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Q1. Implement a program which allows the user to find the shortest path between two nodes in a graph possibly passing through a third node. I.e. the user should be able to ask questions like: Which is the shortest path from A to B passing through C? The program should output an ordered list of the nodes to traverse from A to B if such a path exists. If no such path exists then the program should output that no such path exists.

Use sample text provided below as input when not executing tests (in the case that the tests should be executed you may use another input). This is the undirected road network of New York City. It is connected, contains parallel edges, but no self-loops. The edge weights are travel times and are strictly positive. You should also calculate/show the time complexity of your algorithm.

Sample Text file:

264346
733846
1 2 2008
2 1 2008
3 4 395
4 3 395
5 6 1935
6 5 1935
7 8 3828
8 7 3828
9 10 4182
10 9 4182
9 11 3500
11 9 3500
1 12 2105
12 1 2105
2 13 1478
13 2 1478
14 15 3427
15 14 3427
16 17 4148
17 16 4148
18 19 2529
19 18 2529
20 21 3065
21 20 3065
20 22 3163
22 20 3163
23 24 6768
24 23 6768
25 26 1300
26 25 1300
27 28 1957
28 27 1957
29 30 1295
30 29 1295
31 32 8530
32 31 8530
33 34 4986
34 33 4986
33 35 843
35 33 843
36 37 908
37 36 908
38 39 2545
39 38 2545
40 41 980
41 40 980
29 42 2686
42 29 2686
43 44 1425
44 43 1425
44 45 4410
45 44 4410
46 47 2759
47 46 2759
2 48 1541
48 2 1541
49 50 3787
50 49 3787
49 51 2964
51 49 2964
52 53 5170
53 52 5170
54 55 1300
55 54 1300
56 57 1834
57 56 1834
58 59 1762
59 58 1762
60 61 1253
61 60 1253
62 63 6045
63 62 6045
64 65 2578
65 64 2578
66 58 1527
58 66 1527
67 68 8081
68 67 8081
68 60 793
60 68 793
60 69 4270
69 60 4270
70 71 883
71 70 883
69 70 1136
70 69 1136
72 73 12904
73 72 12904
74 75 1995
75 74 1995
74 76 3516
76 74 3516
77 78 1220
78 77 1220
77 79 2327
79 77 2327
78 80 11763
80 78 11763
78 81 3209
81 78 3209
82 83 922
83 82 922
82 84 4359
84 82 4359
85 86 19802

For ten years, Illinois Tool Works (ITW) has followed an acquisition strategy where it focused on growing from 800 to 1,000 businesses, each of which sought to follow an 80/20 rule where 80% of revenues business came from 20% of its products or customers. In support of this strategy, ITW sent hundreds of managers for training to sharpen their negotiating and deal making skills. As a result, ITW bought 201 companies between 2004 and 2008. Indeed, new acquired companies added $1 billion a year to annual revenues totaling nearly $18 billion.

Now, however, company leaders believe they’ve focused too much on acquisition. Former CEO David Speer said, “I can buy a lot of companies and fix them, but are they something I want to own four or five years from now?” So ITW is switching to a divestiture strategy aimed at making the company stronger through subtraction rather than addition. Divesting, or selling companies or their parts, is often done to get rid of business units that no longer fit strategic plans. The goal is to raise cash, streamline operations, and focus on the remaining core businesses. Research ITW’s divesting strategy, summarize it, and explain its goals and tactics. Find out the latest developments from the last few years. Do you think the divesting strategy will work?

Customers as a Cost Object

Morrisom National Bank has requested an analysis of checking account profitability by customer type. Customers are categorized according to the size of their account: low balances, medium balances, and high balances. The activities associated with the three different customer categories and their associated annual costs are as follows:

Additional data concerning the usage of the activities by the various customers are also provided:

Required:

1. Calculate a cost per account per year by dividing the total cost of processing and maintaining checking accounts by the total number of accounts. Round your answer to the nearest cent.
$per account per year

What is the average fee per month that the bank should charge to cover the costs incurred because of checking accounts? Round your answer to the nearest cent.
$per month

2. Calculate a cost per account by customer category by using activity rates. Round your answers to the nearest cent.

3. Currently, the bank offers free checking to all of its customers. The interest revenues average $90 per account; however, the interest revenues earned per account by category are $80, $100, and $165 for the low-, medium-, and high-balance accounts, respectively. Calculate the average profit per account (average revenue minus average cost from Requirement 1). Round your answer to the nearest cent.
$per account

Also calculate the profit per account by using the revenue per customer type and the unit cost per customer type calculated in Requirement 2. Round to the nearest cent. Use the minus sign to indicate a loss.

4. After the analysis in Requirement 3, a vice president recommended eliminating the free checking feature for low-balance customers. The bank president expressed reluctance to do so, arguing that the low-balance customers more than made up for the loss through cross-sales. He presented a survey that showed that 50% of the customers would switch banks if a checking fee were imposed. Explain how you could verify the president’s argument by using ABC.

First, calculate the profits from loans, credit cards, and other products by customer category (using ABC data). Next, compare 50% of the cross-sales profits from low-balance customers with the total loss from the low-balance checking accounts. If the cross-sales profits are greater  than the loss, the president’s argument has merit.

Customers as a Cost Object

Morrisom National Bank has requested an analysis of checking account profitability by customer type. Customers are categorized according to the size of their account: low balances, medium balances, and high balances. The activities associated with the three different customer categories and their associated annual costs are as follows:

Additional data concerning the usage of the activities by the various customers are also provided:

Required:

1. Calculate a cost per account per year by dividing the total cost of processing and maintaining checking accounts by the total number of accounts. Round your answer to the nearest cent.
? $per account per year

What is the average fee per month that the bank should charge to cover the costs incurred because of checking accounts? Round your answer to the nearest cent.
? $per month

2. Calculate a cost per account by customer category by using activity rates. Round your answers to the nearest cent.

3. Currently, the bank offers free checking to all of its customers. The interest revenues average $90 per account; however, the interest revenues earned per account by category are $80, $100, and $165 for the low-, medium-, and high-balance accounts, respectively. Calculate the average profit per account (average revenue minus average cost from Requirement 1). Round your answer to the nearest cent.
? $per account

Also calculate the profit per account by using the revenue per customer type and the unit cost per customer type calculated in Requirement 2. Round to the nearest cent. Use the minus sign to indicate a loss.

4. After the analysis in Requirement 3, a vice president recommended eliminating the free checking feature for low-balance customers. The bank president expressed reluctance to do so, arguing that the low-balance customers more than made up for the loss through cross-sales. He presented a survey that showed that 50% of the customers would switch banks if a checking fee were imposed. Explain how you could verify the president’s argument by using ABC.

First, calculate the profits from loans, credit cards, and other products by customer category (using ABC data). Next, compare 50% of the cross-sales profits from low-balance customers with the total loss from the low-balance checking accounts. If the cross-sales profits are ? ------------ than the loss, the president’s argument has merit.  

The following data represents the number of children born in individual pregnancies in 1996 and 2006:

9. Using the following information for a U.S. state:

           Nominal GDP                    Real GDP                              Population                            Year

           (millions)                            (millions 2009 $’s)                               

                    1,151,119                          1,421,713                              32,987,911                           1998       

                    1,879,520                          1,975,457                              36,020,878                           2006

                    2,350,807                          2,143,167                              38,792,459                           2014

What is the average annual growth rate for this state during the time periods listed? (GDP per capita)

       (Note: time periods of interest are 1998-2006 & 2006-2014)

What is the average annual inflation rate for this state during the time periods listed?

To what extent are living standards likely changing in this economy? Explain and support your

       claim using evidence from the above table.

                       d.    For 1 bonus point, indicate the U.S. state associated with the above data.

B. Summarize the main arguments in O’Brian (1982) and Acemoglu (2006) papers by focusing on the following points:

C. What do the “dependency school” scholars claim about the development of the North and South as to the sources of industrialization and capital accumulation?

D. How does O’ Brian (1982) try to refute the arguments of the dependency school? What is the main source of economic growth in Western Europe according to him? Is Atlantic trade important for economic growth in Western Europe for him? Why or why not?

E. Do you think that the econometric findings of Acemoglu et al (2006) support O’Brian’s conclusions? How do Acemoglu et al (2006) view the importance of Atlantic Trade as far as economic growth in Western Europe is concerned? Discuss.

Prepare the final statement of partnership liquidation.

2. Identify 3 advantages and 3 disadvantages of a partnership.

What is the average percentage of time that construction workers and productive according to James Adrian (2004)?

1. Matthew (48 at year-end) develops cutting-edge technology for SV Inc., located in Silicon Valley. In 2019, Matthew participates in SV’s money purchase pension plan (a defined contribution plan) and in his company’s 401(k) plan. Under the money purchase pension plan, SV contributes 15 percent of an employee’s salary to a retirement account for the employee up to the amount limited by the tax code. Because it provides the money purchase pension plan, SV does not contribute to the employee’s 401(k) plan. Matthew would like to maximize his contribution to his 401(k) account after SV’s contribution to the money purchase plan

Assuming Matthew’s annual salary is $420,000,

1. a- What amount will SV contribute to Matthew’s money purchase plan?

2. a- What can Matthew contribute to his 401(k) account in 2019?

What amount will SV contribute to Matthew’s money purchase plan?

SV contribution to money purchase plan

What can Matthew contribute to his 401(k) account in 2019?

Matthews Contribution to 401K account

Assuming Matthew’s annual salary is $270,000,

1. b- What amount will SV contribute to Matthew’s money purchase plan?
2. b- What can Matthew contribute to his 401(k) account in 2019?

What amount will SV contribute to Matthew’s money purchase plan?

SV contribution to money purchase plan

What can Matthew contribute to his 401(k) account in 2019?

Matthews Contribution to 401K account

Assuming Matthew’s annual salary is $65,000,

1. c-1. What amount will SV contribute to Matthew’s money purchase plan?
2. c-2. What amount can Matthew contribute to his 401(k) account in 2019?

What amount will SV contribute to Matthew’s money purchase plan?

SV contribution to money purchase plan

What can Matthew contribute to his 401(k) account in 2019?

Matthews Contribution to 401K account

d. Assume the same facts as part (c), except that Matthew is 54 years old at the end of 2019. What amount can Matthew contribute to his 401(k) account in 2019?

Matthew contribution to 401k account