please go to details and don't forget to answer the questions that my professor ask for, also explain for the first question in one paragraph and explain second question in one paragraph too. thanks.

Sex Education and Teenage Pregnancy

Santrock (2016) mentions in his text that the United States has one of the highest teenage pregnancy rates of industrialized nations, despite the fact that adolescent sexual activity is no higher in the United States. Why is that? For starters, sex during adolescence is considered a "taboo" subject in our culture. Abstinence is also promoted and touted as the most safest, surefire way to avoid the consequences of early sexual activity. Additionally, we teach teens that sexual activity is an "adult activity" and do not acknowledge that during the adolescent period, when there is an upsurge of hormones and changes in the physiological landscape, teens grow curious about their bodies and that of the opposite sex. Teens are also at a stage in their life where experimentation and identify formation are at its "peak", and questioning, expressing, and exploring their sexual identity is part of that process.

How many people did you know in high school knew what sex was and even had sex? Probably the majority. That is because sexual curiosity during adolescence is part of healthy, typical human development.

What is sex education?

Briefly, sex education is about instilling accurate, scientific-based information and spreading awareness about the following:

1. The physiological changes that occur in the body due to pubertal/hormonal changes.

2. The risks and consequences involved in sexual activity such as contracting sexually transmitted diseases or pregnancy.

3. It involves teaching youngsters how to set boundaries with others when it comes to their own body and other people's bodies (i.e."No means NO!").

4. Contraception options-how to be "sex smart" such as the benefits of using protection.

5. A discussion about knowing when they are "ready" to have sex.

6. Define rape and sexual assault and how to know if you are about to be a victim.

Put it in Perspective...

Answer the Following Discussion Questions:

1. What was your experience with 'sex education'? Did you take a class in school? Did you learn from your caregivers? Include points that you remember learning. And how has that served you as a teenager?

2. According to the film "Inside the Teenage Brain" and your textbook readings, what are some effective ways to approach a conversation with teenagers about 'safe sex'?

Theories of psychology are, in many ways, a product of the context that they come from. We have discussed the role of culture, cohort, and environment in identifying factors that create differences in behavior and thought. A robust theory of psychology can address universal (culture free) and individual (culture specific) differences in explaining the HOW and WHY of behavior. For this assignment, you will be addressing the following cultural scenarios and will need to evaluate psychological theories from this new point of view:  

?
Television images, movies and glamour magazines promote the elderly as role models. Your sense of self- esteem is tied to how “old” you are perceived as, with success in work and relationships based on age related criteria. Younger members of a group are marginalized and clear messages about the value of age are communicated with even very young members of society (children). There are industries in your society dedicated to helping provide society with valued markers of age (think hair dye and plastic surgery to age individuals). Imagine what your experiences would have been growing up and how your sense of identity would be like as a college student.

For this assignment, please reflect on what ways such a situation might affect their personal experiences. (What would be different, specifically?) Next, speculate how the theories in the field of psychology might be changed as a result. Describe this in terms of at least three approaches or theories in psychology (Freud, Piaget, Social Learning, Milgram, Zimbardo, etc.) You will need to discuss why these changes would impact their experiences and the world at large (ex., would Freud be more widely accepted without the changes in access to education for women in the 30s and 40s that gave women more status and would current theories of personality be different due to this change. Think about if these changes in the world would have altered the theories of psychology and what a specific alternate theory would look like.

Students will need to discuss this hypothetical change using the
WHAT, HOW, AND WHY
format.
o
WHAT is different based on the change (in terms of your personal experiences and
culture).
o
HOW is psychology different? (What in the research that we have discussed holds
true and what does not? Would we still find the same results? Would research or
theories look different? Would a different cultural norm produce a different
explanation of thought and behavior and what does that say about the role of culture
in how we explain behavior or thought?)

PLEASE ANSWER THOROUGHLY AND BREAK DOWN EACH STEP. THANK YOU!!

Characteristics of Chemical Equilibrium

The purpose of this lab is to investigate how changing various factors affect an equilibrium system. This lab consists of four independent activities. Each activity changes a component (concentration, temperature, and pressure) in an equilibrium system. Students observe how the changes affect the equilibrium system and analyze the changes using Le Chatelier’s Principle.

Please explain your answers to the following questions using Le Chatelier’s Principle.

Activity A: Nature of Equilibrium

            HIn (aq)    ↔     H⁺(aq)     +      In^– (aq)        …… (A)

            Colorless                                    Pink

            H⁺(aq)       +     OH^-(aq) →     H₂O (l)

If HCl solution is added to the solution in equilibrium A, would the solution become more pink or less pink?

If NaOH solution is added to the solution, which direction would the equilibrium shift to? Would the color become more pink or less pink when NaOH solution is added to the equilibrium?

Activity B: Effect of Concentration

            Fe³⁺⁽aq)      +        SCN^-(aq)       ↔     FeSCN²⁺(aq) ………   (B)

            yellow                     colorless                 red

            Fe³⁺(aq)       +        H₂PO₄^-(aq)   →     FeH₂PO₄²⁺(aq)

            yellow                    colorless                 colorless

Which direction would the equilibrium shift to if Fe(NO₃)₃ solution is added to the equilibrium B?

Which direction would the equilibrium shift to if Na₃PO₄ is added to the equilibrium B?

Activity C: Effect of Temperature

1. Fe³⁺⁽aq)      +       SCN^-(aq)       ↔     FeSCN²⁺(aq)       is an exothermic reaction.

yellow                 colorless                     red

Would the color of the solution become more red or less red if the temperature is increased? What happens if the temperature is decreased?

2. Co(H₂O)₆²⁺ (aq)    +     4Cl^–(aq)    ↔     CoCl₄^2- (aq)     +    6H₂O (l)

pink                                                               blue

When the solution is heated to boiling, it turns from pink to blue.

Is this reaction endothermic or exothermic?

Bonus: if AgNO₃ is added to the above blue solution, would the solution change color back to pink? If HCl is then added to the solution, would the color change again?

Activity D: Effect of Pressure

2 CO₂(g)    +      H₂O(l)   ↔   CO₂ (aq)   +   H⁺(aq)     +   HCO₃^-(aq)

The reaction forms equilibrium in a large syringe with changeable volume.

Would the solution become more acidic or less acidic when the volume is increased? What happens if the volume is decreased?

Assume that you are a Financial Manager of Starbucks Coffee, Inc., a multi-national corporation. You are in charge of determining the impact of exchange rate changes on the firm. Changes in currency exchange affect both the balance sheet and the income statement. The balance sheet impact occurs when the value of international assets are translated to U.S. dollars. The values of those assets change as the exchange rate changes. The value of costs, revenue, and profit also are impacted on the income statement because of exchange rate risk. Consider that Starbucks has the following investments in coffee bean production and processing:

Table One:

            The expense of all the labor, production, and beans will require the following foreign currency amounts during the current year:

                        Table Two:

            Starbucks Coffee has also invested in store facilities to sell coffee products. The countries and the value of the investments are as follows:

                        Table Three:

            The “Net Profit” from these countries during the current year is as follows:

                        Table Four:

            The current spot exchange rates per one U.S. dollar are as follows:

                                    Table Five:

            As the Financial Manager for Starbucks, your task is to determine the following:

2) Convert the “Net Profit” generated in Canada, Japan, and the United Kingdom shown

                        in Table Four above to U.S. dollars to calculate the total profits realized by Starbucks,

                        Inc. during the current year in U.S. dollars.

a. Starbuck’s “Return on Investment” (ROI) can be calculated using the following formula

Net Profit in U.S. dollars from Question #2 above/Total Investment for Production and Store Facilities in Tables One and Three above

=      ROI

                                  What is Starbuck’s “Return on Investment” for the current year?

Decide whether each of these statements is True (T) or False (F).
A closed-loop control system:
(i) Has negative feedback.
(ii) Responds to changes in conditions.
1. (i) T (ii) T
2. (i) T (ii) F
3. (i) F (ii) T
4. (i) F (ii) F
7. Decide whether each of these statements is True (T) or False (F).
A closed-loop control system:
(i) Has a measurement system which gives feedback of a signal which is a measure of the variable being controlled.
(ii) Has a controller which has an input based on the difference between the set value and the fed back value for the variable being controlled.
1. (i) T (ii) T
2. (i) T (ii) F
3. (i) F (ii) T
4. (i) F (ii) FDecide whether each of these statements is True (T) or False (F).
A closed-loop control system:
(i) Has negative feedback.
(ii) Responds to changes in conditions.
1. (i) T (ii) T
2. (i) T (ii) F
3. (i) F (ii) T
4. (i) F (ii) F
7. Decide whether each of these statements is True (T) or False (F).
A closed-loop control system:
(i) Has a measurement system which gives feedback of a signal which is a measure of the variable being controlled.
(ii) Has a controller which has an input based on the difference between the set value and the fed back value for the variable being controlled.
1. (i) T (ii) T
2. (i) T (ii) F
3. (i) F (ii) T
4. (i) F (ii) FDecide whether each of these statements is True (T) or False (F).
A closed-loop control system:
(i) Has negative feedback.
(ii) Responds to changes in conditions.
1. (i) T (ii) T
2. (i) T (ii) F
3. (i) F (ii) T
4. (i) F (ii) F
7. Decide whether each of these statements is True (T) or False (F).
A closed-loop control system:
(i) Has a measurement system which gives feedback of a signal which is a measure of the variable being controlled.
(ii) Has a controller which has an input based on the difference between the set value and the fed back value for the variable being controlled.
1. (i) T (ii) T
2. (i) T (ii) F
3. (i) F (ii) T
4. (i) F (ii) FDecide whether each of these statements is True (T) or False (F).
A closed-loop control system:
(i) Has negative feedback.
(ii) Responds to changes in conditions.
1. (i) T (ii) T
2. (i) T (ii) F
3. (i) F (ii) T
4. (i) F (ii) F
7. Decide whether each of these statements is True (T) or False (F).
A closed-loop control system:
(i) Has a measurement system which gives feedback of a signal which is a measure of the variable being controlled.
(ii) Has a controller which has an input based on the difference between the set value and the fed back value for the variable being controlled.
1. (i) T (ii) T
2. (i) T (ii) F
3. (i) F (ii) T
4. (i) F (ii) FDecide whether each of these statements is True (T) or False (F).
A closed-loop control system:
(i) Has negative feedback.
(ii) Responds to changes in conditions.
1. (i) T (ii) T
2. (i) T (ii) F
3. (i) F (ii) T
4. (i) F (ii) F
7. Decide whether each of these statements is True (T) or False (F).
A closed-loop control system:
(i) Has a measurement system which gives feedback of a signal which is a measure of the variable being controlled.
(ii) Has a controller which has an input based on the difference between the set value and the fed back value for the variable being controlled.
1. (i) T (ii) T
2. (i) T (ii) F
3. (i) F (ii) T
4. (i) F (ii) FDecide whether each of these statements is True (T) or False (F).
A closed-loop control system:
(i) Has negative feedback.
(ii) Responds to changes in conditions.
1. (i) T (ii) T
2. (i) T (ii) F
3. (i) F (ii) T
4. (i) F (ii) F
7. Decide whether each of these statements is True (T) or False (F).
A closed-loop control system:
(i) Has a measurement system which gives feedback of a signal which is a measure of the variable being controlled.
(ii) Has a controller which has an input based on the difference between the set value and the fed back value for the variable being controlled.
1. (i) T (ii) T
2. (i) T (ii) F
3. (i) F (ii) T
4. (i) F (ii) FDecide whether each of these statements is True (T) or False (F).
A closed-loop control system:
(i) Has negative feedback.
(ii) Responds to changes in conditions.
1. (i) T (ii) T
2. (i) T (ii) F
3. (i) F (ii) T
4. (i) F (ii) F
7. Decide whether each of these statements is True (T) or False (F).
A closed-loop control system:
(i) Has a measurement system which gives feedback of a signal which is a measure of the variable being controlled.
(ii) Has a controller which has an input based on the difference between the set value and the fed back value for the variable being controlled.
1. (i) T (ii) T
2. (i) T (ii) F
3. (i) F (ii) T
4. (i) F (ii) FDecide whether each of these statements is True (T) or False (F).
A closed-loop control system:
(i) Has negative feedback.
(ii) Responds to changes in conditions.
1. (i) T (ii) T
2. (i) T (ii) F
3. (i) F (ii) T
4. (i) F (ii) F
7. Decide whether each of these statements is True (T) or False (F).
A closed-loop control system:
(i) Has a measurement system which gives feedback of a signal which is a measure of the variable being controlled.
(ii) Has a controller which has an input based on the difference between the set value and the fed back value for the variable being controlled.
1. (i) T (ii) T
2. (i) T (ii) F
3. (i) F (ii) T
4. (i) F (ii) FDecide whether each of these statements is True (T) or False (F).
A closed-loop control system:
(i) Has negative feedback.
(ii) Responds to changes in conditions.
1. (i) T (ii) T
2. (i) T (ii) F
3. (i) F (ii) T
4. (i) F (ii) F
7. Decide whether each of these statements is True (T) or False (F).
A closed-loop control system:
(i) Has a measurement system which gives feedback of a signal which is a measure of the variable being controlled.
(ii) Has a controller which has an input based on the difference between the set value and the fed back value for the variable being controlled.
1. (i) T (ii) T
2. (i) T (ii) F
3. (i) F (ii) T
4. (i) F (ii) F

In 2000, Enron enjoyed remarkable success in the capital markets. During that year, Enron’s shares increased in value by 89%, while the S&P 500 index fell by 9%. At the end of 2000, Enron’s shares were trading at roughly $83 per share, and all of the sell-side analysts following Enron recommended the shares as a ‘‘buy’’ or a ‘‘strong buy.’’ With 752.2 million shares outstanding, Enron had a market capitalization of $62,530 million and was one of the largest firms Enron had a market capitalization of $62,530 million and was one of the largest firms (in terms of market capital) in the United States. At year-end 2000, Enron’s book value of common shareholders’ equity was $11,470 million. At year-end 2000, Enron posted earnings per share of $1.19. Among sell-side analysts following Enron, the consensus forecast for earnings per share was $1.31 per share for 2001 and $1.44 per share for 2002, with 10% earnings growth expected from 2003 to 2005. At the time, Enron was paying dividends equivalent to roughly 40% of earnings and was expected to maintain that payout policy. At year-end 2000, Enron had a market beta of 1.7. The risk-free rate of return was 4.3%, and the market risk premium was 5.0%. (Note: The data provided in this problem, and the inferences you draw from them, do not depend on foresight of Enron’s declaring bankruptcy by the end of 2001.)

Reverse engineer Enron’s $83 share price to solve for the implied expected return on
Enron shares at year-end 2000. Do the reverse engineering under the following
assumptions:
(1) Enron’s market price equals value.
(2) The consensus analysts’ earnings-per-share forecasts through 2005 are reliable proxies
for market expectations.
(3) Enron will maintain a 40% dividend payout rate.
(4) Beyond 2005, Enron’s long-run earnings growth rate will be 3.0%.

Please include details on how the reverse engineering numbers are calculated.

Several studies suggest that breast-fed babies become more intelligent children than formula-fed babies. One such study (Mortensen, Michaelsen, Sanders, & Reinisch, 2002) involved a sample of over 3,000 women and men born in Copenhagen, Denmark, between October 1959 and December 1961. The samples were divided into five categories based on duration of breast-feeding, as assessed by physician interview with mothers at a one-year examination. The child’s intelligence was assessed using the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS) at a mean age of 27.2 years. The results showed that duration of breast-feeding was associated with significantly higher scores on the verbal, performance, and full scale WAIS IAs. This difference was observed even after the researchers adjusted for differences in the social class and maternal education of the two groups. (This adjustment allowed the researchers to rule out any preexisting differences in the groups that might have independently contributed to IQ differences in their children.) The authors acknowledged that other differences between the groups, such as the children’s genetic potential or their parents’ caregiving skills or motivation to nurture, could explain the results. However, they believe that human milk contains various hormones and other factors that enhance brain growth and maturation.

1. State the research hypothesis in your own words and Identify variables a. Independent b. dependent variables

2. define all important concepts and terms as they are used in this study.

3. What evidence do the researchers offer as a test of their hypothesis? Is this evidence empirical (observable)? Is it valid?

4. What explanation do the researchers offer for their findings? Does this explanation make sense based on the evidence?

5. Given the results of this study, why can’t the researchers draw a causal connection between type of food and later intelligence?

6. What might be an alternative explanation for the results of this study?

7. What could the researchers do in order to make a causal connection between the dependent and independent variables?

8. Are there any practical implications for this research?

Clark Industries has a defined benefit pension plan that specifies annual, year-end retirement benefits equal to:

1.2% × Service years × Final year’s salary

Stanley Mills was hired by Clark at the beginning of 2002. Mills is expected to retire at the end of 2046 after 45 years of service. His retirement is expected to span 15 years. At the end of 2021, 20 years after being hired, his salary is $97,000. The company’s actuary projects Mills’s salary to be $440,000 at retirement. The actuary’s discount rate is 6%. (FV of $1, PV of $1, FVA of $1, PVA of $1, FVAD of $1 and PVAD of $1) (Use appropriate factor(s) from the tables provided.)

Required:
1. Estimate the amount of Stanley Mills’s annual retirement payments for the 15 retirement years earned as of the end of 2021.
2. Suppose Clark’s pension plan permits a lump-sum payment at retirement in lieu of annuity payments. Determine the lump-sum equivalent as the present value as of the retirement date of annuity payments during the retirement period.
3. What is the company’s projected benefit obligation at the end of 2021 with respect to Stanley Mills?
4. Even though pension accounting centers on the PBO calculation, the ABO still must be disclosed in the pension disclosure note. What is the company’s accumulated benefit obligation at the end of 2021 with respect to Stanley Mills?
5. If we assume no estimates change in the meantime, what is the company’s projected benefit obligation at the end of 2022 with respect to Stanley Mills?
6. What portion of the 2022 increase in the PBO is attributable to 2022 service (the service cost component of pension expense) and to accrued interest (the interest cost component of pension expense)?

1. Annual Retirement Payments?

2. PV of retirement annuity?

3. Projected benefit obligation?

4. Accumulated benefit obligation?

5. Projected benefit obligation?

6. Interest Cost?

     Service Cost?

LAW OF ACCOUNTANTS
A QUESTION OF ETHICS-- Agency Formation and Duties: Emergency One, Inc. (EO), makes fi re and rescue vehicles. Western Fire Truck, Inc., contracted with EO to be its exclusive dealer in Colorado and Wyoming through December 2003. James Costello, a Western salesperson, was authorized to order EO vehicles for his customers. Without informing Western, Costello e-mailed EO about Western’s diffi culties in obtaining cash to fund its operations. He asked about the viability of Western’s contract and his possible employment with EO. On EO’s request, and in disregard of Western’s instructions, Costello sent some payments for EO vehicles directly to EO. In addition, Costello, with EO’s help, sent a competing bid to a potential Western customer. EO’s representative e-mailed Costello, “You have my permission to kick [Western’s] ass.” In April 2002, EO terminated its contract with Western, which, after reviewing Costello’s e-mail, fi red Costello. Western fi led a suit in a Colorado state court against Costello and EO, alleging, among other things, that Costello breached his duty as an agent and that EO aided and abetted the breach. [ Western Fire Truck, Inc. v. Emergency One, Inc., 134 P.3d 570 (Colo.App. 2006)]

(a) Was there an agency relationship between Western and Costello? Western required monthly reports from its sales staff, but Costello did not report regularly. Does this indicate that Costello was not Western’s agent? In determining whether an agency relationship exists, is the right to control or the fact of control more important? Explain.
(b) Did Costello owe Western a duty? If so, what was the duty? Did Costello breach it? If so, how?
(c) A Colorado state statute allows a court to award punitive damages in “circumstances of fraud, malice, or willful and wanton conduct.” Did any of these circumstances exist in this case? Should punitive damages be assessed against either defendant? Why or why not?

1. Which of the following is NOT true about Korean economy before 1960?

a. South Korea was one of the poorest country in the whole world in terms of personal income.

b. South Korea’s production facilities are totally destroyed over Korean War.

c. North Korean territory was totally destroyed over Korean War.

d. US provided infrastructure of South Korea.

2. Which of the following is NOT true about South Korea in 1980s?

a. Government pursued contractional policies.

b. Workers’ income was raised along with inflation.

c. There was high inflation in early 1980s.

d. The three-lows gave a stronger economic growth.

3. Which of the following is NOT true about North Korean economy in general?

a. Industrial capital is well maintained due to Soviet Union’s support.

b. There has been chronic shortages of food.

c. Private farming was partially allowed from 2002.

d. 2009’s redenomination was a totally failure.

4. Which of the following is NOT true about North Korea in 1960s?

a. There was a conflict between China and Soviet Union.

b. China decreased economic aid to North Korea.

c. Soviet Union maintained support to North Korea.

d. Trade with South Asian countries increased.

5. Which of the following is NOT an expected problem from the aging Korean economy?

a. decreasing labor force

b. increasing savings

c. worsened government budget deficit

d. low economic growth

6. According to lecture, which of the following is NOT correct about South Korea’s chip industry.

a. South Korea is the largest supplier in global chip market.

b. There has been a series of chicken game between chip manufacturers.

c. Each country’s government is supporting chip industry as a part of future development strategy.

d. South Korea is the most competitive in non-memory chips.

7. According to lecture, which of the following is NOT a part of automobile industry’s rear (or backward) industries?

a. plastic

b. steel

c. component

d. furniture