13. Assume on 1/1/18 that BIGDEBT has decided to refinance its debt. Assume all the

data about the bond issue (as given in Requirement #8 above).

On 1/1/18 BIGDEBT issues sufficient new bonds to call in the old bonds. The dollar amount (price) of the new bond issue is exactly the same as the dollar amount needed to call (redeem) the old bonds. The new bond issue has a 14% coupon rate, 3-year life, and the new bonds are issued at face with interest payments on each 6/30 and 12/31.

13. Assume on 1/1/18 that BIGDEBT has decided to refinance its debt. Assume all the

data about the bond issue (as given in Requirement #8 above).

On 1/1/18 BIGDEBT issues sufficient new bonds to call in the old bonds. The dollar amount (price) of the new bond issue is exactly the same as the dollar amount needed to call (redeem) the old bonds. The new bond issue has a 14% coupon rate, 3-year life, and the new bonds are issued at face with interest payments on each 6/30 and 12/31.

1. Some economists argue suddenly reducing money supply growth is a costly way to reduce inflation and that it may not work. For example, if a government cuts money growth but makes no real fiscal reforms, people will expect the government will eventually need to expand the money supply to pay for its expenditures. Thus, the promise to fight inflation will not be credible. Explain why credibility is important to a reduction in the inflation rate.

2. Use the sticky-wage theory of aggregate demand to explain the short-run Phillips curve.

3. Carefully explain how monetary policy can be used to counter a recession. Explain what the central bank does as well as HOW its actions affect the economy.

4. Suppose that a country has an inflation rate of about 3 percent per year and a real GDP growth rate of about 3 percent per year. How large of a deficit can the government run (as a percentage of GDP) without raising the debt- to-income ratio?

5. List and EXPLAIN two costs of inflation.

6. Explain how tax cuts can increase aggregate supply.

Describe the path a red blood cell would take traveling through the body. Start your RBC in the right atrium and show its path until it returns to the right atrium. Should be at least 7 steps or more

While talking to your friend about your week, you mentioned that you had just learned about standard costing which plays a vital role in variance analysis. This topic interested your friend, who runs a bakery and wants to learn what he or she would need to do to set up a standard costing system for the bakery. This gives you an opportunity to share your new knowledge with your friend. What would you tell your friend about standard costing?

explain what a while loop is and how you can use it. Give examples based on websites on how you can use a while loop to your advantage. This assignment should be a couple paragraphs long (5-8 sentences per paragraph).

Consider learning theories you have been reading about in your course materials.

What is the evidence that TV or film portrayals of violence is linked to real world aggression?

Use at least one peer reviewed article or other empirical research to back up your conclusion.

What are alternative explanations for aggression and violence, rather than just observing violence on TV or film

4. What is the difference between the null and alternative hypotheses? What does alpha

      represent? (4 pts)

The proportion of professional baseball players who take steroids has been assumed to be twenty percent by the team owner council. The Commissioner of Baseball has instituted a new campaign to reduce the proportion of players who take steroids. The Commissioner would now like to test whether their campaign has worked. (α = 0.05)

      State the null and alternative hypotheses that the Commissioner would test. Use

      symbols in the hypotheses. State alpha and define the parameter. (7 pts)

Ho: p = 0.2 (.)       

      Ha: p < 0.2 (.)                                

Time Magazine states that the nationwide drop out rate for high school seniors is ten percent. You conduct a test to see if the drop out rate for high school seniors is actually more than ten percent. ( α = 0.01)

     State the null and alternative hypotheses for this test. Use symbols in the hypotheses.

     State alpha and define the parameter. (7 pts)

The Maryland Department of Health claims that the proportion of heroin users in Maryland that have been infected by HIV is four percent. Suppose a researcher wants to show that this claim is not true. ( α = 0.1)

     State the null and alternative hypotheses to dispute the Maryland Department of

     Health’s claim. Use symbols in the hypotheses. State alpha and define the parameter.

    (7 pts)

Ho:        

      Ha:

What happens to your body if you get stung by a bee and you are allergic? 1. Explain the science in your own words as if you are describing it to someone with no scientific knowledge (make sure you use appropriate words).

What happens to your body if you get stung by a bee and you are allergic? 1. Explain the science in your own words as if you are describing it to someone with no scientific knowledge (make sure you use appropriate words).