____   1.   Al single, age 70, and has gross income of $100,000. His deductible expenses are as follows:

What is Al’s medical deduction?

____   2.   Rex, a cash basis calendar year taxpayer, runs a bingo operation which is illegal under state law. During 2016, a bill designated H.R. 9 is introduced into the state legislature which, if enacted, would legitimize bingo games. In 2016, Rex had the following expenses:

Of these expenditures, Rex may deduct:

____   3.   Terry and Jim are both involved in operating illegal businesses. Terry operates a gambling business and Jim operates a drug running business. Both businesses have gross revenues of $500,000. The businesses incur the following expenses.

Which of the following statements is correct?

____   4.   Black Corporation incurred the following expenses in connection with the development of a new product:

Black expects to begin selling the product in November 1 of this year. If Black elects to amortize research and experimental expenditures over 60 months, determine the amount of the deduction for research and experimental expenditures for the current year.

The results below are based on data collected as part of a student project for an introductory statistics class at UF. If there is more than one group/treatment, the first group mentioned is group 1. Data was collected to determine if the price of food items at Graham Oasis (a convenience store inside UF campus) is higher, on average, than at a Publix Supermarket located 2 miles away. The p-value was 0.000, and the confidence interval was ( 0.85, 1.62).

The students selected food items and checked their prices at both stores.

This problem is about [ Select ]["two independent proportions", "dependent means", "two independent means", "one mean", "one proportion", "dependent proportions"] .

The sign of the alternative hypothesis should be [ Select ] [">", "=", "not =", "<"] .

Based on the p-value we can [ Select ] ["Reject the Null Hypothesis", "not Reject the Alternative Hypothesis", "Reject the Alternative Hypothesis", "Accept the Null Hypothesis", "not Reject the Null Hypothesis", "Accept the Alternative Hypothesis"] at alpha = 0.05.

At which alpha levels could we Reject Ho? [ Select ] ["all of the usual alpha levels", "0.10 and 0.05", "0.01 and 0.05", "none of the usual alpha levels"]

Are the results statistically significant at alpha=0.01? [ Select ] ["Yes.", "No."] We have [ Select ] ["some evidence", "very strong evidence", "not enough evidence", "pretty strong evidence"] to say that the average price of food items at Graham Oasis is higher than Publix.

We are 95% confident that the average price of food items at Graham Oasis is between [ Select ] ["85 cents and $1.62 lower", "$1.62 lower and 85 cents higher", "85 cents lower and $1.62 higher", "85 cents and $1.62 higher"] than at Publix.

The results of the confidence interval and significance test at alpha=0.05 [ Select ] ["do not agree because the test is one sided.", "agree", "do not agree because the test is two sided."] .

The population of interest is [ Select ] ["all food items", "all food items available at at least one of the stores", "all food items available at both stores", "all items for which data was collected"] .

We need to assume the sample was randomly selected because we are making inferences about [ Select ] ["two groups", "one group", "an unknown parameter", "proportions", "an unknown statistic", "means", "an estimator"] .

For the students collecting the data, it would be [ Select ] ["very difficult", "fairly easy"] to select a random sample from this population.

Students collecting the data should strive for [ Select ] ["a sample size of at least 30", "at least 15 successes and 15 failures in the population", "a population size of at least 30", "at least 15 successes and 15 failures in the sample"]

Dr. Sam Wise, medical director at San Diego Valley Hospital, has just conducted a meeting in which he informed those in attendance of an acute outbreak of Zika virus. In the past 36 hours, two men and one woman, completely unrelated to one another, have presented to Valley’s ER with the symptoms of Zika virus. Their only commonality is that they all live within an area of 17 square miles.

Patient 1, Stevie, is a 24-year-old graduate student at San Diego State University. He is not in a relationship and has had no sexual contact in more than three months. He has not traveled out of the greater San Diego area in the past five months, and he has never left the west coast of the United States.

Patient 2, Tiffany, is a 31-year-old marketing executive. She is married with two children, ages 3 and 4. Tiffany was in Seattle for a weekend, two weeks ago, but she has, otherwise, not left San Diego in more than six months. Her husband and children have not left San Diego in more than a year. Tiffany’s husband and her children exhibit no symptoms of Zika.

Patient 3, Enrique, is a 39-year-old carpenter. He owns his own business, which has him traveling all over the region, within a 100-mile radius of San Diego. However, he has never traveled any farther than that. Enrique is married with four children, aged between 3 and 8 years of age. No one in Enrique’s family has exhibited any Zika symptoms.

Because all of the children are too young to date, and there are no extramarital behaviors in either Tiffany’s or Enrique’s relationships, the possibility of others being infected through sexual intercourse is eliminated. As well, none of the infected parties have traveled to a high risk area.

As the director of community relations at San Diego Valley Hospital, Dr. Wise has charged you with the task of writing an article to be released to the public through the local newspaper. Dr. Wise has charged you with informing the public of a potential Zika outbreak. Your article must include a discussion of the epidemiological triangle, modes of transmission, symptoms of Zika, high-risk populations, associated morbidities, known vaccines, prevention measures, etc. Your article must be written in a lay fashion. In order to assist you in writing the article, the hospital’s epidemiologist has provided you with these CDC-supported resources.

Mr. Puffy. This gentleman is 65 years old. He has smoked two packs of non-filter cigarettes per day since he was 15 years old. His face is ruddy with a nose like WC Fields. His lips and nose are blue and he is breathing through pursed lips, having trouble evacuating the air from his lungs. He has a barrel chest. The expiratory area of his respiratory center is fully activated. He sips a small glass of port wine and reminisces about the old days.

Questions: What is your understanding of Mr. Puffy’s respiratory diagnosis? Is Mr. Puffy at risk for respiratory or metabolic / alkalosis or acidosis? What is the compensatory mechanism working to rectify his self-induced condition?

Young couple with their first baby. This is their first excursion out of the house with baby. They’ve been unable to sleep because baby is awaking all-night and asleep all day. Baby has been vomiting for the past 2-3 days, unable to keep down clear liquid or formula. Her mother told them not to worry; “spitting up” is normal. They're both exhausted and trying to enjoy their first restaurant dinner together for months. Baby is in her car seat trying to sleep but appears fidgety.

Questions: Is baby at risk for an acid- base imbalance? If so, is it respiratory or metabolic alkalosis or acidosis? What is the compensatory mechanism working to rectify this condition?

Aquarius. She's sitting alone at a table drinking distilled water hoping to be discovered by a famous movie producer. She has the lead role in a small off-Broadway play. Directors in the past have often told her that she should drink a lot of water before a performance to help with her voice quality. Her aesthetician recommends 4-5 liters of pure water per day for her skin hydration. Taking this to heart, she has been drinking at least this much water a day and more. She will only eat protein, no carbohydrates, and takes laxatives to maintain a slender figure. She's also a novice jogger with great determination, putting in at least five miles per day. She rehydrates with pure water only. The only thing she has had to drink today is distilled water.

Questions: Is Aquarius at risk for water intoxication, dehydrated, or in fluid balance? What factors are affecting her body fluid level and which hormones are affected by her lifestyle? Is her fluid volume dropping? If so, which hormones are released to compensate for this loss? Is Aquarius at risk for respiratory or metabolic / alkalosis or acidosis? What is the compensatory mechanism working to rectify her self-induced condition?

Problem 12-1A

Lon Timur is an accounting major at a midwestern state university located approximately 60 miles from a major city. Many of the students attending the university are from the metropolitan area and visit their homes regularly on the weekends. Lon, an entrepreneur at heart, realizes that few good commuting alternatives are available for students doing weekend travel. He believes that a weekend commuting service could be organized and run profitably from several suburban and downtown shopping mall locations. Lon has gathered the following investment information.

(a)  Determine the annual (1) net income and (2) net annual cash flows for the commuter service.

(b) Compute (1) the cash payback period and (2) the annual rate of return.

(c) Compute the net present value of the commuter service.

Problem 12-1A

U3 Company is considering three long-term capital investment proposals. Each investment has a useful life of 5 years. Relevant data on each project are as follows.

Depreciation is computed by the straight-line method with no salvage value. The company’s cost of capital is 15%. (Assume that cash flows occur evenly throughout the year.)

A. Compute the net present value for each project.

B.Compute the annual rate of return for each project. (Hint: Use average annual net income in your computation.)

1. Which of the following variables is an example of a categorical variable?

a) The amount of money you spend on eating out each month.

b) The time it takes you to write a test.

c) The geographic region of the country in which you live.

d) The weight of a cereal box.

2. Which of the following is an example of a discrete random variable?

a) The monthly electric bill for a local business.

b) The number of people eating at a local café between noon and 2:00 p.m.

c) The amount of time it takes for a worker to complete a complex task.

d) The percentage of people living below the poverty level in Boston.

3. A measurement scale that rates product quality as either 1 = poor, 2 = average and 3 = good is known as:

a) Nominal

b) Ordinal

c) Interval

d) Ratio

4. Which of the following statements involve descriptive statistics as opposed to inferential statistics?

a) The Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms Department reported that Seattle had 1,825 registered gun dealers in 2013.

b) Based on a survey of 380 magazine readers, the magazine reports that 30% of its readers prefer double column articles.

c) The FAA samples 425 traffic controllers in order to estimate the percent retiring due to job stress related illness.

d) Based on a sample of 350 professional baseball players, a baseball magazine reported that 23% of the parents of all professional baseball players did not play baseball.

5. Suppose a survey is taken of 300 high school seniors out of a total of 1,000 seniors. This group is probably a:

a) Sample

b) Population

c) System

d) Process

6. Which of the following is a quantitative variable?

a) the make of a washing machine

b) a person's gender

c) price of a car in thousands of dollars

d) whether a person is a college graduate or not

7. Pareto's principle is applied to a wide variety of behavior over many systems. It is sometimes referred to as the:

a) "20-80" Rule

b) "80-20" Rule

c) "10-90" Rule

d) "90-10" Rule

8. Which of the following is most likely a continuous numerical variable?

a) the number of gallons of paint purchased

b) the number of reams of paper ordered

c) the population of Egypt in 2005

d) the number of miles of interstate highways

9. A company has developed a new battery, but the average lifetime is unknown. In order to estimate this average, a sample of 110 batteries is tested and the average lifetime of this sample is found to be 200 hours. The 200 hours is the value of a:

a) parameter

b) statistic

c) sampling frame

d) population

Hydraulics & Hydrology

Problem Statement

The Romans were exquisite water engineers, and that without having at their disposal the modern tools and the knowledge we have today. Remember that Hydraulics and Hydrology as we know it now only came to be in the 1700’ when engineers started to put a fundamental framework together that is/was based on lab experiments and theoretical approaches and principles. Until then, you just “knew”. The Romans build all sorts of hydraulic systems, from irrigation canals, to water supply infrastructure, to the famed “hot baths” of Rome, to sewer systems, you name it. They realized that if you want water for different purposes at locations that were important to you that very often you had to get the water there because it just was not available in close proximity.

One of the marvelous feats they accomplished was to build water supply systems that would run over dozens of miles to convey water from sources to locations of need, typically the towns and cities they founded in their vast empire. They managed to do so by building a lot of infrastructure that withstood time and that, almost 2000 years later, is still in place for us to marvel at. Especially the many bridges that were built to cross valleys and gorges to keep the supply line flowing as an open channel are spectacular in their construction, such as the Pont du Gard, Segovia, and Aquila aqueducts.

Task:

1. Create a small inventory of the 5 most prominent and well-known aqueducts around to this day (you make a decision on what the criteria are for the selection of the 5). Come up with some describing parameters (for sure show an image or two) such as location, total length, capacity, year of built, special features, how many bridges, building materials, etc. Be creative and decide on your own what you want to tell about them.

2. Pick one of them and carry out a hydraulic analysis. I am interested here in typical characteristics such as discharge capacity, slopes, cross sections, but also operation: how did you get the water into the aqueduct, control structures, terminal end structures, Manning’s “n”, ... But also how they were lined, how gaps between construction elements were sealed so no seepage (or losses) would occur. It would also be great if you could treat the aqueduct as a chain of: uniform, rapidly (around controls), and gradually varied flow sections. Carry out a few analyses steps and report on what happens to energy and friction grade lines in these sections, preferably of the entire length of the aqueduct.

Read the PROBLEM SOLVING Case “Wanted by Honda: Engineers Who Love Small-Town Living”

Although the U.S.-based Big Three automakers General Motors, Ford, and Chrysler have announced cutbacks and layoffs recently, some auto companies are still hiring. Toyota, Nissan, Honda, and other companies have set up opera- tions in the United States. While they employ far fewer in the United States than the Big Three, their ranks are growing. Nearly one out of four jobs with auto companies in the United States are with companies other than the Big Three. Honda R&D Americas recently told a reporter that it was adding about 100 employees a year and had 50 positions it was trying to fill with engineers.
To staff those positions, Honda faces a chal- lenge: its location. The Honda research and development facility is located in an out-of-the- way spot in Ohio, the town of Raymond, located about 60 miles northwest of Columbus. Most automotive research facilities in the United States are located near Detroit, because so much of the industry talent lives and works in that area. The Honda plant sits on an 8,000- acre plot of land along with the company’s Transportation Research Center, and Honda operates two assembly plants in nearby Marysville and East Liberty. Surrounding this complex are cornfields.
Because of its location, Honda does not seek most of its recruits from other auto companies. It hires local residents to fill manufacturing jobs, and for engineers, it turns to schools in the region to find recent graduates. Carol Hadden, who
manages human resources, says one good source of engineering recruits has been Ohio State University.
Knowing that small-town life does not appeal to many recent grads, Honda requires applicants to visit the Raymond site for their first interview. Allen explains, “We make them come here to make sure they know where we are.” Those who look around and like the location have a better chance of being enthusiastic about a career at Honda R&D.

Questions –

Suggest three ways Honda R&D Americas could recruit engineers to fill jobs at its research and development facility in Raymond, Ohio.

If you were interviewing a candidate for a job at this facility, what would you ask to determine whether the candidate would be satisfied to stay at Honda?

How would Honda R&D’s emphasis on recruiting recent graduates, rather than experienced automotive engineers, affect your job if you were the supervisor of these employees? Would you want Honda to change its recruiting strategy? Why or why not?

12. An agricultural research company has developed two new types of soy bean seeds, call them "seed A" and "seed B". A study is conducted to determine which will produce a higher mean yield. To test the two types of seed, 20 similar plots of land were randomly placed into one of two groups. One group of ten plots was planted with "seed A", while the other ten plots were planted with "seed B". The yield of each field, in bushels per acre, was recorded in the table below.

1. Conduct a hypothesis test at a 0.050.05 level of significance to determine if the two types of soy beans produce different mean yields.

The test statistic is ________________________
The p-value is____________________________

Construct a 9595% confidence interval for the mean of the differences. Hint: with the data in your lists, use the two-independent sample t-INTERVAL option on your calculator.
__________________to________________________

13. A company owns 9 trucks of various makes and models. The manager recently heard that inflating tires with nitrogen may provide slightly better gas mileage. The manager wants to determine if there is a noticeable increase in the mean gas mileage for the 9 trucks when nitrogen is utilized. Over a period of time, a test is run in which the gas mileage of each truck is recorded both with and without nitrogen in the tires. The gas mileages of the 15 trucks with and without nitrogen in the tires are recorded here. (data is in miles per gallon)

(b) The test statistic is_____________________

(c) The p-value is________________________

14. A professor of nursing wonders if the female nursing students are more likely to drop out of a nursing program than the male nursing students. To check her intuition, several nursing programs are compiled and random samples of both male and female nursing students are selected. Of the 200 male nursing students selected, 17 of them did not attain their nursing degree. Of the 700 female nursing students selected, 68 of them did not attain their nursing degree. Test the claim that the proportion of females not completing their degree is higher than the proportion of males using a level of significance of 0.05.
The test statistic is _________________
The p-value is ____________________

Consider Commerce Clause, Dormant Commerce Clause, Supremacy & Preemption legal theory Golden is a privately-owned company engaged in the business of disposing toxic waste generated by mining companies. Golden operates pursuant to a license issued by the state of Alpha. This license authorizes Golden to contract with miners to provide the following services: (i) collection of toxic waste at mine sites, and (ii) transportation of that waste to Golden's disposal station, which is in Alpha, three miles from the border with the state of Beta. In accordance with the authority granted by its license for the past 10 years Golden has contracted to provide services to miners in Alpha. Recently, Golden expanded its business to serve the miners in Beta and emerging battery businesses across the border in Beta. Shortly after Golden extended its services to the Beta miners and plants, the residents of the town from which the toxic waste disposal station operates started complaining about the rash of skin irritations, and increased illness. Prior to Golden's expansion of service to the State of Beta miners and the battery business, the U.S. Congress has passed legislation promulgating standards for safe disposal of toxic materials including batteries. The residents petitioned the State of Alpha to close Golden's disposal station. Golden objected. The Commissioner held open hearings. Following the hearings, the state issued an order that the use of Golden's disposal station would be limited to toxic waste from Alpha miners only. The Beta miners and battery businesses were barred from disposing of their toxic waste through Golden. Both Golden and the State of Beta have filed suit against State of Alpha seeking to rescind the order. Develop an IRAC for the constitutional legal issues. Use proper labels for all parts of IRAC ISSUE: Single sentence which links parties and legal issue through a triggering fact. RULE: Start with a General rule statement and expand outward to include elements of each rule. This may take several paragraphs to present a logical and clear progression of the rule. ANALYSIS: Present a fact summary which allows you to develop your analysis of how the rules and elements of law apply to the facts of this case. This is a logical process proceeding through rules and facts so that there is a thorough understanding of the application of law. Prior case law is cited and explained to support your analysis. CONCLUSION: A single sentence answering the question raised in the Issue Statement along with a because statement which provides a fact pivotal to the conclusion of legal application.