The comparative balance sheets for 2021 and 2020 and the income statement for 2021 are given below for Arduous Company. Additional information from Arduous’s accounting records is provided also.

Additional information from the accounting records:

1. Investment revenue includes Arduous Company’s $12 million share of the net income of Demur Company, an equity method investee.
2. Treasury bills were sold during 2021 at a gain of $3 million. Arduous Company classifies its investments in Treasury bills as cash equivalents.
3. Equipment originally costing $80 million that was one-half depreciated was rendered unusable by a flood. Most major components of the equipment were unharmed and were sold for $12 million.
4. Temporary differences between pretax accounting income and taxable income caused the deferred tax liability to increase by $8 million.
5. The preferred stock of Tory Corporation was purchased for $30 million as a long-term investment.
6. Land costing $52 million was acquired by issuing $26 million cash and a 10%, four-year, $26 million note payable to the seller.
7. The right to use a building was acquired with a 15-year lease agreement; present value of lease payments, $94 million. Annual lease payments of $7 million are paid at the beginning of each year starting January 1, 2021.
8. $65 million of bonds were retired at maturity.
9. In February, Arduous issued a stock dividend (6.0 million shares). The market price of the $5 par value common stock was $7.50 per share at that time.
10. In April, 1 million shares of common stock were repurchased as treasury stock at a cost of $14 million.

Required:
Prepare the statement of cash flows for Arduous Company using the indirect method. (Amounts to be deducted should be indicated with a minus sign. Enter your answers in millions (i.e., 10,000,000 should be entered as 10).)

he comparative balance sheets for 2021 and 2020 and the income statement for 2021 are given below for Arduous Company. Additional information from Arduous’s accounting records is provided also.

Additional information from the accounting records:

1. Investment revenue includes Arduous Company’s $15 million share of the net income of Demur Company, an equity method investee.
2. Treasury bills were sold during 2021 at a gain of $1 million. Arduous Company classifies its investments in Treasury bills as cash equivalents.
3. Equipment originally costing $90 million that was one-half depreciated was rendered unusable by a flood. Most major components of the equipment were unharmed and were sold for $20 million.
4. Temporary differences between pretax accounting income and taxable income caused the deferred tax liability to increase by $13 million.
5. The preferred stock of Tory Corporation was purchased for $35 million as a long-term investment.
6. Land costing $56 million was acquired by issuing $28 million cash and a 10%, four-year, $28 million note payable to the seller.
7. The right to use a building was acquired with a 15-year lease agreement; present value of lease payments, $98 million. Annual lease payments of $6 million are paid at the beginning of each year starting January 1, 2021.
8. $70 million of bonds were retired at maturity.
9. In February, Arduous issued a stock dividend (8.0 million shares). The market price of the $5 par value common stock was $7.50 per share at that time.
10. In April, 1 million shares of common stock were repurchased as treasury stock at a cost of $19 million.

Required:
Prepare the statement of cash flows for Arduous Company using the indirect method. (Amounts to be deducted should be indicated with a minus sign. Enter your answers in millions (i.e., 10,000,000 should be entered as 10).)

1. If a monopolistic competitive firm raises its price, then a.it should expect to lose all of its customers because there are many other sellers of the product b.this is a trick question because the firm does not have the ability to change its price c.it should expect to lose some but not all of its customers d.it will be able to increase its profits e.it can sell all it wants because it faces a horizontal demand curve

2. Compared to a monopolistic competitor a monopolist produces a good with ____ substitutes and so has a ____ elastic demand curve. A.fewer, more b.fewer, less c.more, more d.more, less

3. The demand curve facing a monopolistic competitive firm will be ____ than the demand curve facing a perfectly competitive firm because the price elasticity of demand for the monopolistic competitive firm’s product is ____ than that for the perfectly competitive firm. A.steeper, greater b.flatter, greater c.steeper, less d.flatter, less

4. The relationship between a monopolistic competitor’s marginal revenue curve and its demand curve is that the a.two curves coincide and are horizontal at the market price b.marginal revenue curve lies above the demand curve and the demand curve is horizontal at the market price c.marginal revenue curve lies below the demand curve and both are downward sloping d.two curves coincide and are downward sloping to the right e.marginal revenue curve lies above the demand curve and both are downward sloping

5. Why cant an economist say for certain that a monopolistic competitive firm will always earn zero economic profits in the long run? A.barriers to entry-exit b.the very large number of buyers indicates that there will always be demand for the firm’s product c.the firms in the industry do not produce identical products d.the firms practice price competition so at least some forms will always be charging a lower price than other firms and will sell more as a result e.the firms face a horizontal demand curve

6. If a perfectly competitive firm and a monopolistic competitor in long-run equilibrium face the same demand and cost curves, then the competitive firm will produce a a.greater output and charge a lower price than the monopolistic competitor. B.greater output but change the same price as the monopolistic competitor. C.greater output and charge a higher price than the monopolistic competitor. D.smaller output and charger a higher price than the monopolistic competitor. E.smaller output and charge a higher price than the monopolistic competitor.

7. Probably the most significant barrier to entry into an oligopolistic market is a.patent rights b.exclusive ownership of essential resources c.legal barriers d.economies of scale e.copyrights

8. A concentration ratio indicates the a.numberof firms in an industry b.number of large firms in an industry compared to the number of large firms in another related industry c.percentage of total sales accounted for by the (for example) four largest firms d.percentage of sellers in an industry relative to the number of buyers e.percentage of sellers in an industry protected by barriers to entry relative to the number of sellers that wish to enter

9. The percentage of sales accounted for by X number of firms in the industry is called the a.concentration ratio b.oligopoly rate c.interdependence rate d.market power index

10. The concentration ratio provides a measure of the extent to which an industry a.produces a useful product b.is dominated by a smaller number of firms c.is earning economic profit d.is earning accounting profits

11. In the real-world which of these industries is most clearly an oligopoly? A.wheat b.electricity generation c.cereal breakfast foods d.restaurants

The profit before tax, as reported in the statement of profit and loss for Aileen Ltd for the year ended 30 June 2020, amounted to $150,000, including the following revenue and expense items:

Revenues

Sales revenue $600,000

Interest revenue 60,000

Government grant 40,000

Expenses

Cost of goods sold 300,000

Bad debts expense 8,000

Depreciation expense – equipment 6,000

Depreciation expense – plant 25,000

Research and development expense 51,000

Wages expense 120,000

Long service leave expense 40,000

The draft statement of financial position of Aileen Ltd at 30 June 2020 and the statement from last year showed the following assets and liabilities:

2019 2020

Assets

Cash $30,000 $30,000

Inventory 100,000 150,000

Accounts receivable 50,000 70,000

Allowance for doubtful debts (5,000) (10,000)

Interest receivable 25,000 20,000

Equipment—cost 30,000 30,000

Accumulated depreciation-equipment (12,000) (18,000)

Plant—cost 500,000 500,000

Accumulated depreciation-plant (50,000) (75,000)

Goodwill 15,000 15,000

Deferred tax asset 33,000, ?

Liabilities

Accounts payable 60,000 40,000

Wages payable 50,000 80,000

Revenue received in advance - , 40,000

Loan payable 200,000 100,000

Provision for long-service leave 40,000 30,000

Deferred tax liability 18,730, ?

Additional information:

In the year ended 30 June 2019, Aileen Ltd had a tax loss of $70,000 that it carried over in the deferred tax asset. In June 2020, the company received an amended assessment for the year ended 30 June 2020 from the ATO, indicating that an amount of $10,000 claimed as a deduction has been disallowed. Aileen Ltd has not yet adjusted its accounts to reflect the amendment. The remaining losses can be used to offset taxable incomes in future periods.

Amounts received from sales, including those on credit terms, are taxed at the time the sale is made. All other general taxation rules apply.

The depreciation regimes for the financial reports and the company income tax return respectively, are listed below.

Depreciation Regimes Equipment Plant Depreciation rate:

All research and development expenses were paid in cash during the year ended 30 June 2020. A tax deduction for development costs of 120% of the $51,000 spent during the year is available

All movements of deferred tax accounts during the year are not yet recongised.

The company tax rate applicable is 30%.

REQUIRED: (a) Determine the taxable profit for the year ended 30 June 2020. Start from the accounting profit before tax and show the adjustments for differences between taxation and accounting rules.

(b) Complete the worksheet on the additional page provided to determine the movements in the deferred tax accounts for the year ended 30 June 2020.

(c) Prepare the journal entries to recognise the current tax liability and the final deferred tax adjustments for the year ended 30 June 2020 including the movement during the year due to carry-forward tax loss. Note Aileen Ltd does not set off the deferred tax accounts against each other.

The comparative balance sheets for 2021 and 2020 and the income statement for 2021 are given below for Arduous Company. Additional information from Arduous’s accounting records is provided also.

Additional information from the accounting records:

1. Investment revenue includes Arduous Company’s $10 million share of the net income of Demur Company, an equity method investee.
2. Treasury bills were sold during 2021 at a gain of $4 million. Arduous Company classifies its investments in Treasury bills as cash equivalents.
3. Equipment originally costing $74 million that was one-half depreciated was rendered unusable by a flood. Most major components of the equipment were unharmed and were sold for $15 million.
4. Temporary differences between pretax accounting income and taxable income caused the deferred tax liability to increase by $5 million.
5. The preferred stock of Tory Corporation was purchased for $27 million as a long-term investment.
6. Land costing $48 million was acquired by issuing $24 million cash and a 12%, four-year, $24 million note payable to the seller.
7. The right to use a building was acquired with a 15-year lease agreement; present value of lease payments, $84 million. Annual lease payments of $7 million are paid at the beginning of each year starting January 1, 2021.
8. $62 million of bonds were retired at maturity.
9. In February, Arduous issued dividend (4.8 million shares). The market price of the $5 par value common stock was $7.50 per share at that time.
10. In April, 1 million shares of common stock were repurchased as treasury stock at a cost of $11.00 million.

Required:
Prepare the statement of cash flows of Arduous Company for the year ended December 31, 2021. Present cash flows from operating activities by the direct method. (Do not round your intermediate calculations. Enter your answers in millions (i.e., 10,000,000 should be entered as 10.). Amounts to be deducted should be indicated with a minus sign.)

Glacier Products Inc. is a wholesaler of rock climbing gear. The company began operations on January 1, Year 1. The following transactions relate to securities acquired by Glacier Products Inc., which has a fiscal year ending on December 31:

Required:

1. Journalize the entries to record the preceding transactions. For a compound transaction, if an amount box does not require an entry, leave it blank. In your computations, round per share amounts to two decimal places.

2. Prepare the investment-related asset and stockholders’ equity balance sheet presentation for Glacier Products Inc. on December 31, Year 2, assuming that the Retained Earnings balance on December 31, Year 2, is $518,000.

Citation Builders, Inc., builds office buildings and single-family homes. The office buildings are constructed under contract with reputable buyers. The homes are constructed in developments ranging from 10–20 homes and are typically sold during construction or soon after. To secure the home upon completion, buyers must pay a deposit of 10% of the price of the home with the remaining balance due upon completion of the house and transfer of title. Failure to pay the full amount results in forfeiture of the down payment. Occasionally, homes remain unsold for as long as three months after construction. In these situations, sales price reductions are used to promote the sale.

During 2018, Citation began construction of an office building for Altamont Corporation. The total contract price is $29 million. Costs incurred, estimated costs to complete at year-end, billings, and cash collections for the life of the contract are as follows:

Also during 2018, Citation began a development consisting of 12 identical homes. Citation estimated that each home will sell for $980,000, but individual sales prices are negotiated with buyers. Deposits were received for eight of the homes, three of which were completed during 2018 and paid for in full for $980,000 each by the buyers. The completed homes cost $735,000 each to construct. The construction costs incurred during 2018 for the nine uncompleted homes totaled $4,410,000.

Required:

1. Which method is most equivalent to recognizing revenue at the point of delivery?
2. Answer the following questions assuming that Citation uses the completed contract method for its office building contracts:
2-a. How much revenue related to this contract will Citation report in its 2018 and 2019 income statements?
2-b. What is the amount of gross profit or loss to be recognized for the Altamont contract during 2018 and 2019?
2-c. What will Citation report in its December 31, 2018, balance sheet related to this contract? (Ignore cash.)
3. Answer the following questions assuming that Citation uses the percentage-of-completion method for its office building contracts.
3-a. How much revenue related to this contract will Citation report in its 2018 and 2019 income statements?
3-b. What is the amount of gross profit or loss to be recognized for the Altamont contract during 2018 and 2019?
3-c. What will Citation report in its December 31, 2018, balance sheet related to this contract? (Ignore cash.)
4. Assume the same information for 2018 and 2019, but that as of year-end 2019 the estimated cost to complete the office building is $13,050,000. Citation uses the percentage-of-completion method for its office building contracts.
4-a. How much revenue related to this contract will Citation report in the 2019 income statement?
4-b. What is the amount of gross profit or loss to be recognized for the Altamont contract during 2019?
4-c. What will Citation report in its 2019 balance sheet related to this contract? (Ignore cash.)
5. Which method of accounting should Citation Builders, Inc adopt for its single-family houses?
6. What will Citation report in its 2018 income statement and 2018 balance sheet related to the single-family home business (ignore cash in the balance sheet)?

The comparative balance sheets for 2021 and 2020 and the income statement for 2021 are given below for Arduous Company. Additional information from Arduous’s accounting records is provided also.

Additional information from the accounting records:

1. Investment revenue includes Arduous Company’s $25 million share of the net income of Demur Company, an equity method investee.
2. Treasury bills were sold during 2021 at a gain of $2 million. Arduous Company classifies its investments in Treasury bills as cash equivalents.
3. Equipment originally costing $108 million that was one-half depreciated was rendered unusable by a flood. Most major components of the equipment were unharmed and were sold for $20 million.
4. Temporary differences between pretax accounting income and taxable income caused the deferred tax liability to increase by $22 million.
5. The preferred stock of Tory Corporation was purchased for $44 million as a long-term investment.
6. Land costing $66 million was acquired by issuing $33 million cash and a 10%, four-year, $33 million note payable to the seller.
7. The right to use a building was acquired with a 15-year lease agreement; present value of lease payments, $107 million. Annual lease payments of $6 million are paid at the beginning of each year starting January 1, 2021.
8. $79 million of bonds were retired at maturity.
9. In February, Arduous issued a stock dividend (11.6 million shares). The market price of the $5 par value common stock was $7.50 per share at that time.
10. In April, 1 million shares of common stock were repurchased as treasury stock at a cost of $28 million.

Required:
Prepare the statement of cash flows for Arduous Company using the indirect method. (Amounts to be deducted should be indicated with a minus sign. Enter your answers in millions (i.e., 10,000,000 should be entered as 10).)