Questions
Species-area relationships were assessed for reptile species on two sets of islands in different regions of...

Species-area relationships were assessed for reptile species on two sets of islands in different regions of the Indian Ocean. The estimated parameters were as follows: Region 1: c=1.6, z=0.25; Region 2: c=1.8, z=0.35. It is expected that 40% of the reptile habitat will be lost to development pressure over the next decade.

In which region do you expect the loss of reptile species to be greatest, and by how much? Show your work and explain your answer. (3 pts)

b) A different group of species is then assessed on islands in the first region, and the estimated parameters for this species group are c=2.5, z=0.29. What can you conclude about:

i) species richness of this group relative to the reptiles in this region? Why? (1 pts)

ii) the range size of this group relative to the reptiles in this region? Why? (1 pts)

As the conservation officer for Region 2, you were the person tasked with determining the species-area relationship of reptiles in the region. Explain how you came up with the estimates of c=1.8 and z=0.35 (3 pts)

In: Biology

please write the java code so it can run on jGRASP Thanks! CODE 1 1 /**...

please write the java code so it can run on jGRASP Thanks!

CODE 1

1 /**
2 * SameArray2.java
3 * @author Sherri Vaseashta4 * @version1
5 * @see
6 */
7 import java.util.Scanner;8 public class SameArray29{

10    public static void main(String[] args)
11    {
  1. 12        int[] array1 = {2, 4, 6, 8, 10};
    
  2. 13        int[] array2 = new int[5]; //initializing array2
    

14

  1. 15        //copies the content of array1 and array2
    
  2. 16        for (int arrayCounter = 0; arrayCounter < 5;
    
arrayCounter++)
17       {
18          array2[arrayCounter] = array1[arrayCounter];
19       }
20
21       System.out.println("Array 1" + " " + "Array2");
22
23       for (int counter = 0; counter < 5; counter++)
24       {
25          System.out.println(array1[counter] + "\t\t\t" +
array2[counter]);
26       }
27
  1. 28        //change one of the elements using array1
    
  2. 29        array1[0] = 200;
    

30

  1. 31        //change one of the elements using array2
    
  2. 32        array2[4] = 1000;
    
33
34       System.out.println("Array 1" + " " + "Array2");
35
36       for (int counter = 0; counter < 5; counter++)
37       {
38          System.out.println(array1[counter] + "\t\t\t" +
array2[counter]);
39       }
40
41    }//end of main
42 }//end of class

CODE 2

1 /**
2 * SameArray.java
3 *@author Sherri Vaseashta4 *@version 1
5 @see
6 */
7 import java.util.Scanner;8 public class SameArray9{

10    public static void main(String[] args)
11    {
12
  1. 13        int[] array1 = {2, 4, 6, 8, 10};
    
  2. 14        int[] array2 = array1;  //creates a clone...not a
    
separate array

15

  1. 16        //change one of the elements using array1
    
  2. 17        array1[0] = 200;
    

18

  1. 19        //change one of the elements using array2
    
  2. 20        array2[4] = 1000;
    

21

  1. 22        //Display all the elements in array1
    
  2. 23        System.out.println("The contents of array1:");
    
24
25       for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++)
26       {
27          System.out.println(i + " " + array1[i]);
28       }
29
  1. 30        //Display all the elements in array2
    
  2. 31        System.out.println("The contents of array2:");
    
32
33       for (int counter = 0; counter < 5; counter++)
34       {
35          System.out.println(counter + " " + array2[counter]);
36
37       }
38
39    }//end of main()
40 }//end of class

In: Computer Science

Question 1: (a) A one-year zero coupon bond is currently priced at £96.154 and a two-year...

Question 1:
(a) A one-year zero coupon bond is currently priced at £96.154 and a two-year 10% coupon bond is currently priced at £107.515. Coupons are paid annually, the par value is £100 and all bonds are assumed to be issued by the UK government and are default risk-free. Calculate the one and two-year spot rates.

(b) Consider a three-year 10% annual coupon bond with a par value of £100. The term structure is flat at 6%
(i) Calculate the Macaulay duration and modified duration.
(ii) If the term structure shifts to 8% what is the actual change in the price of the bond? Approximate the change in the price of the bond using duration. How can we make the approximation more accurate?

(c) Bond A is a one-year zero coupon bond and is currently priced at £95.24. Bond B is a two-year 10% annual coupon bond and is currently priced at £107.42. Bond C is a two- year zero coupon bond. All bonds have a par value of £100 and are assumed to be issued by the UK government and are default risk-free. Calculate the the price of Bond C using the replicating portfolio method i.e. use Bond A and Bond B to replicate Bond C’s cash flows (do not calculate the price of Bond C using spot rates).

(d) The one-year spot rate is 3% and the two-year sport rate is 5%. A bond trader wants to invest £100 from t = 1 to t = 2 at the forward rate 1f1. How many units of a one-year zero coupon bond and a two-year zero coupon bond, par values £100, does the trader have to go long or short today, t = 0, to replicate a £100 investment from t = 1 to t = 2 that earns the forward rate 1f1? Show the resultant cash flows at t = 0, t = 1 and t = 2.

Question 2:
(a) Discuss the assumptions of the CAPM. Is a stock with a positive ↵ in relation to the secu- rity market line (SML) underpriced or overpriced? Explain.

(b) A stock is expected to pay its first dividend of £4 five years from today i.e. at t = 5. There- after, the dividend is expected to grow at an annual rate of 10% for the next four years and then grow at a constant rate of 2% per year forever. The appropriate discount rate for the dividends is 10% per year. What is the value of the stock today, t = 0?

(c) You are an investor and you want to form a portfolio that consists of two stocks, Stock A and Stock B, whose returns have the following characteristics:

Stock A Expected Return: 10%
Stock B Expected Return: 20%
Stock A Standard Deviation: 20%
Stock B Standard Deviation: 30%
Correlation Between A and B: 0.4

If you invest 50% of your wealth in Stock A and 50% of your wealth in Stock B what is your portfolio’s expected return and standard deviation? Without doing any calculations do you think your portfolio is the minimum variance portfolio (where the minimum variance portfolio is constructed using only Stock A and Stock B)? Explain.

(d) Now consider a third asset, the risk-free asset to combine with Stock A and Stock B. The risk-free rate has a return of 5%. If you invest 50% in the risk-free asset, 25% in Stock A and 25% in Stock B what is your portfolio’s expected return and standard deviation? Explain using your answer why a risk-averse investor would never want to hold Stock A on its own (i.e. a portfolio that has 100% invested in Stock A).

(e) Now consider only Stock A and Stock B but assume that the correlation between A and B is -1. If you want to construct a portfolio that has a standard deviation of 20% what is the maximum expected return possible? In this portfolio what weight would you have to hold in Stock A and Stock B?

In: Finance

Zoe is trying to decide how to divide her time between her job as a wedding...

Zoe is trying to decide how to divide her time between her job as a wedding photographer, which pays $40 per hour for as many hours as she chooses to work, and as a rock collector, in which case her pay depends both on the price of the rocks and the number of them she finds. These are special rocks so they have value! Earnings aside, Zoe is indifferent between the two jobs.   The number of rocks she can expect to find depends on the number of hours she searches:

Hours per day

Total rocks per day

0

0

1

7

2

13

3

17

4

20

5

21

The marginal cost of spending one hour hunting for rocks is equal to $________ .

If the price per rock is $10 then the marginal benefit of spending one hour hunting for rocks is equal to $______ .

If the price per rock is $20, then her best choice is to spend ______ hours hunting for rocks.

If the price per rock falls to $10 then her best choice is to spend ________ hours hunting for rocks.

In: Economics

The Thomas Supply Company Inc. is a distributor of gas-powered generators. As with any business, the...

The Thomas Supply Company Inc. is a distributor of gas-powered generators. As with any business, the length of time customers take to pay their invoices is important. Listed below, arranged from smallest to largest, is the time, in days, for a sample of the Thomas Supply Company Inc. invoices.

13 13 13 20 26 27 27 32 34 34 35 35 36 37 38 41 41 41 42 44 44 47 48 50 51 55 56 62 67 82

(Round your answers to 2 decimal places.)

Determine the first and third quartiles.

Determine the second decile and the eighth decile.

Determine the 67th Percdntile.

In: Statistics and Probability

The monthly membership fees in £s for 22 health clubs are: 32 43 44 22 73...

The monthly membership fees in £s for 22 health clubs are:

32 43 44 22 73 69 48 67 33 56 67

28 78 60 63 32 67 41 65 48 48 77

(A) Arrange these data into a grouped frequency distribution. Use classes £10 wide starting at £20

(B) The monthly membership fees in £s for 17 fitness centres in local authority leisure centres are :

27 50 44 32 31 55 21 36 24  

56 51 55 32 39 42 28 55

Arrange these data into a grouped frequency distribution using the same classes as in (a)

In: Statistics and Probability

can someone explain why this is wrong: The proportion of middle-aged males and middle-aged females who...

can someone explain why this is wrong: The proportion of middle-aged males and middle-aged females who have committed suicide in 1999 are even and equal (P1=P2). and can you include the Confidence interval, Critical Z, and P-Value?

Middle age= 45-64

Sex and age

Number

Female

10-14

50

15-24

575

22-44

2,359

45-64

1,868

65-74

420

75 and over

469

Sex and age

Number

Male

10-14

192

15-24

3,326

22-44

9,213

45-64

6,109

65-74

2,051

75 and over

2,549

In: Statistics and Probability

A full-service car wash has an automated exterior conveyor car wash system that does the initial...

A full-service car wash has an automated exterior conveyor car wash system that does the initial cleaning in a few minutes. However, once the car is through the system, car wash workers hand clean the inside and the outside of the car for approximately 15 to 25 additional minutes. There are enough workers to handle four cars at once during this stage. On a busy day with good weather, the car wash can handle up to 150 cars in a 12-hour time period. However, on rainy days or on certain days of the year, business is slow. Suppose 50 days of work are randomly sampled from the car wash’s records and the number of cars washed each day is recorded. A stem-and-leaf plot of this output is constructed and is given below. Study the plot and write a few sentences describing the number of cars washed per day over this period of work. Note that the stem-and-leaf display is from Minitab, the stems are in the middle column, each leaf is only one digit and is shown in the right column, and the numbers in the left column are cumulative frequencies up to the median and then decumulative thereafter.

STEM-AND-LEAF DISPLAY: CARS WASHED PER DAY
Stem-and-leaf of Cars Washed Per Day N = 50 Leaf Unit = 1.0
      Stem Leaf
3 2 399
9 3 144778
15 4 015689
18 5 378
21 6 223
24 7 457
(3) 8 112
23 9 05
21 10 1234578
14 11 466
11 12 01467
6 13 37
4 14 1457


From the stem and leaf display, the original raw data can be obtained. For example, the fewest number of cars washed on any given day are ____. The most cars washed on any given day are _____. The modal stems are 3, 4, and 10 in which there are ___ days with each of these numbers. Studying the left column of the Minitab output, it is evident that the median number of cars washed is ____. There are only ___ days in which 90 some cars are washed (90 and 95) and only _____ days in which 130 some cars are washed (133 and 137).

In: Statistics and Probability

A 3-month call option on a stock trades at $4.00. A 3-month put option on the...

A 3-month call option on a stock trades at $4.00. A 3-month put option on the same stock trades at $1.50. The current stock price is $40 and the strike price for both options is $38. Assume you buy one call and one put option. Create a table of profits at maturity of the call, the put and the combined position. Use price range of $20 to $50 in increments of $5.

In: Finance

In what follows use any of the following tests/procedures: Regression, multiple regressions, confidence intervals, one-sided t-test...

In what follows use any of the following tests/procedures: Regression, multiple regressions, confidence intervals, one-sided t-test or two-sided t-test. All the procedures should be done with 5% P-value or 95% confidence interval

Upload CARS data. https://www.limes.one/Content/DataFiles/cars04.txt

SETUP: It is believed that Jaguars’ Highway mileage is different from that of Mercedes. Given the data your job is to confirm or disprove this belief. (CAREFULL: sort the data in order to extract the needed information).

5. What test/procedure did you perform?

  • a. One-sided t-test
  • b. Two-sided t-test
  • c. Regression
  • d. ​​Confidence interval

6. What is the P-value/margin of error?

  • a. 0.101079174
  • b. 1.443714665
  • c. 0.050539587
  • d. 8.065421
  • e. ​​None of these

7. Statistical Interpretation

  • a. Since P-value is very small we are confident that the average mpg is above 20.
  • b. Since P-value is large we cannot claim that the averages are different.
  • c. Since P-value is very small we are confident that the slope of regression line is not zero.
  • d. ​​None of these.

8. Conclusion

  • a. Yes, I am confident that the above claim is correct.
  • b. No, we cannot claim that the above claim is correct.

In: Statistics and Probability