Problem 10-15 Comprehensive Variance Analysis [LO10-1, LO10-2, LO10-3]

Miller Toy Company manufactures a plastic swimming pool at its Westwood Plant. The plant has been experiencing problems as shown by its June contribution format income statement below:

*Contains direct materials, direct labor, and variable manufacturing overhead.

Janet Dunn, who has just been appointed general manager of the Westwood Plant, has been given instructions to “get things under control.” Upon reviewing the plant’s income statement, Ms. Dunn has concluded that the major problem lies in the variable cost of goods sold. She has been provided with the following standard cost per swimming pool:

*Based on machine-hours.

During June, the plant produced 6,000 pools and incurred the following costs:

Purchased 25,400 pounds of materials at a cost of $2.45 per pound.

Used 20,200 pounds of materials in production. (Finished goods and work in process inventories are insignificant and can be ignored.)

Worked 2,400 direct labor-hours at a cost of $7.20 per hour.

Incurred variable manufacturing overhead cost totaling $5,100 for the month. A total of 1,500 machine-hours was recorded.

It is the company’s policy to close all variances to cost of goods sold on a monthly basis.

Required:

1. Compute the following variances for June:

a. Materials price and quantity variances.

b. Labor rate and efficiency variances.

c. Variable overhead rate and efficiency variances.

2. Summarize the variances that you computed in (1) above by showing the net overall favorable or unfavorable variance for the month.

Miller Toy Company manufactures a plastic swimming pool at its Westwood Plant. The plant has been experiencing problems as shown by its June contribution format income statement below:

*Contains direct materials, direct labor, and variable manufacturing overhead.

Janet Dunn, who has just been appointed general manager of the Westwood Plant, has been given instructions to “get things under control.” Upon reviewing the plant’s income statement, Ms. Dunn has concluded that the major problem lies in the variable cost of goods sold. She has been provided with the following standard cost per swimming pool:

*Based on machine-hours.

During June, the plant produced 8,000 pools and incurred the following costs:

1. Purchased 29,000 pounds of materials at a cost of $2.95 per pound.

2. Used 23,800 pounds of materials in production. (Finished goods and work in process inventories are insignificant and can be ignored.)

3. Worked 3,800 direct labor-hours at a cost of $6.80 per hour.

4. Incurred variable manufacturing overhead cost totaling $8,100 for the month. A total of 2,700 machine-hours was recorded.

It is the company’s policy to close all variances to cost of goods sold on a monthly basis.

Required:

1. Compute the following variances for June:

a. Materials price and quantity variances.

b. Labor rate and efficiency variances.

c. Variable overhead rate and efficiency variances.

2. Summarize the variances that you computed in (1) above by showing the net overall favorable or unfavorable variance for the month.

Problem 10-15 Comprehensive Variance Analysis [LO10-1, LO10-2, LO10-3]

Miller Toy Company manufactures a plastic swimming pool at its Westwood Plant. The plant has been experiencing problems as shown by its June contribution format income statement below:

*Contains direct materials, direct labor, and variable manufacturing overhead.

Janet Dunn, who has just been appointed general manager of the Westwood Plant, has been given instructions to “get things under control.” Upon reviewing the plant’s income statement, Ms. Dunn has concluded that the major problem lies in the variable cost of goods sold. She has been provided with the following standard cost per swimming pool:

*Based on machine-hours.

During June, the plant produced 7,000 pools and incurred the following costs:

1. Purchased 33,000 pounds of materials at a cost of $2.85 per pound.

2. Used 27,800 pounds of materials in production. (Finished goods and work in process inventories are insignificant and can be ignored.)

3. Worked 2,700 direct labor-hours at a cost of $6.70 per hour.

4. Incurred variable manufacturing overhead cost totaling $4,930 for the month. A total of 1,700 machine-hours was recorded.

It is the company’s policy to close all variances to cost of goods sold on a monthly basis.

Required:

1. Compute the following variances for June:

a. Materials price and quantity variances.

b. Labor rate and efficiency variances.

c. Variable overhead rate and efficiency variances.

2. Summarize the variances that you computed in (1) above by showing the net overall favorable or unfavorable variance for the month.

Flexible Budgeting and Variance Analysis

I Love My Chocolate Company makes dark chocolate and light chocolate. Both products require cocoa and sugar. The following planning information has been made available:

I Love My Chocolate Company does not expect there to be any beginning or ending inventories of cocoa or sugar. At the end of the budget year, I Love My Chocolate Company had the following actual results:

Required:

1. Prepare the following variance analyses for both chocolates and the total, based on the actual results and production levels at the end of the budget year:

     a. Direct materials price variance, direct materials quantity variance, and total variance.

     b. Direct labor rate variance, direct labor time variance, and total variance.

Enter a favorable variance as a negative number using a minus sign and an unfavorable variance as a positive number. If there is no variance, enter a zero.

2. The variance analyses should be based on the ---- amounts at ------- volumes. The budget must flex with the volume changes. If the ----- volume is different from the planned volume, as it was in this case, then the budget used for performance evaluation should reflect the change in direct materials and direct labor that will be required for the----- production. In this way, spending from volume changes can be separated from efficiency and price variances.

DataSpan, Inc., automated its plant at the start of the current year and installed a flexible manufacturing system. The company is also evaluating its suppliers and moving toward Lean Production. Many adjustment problems have been encountered, including problems relating to performance measurement. After much study, the company has decided to use the performance measures below, and it has gathered data relating to these measures for the first four months of operations.

Management has asked for your help in computing throughput time, delivery cycle time, and MCE. The following average times have been logged over the last four months:

Required:

1-a. Compute the throughput time for each month.

1-b. Compute the delivery cycle time for each month.

1-c. Compute the manufacturing cycle efficiency (MCE) for each month.

2. Evaluate the company’s performance over the last four months.

3-a. Refer to the move time, process time, and so forth, given for month 4. Assume that in month 5 the move time, process time, and so forth, are the same as in month 4, except that through the use of Lean Production the company is able to completely eliminate the queue time during production. Compute the new throughput time and MCE.

3-b. Refer to the move time, process time, and so forth, given for month 4. Assume in month 6 that the move time, process time, and so forth, are again the same as in month 4, except that the company is able to completely eliminate both the queue time during production and the inspection time. Compute the new throughput time and MCE.

DataSpan, Inc., automated its plant at the start of the current year and installed a flexible manufacturing system. The company is also evaluating its suppliers and moving toward Lean Production. Many adjustment problems have been encountered, including problems relating to performance measurement. After much study, the company has decided to use the performance measures below, and it has gathered data relating to these measures for the first four months of operations.

Management has asked for your help in computing throughput time, delivery cycle time, and MCE. The following average times have been logged over the last four months:

Required:

1-a. Compute the throughput time for each month.

1-b. Compute the delivery cycle time for each month.

1-c. Compute the manufacturing cycle efficiency (MCE) for each month.

2. Evaluate the company’s performance over the last four months.

3-a. Refer to the move time, process time, and so forth, given for month 4. Assume that in month 5 the move time, process time, and so forth, are the same as in month 4, except that through the use of Lean Production the company is able to completely eliminate the queue time during production. Compute the new throughput time and MCE.

3-b. Refer to the move time, process time, and so forth, given for month 4. Assume in month 6 that the move time, process time, and so forth, are again the same as in month 4, except that the company is able to completely eliminate both the queue time during production and the inspection time. Compute the new throughput time and MCE.

Flexible Budgeting and Variance Analysis

I Love My Chocolate Company makes dark chocolate and light chocolate. Both products require cocoa and sugar. The following planning information has been made available:

Standard Amount per Case

Dark Chocolate Light Chocolate Standard Price per Pound

Cocoa 9 lbs. 6 lbs. $4.40

Sugar 7 lbs. 11 lbs. 0.60

Standard labor time 0.3 hr. 0.4 hr.

Dark Chocolate Light Chocolate

Planned production 5,500 cases 10,400 cases

Standard labor rate $15.50 per hr. $15.50 per hr.

I Love My Chocolate Company does not expect there to be any beginning or ending inventories of cocoa or sugar. At the end of the budget year, I Love My Chocolate Company had the following actual results:

Dark Chocolate Light Chocolate

Actual production (cases) 5,200 10,800

Actual Price per Pound Actual Pounds Purchased and Used

Cocoa $4.50 112,200

Sugar 0.55 151,300

Actual Labor Rate Actual Labor Hours Used

Dark chocolate $15.00 per hr. 1,420

Light chocolate 16.00 per hr. 4,430 Required:

1. Prepare the following variance analyses for both chocolates and the total, based on the actual results and production levels at the end of the budget year:

a. Direct materials price variance, direct materials quantity variance, and total variance.

b. Direct labor rate variance, direct labor time variance, and total variance.

Enter a favorable variance as a negative number using a minus sign and an unfavorable variance as a positive number.

a. Direct materials price variance $ ?? Unfavorable

Direct materials quantity variance $ ??   Unfavorable

Total direct materials cost variance $ ?? Unfavorable

b. Direct labor rate variance $ ?? Unfavorable

Direct labor time variance $ ?? Favorable

Total direct labor cost variance $ ?? Unfavorable

2. The variance analyses should be based on the standard amounts at actual volumes. The budget must flex with the volume changes. If the actual volume is different from the planned volume, as it was in this case, then the budget used for performance evaluation should reflect the change in direct materials and direct labor that will be required for the actual production. In this way, spending from volume changes can be separated from efficiency and price variances.

Miller Toy Company manufactures a plastic swimming pool at its Westwood Plant. The plant has been experiencing problems as shown by its June contribution format income statement below:

*Contains direct materials, direct labor, and variable manufacturing overhead.

Janet Dunn, who has just been appointed general manager of the Westwood Plant, has been given instructions to “get things under control.” Upon reviewing the plant’s income statement, Ms. Dunn has concluded that the major problem lies in the variable cost of goods sold. She has been provided with the following standard cost per swimming pool:

*Based on machine-hours.

During June the plant produced 8,000 pools and incurred the following costs:

1. Purchased 29,000 pounds of materials at a cost of $2.95 per pound.

2. Used 23,800 pounds of materials in production. (Finished goods and work in process inventories are insignificant and can be ignored.)

3. Worked 3,800 direct labor-hours at a cost of $6.80 per hour.

4. Incurred variable manufacturing overhead cost totaling $8,100 for the month. A total of 2,700 machine-hours was recorded.

It is the company’s policy to close all variances to cost of goods sold on a monthly basis.

Required:

1. Compute the following variances for June:

a. Materials price and quantity variances.

b. Labor rate and efficiency variances.

c. Variable overhead rate and efficiency variances.

2. Summarize the variances that you computed in (1) above by showing the net overall favorable or unfavorable variance for the month.

DataSpan, Inc., automated its plant at the start of the current year and installed a flexible manufacturing system. The company is also evaluating its suppliers and moving toward Lean Production. Many adjustment problems have been encountered, including problems relating to performance measurement. After much study, the company has decided to use the performance measures below, and it has gathered data relating to these measures for the first four months of operations.

Management has asked for your help in computing throughput time, delivery cycle time, and MCE. The following average times have been logged over the last four months:

Required:

1- Compute the throughput time for each month. Compute the delivery cycle time for each month. Compute the manufacturing cycle efficiency (MCE) for each month.

2. Evaluate the company’s performance over the last four months.

3-a. Refer to the move time, process time, and so forth, given for month 4. Assume that in month 5 the move time, process time, and so forth, are the same as in month 4, except that through the use of Lean Production the company is able to completely eliminate the queue time during production. Compute the new throughput time and MCE.

3-b. Refer to the move time, process time, and so forth, given for month 4. Assume in month 6 that the move time, process time, and so forth, are again the same as in month 4, except that the company is able to completely eliminate both the queue time during production and the inspection time. Compute the new throughput time and MCE.

1a. Suppose that the current one-year rate (one-year spot rate) and expected one-year T-bill rates over the following three years (i.e., years 2, 3, and 4, respectively) are as follows:

₁R₁ = 0.3%, E(₂r ₁) = 1.3%, E(₃r₁) = 10.4%, E(₄r₁) = 10.75%

Using the unbiased expectations theory, calculate the current (long-term) rates for one-, two-, three-, and four-year-maturity Treasury securities. (Round your answers to 3 decimal places. (e.g., 32.161))

1b.The Wall Street Journal reports that the rate on four-year Treasury securities is 1.3 percent and the rate on five-year Treasury securities is 2.8 percent. According to the unbiased expectations hypotheses, what does the market expect the one-year Treasury rate to be four years from today, E(₅r₁)? (Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answer to 2 decimal places. (e.g., 32.16))

1c.Assume the current interest rate on a one-year Treasury bond (₁R₁) is 1.69 percent, the current rate on a two-year Treasury bond (₁R₂) is 1.85 percent, and the current rate on a three-year Treasury bond (₁R₃) is 1.96 percent. If the unbiased expectations theory of the term structure of interest rates is correct, what is the one-year interest rate expected on T-bills during year 3 (E(₃r₁) or ₃f₁)? (Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answer to 2 decimal places. (e.g., 32.16))

1d.Calculate the future value of the following annuity streams:

a. $8,000 received each year for 5 years on the last day of each year if your investments pay 6 percent compounded annually.
b. $8,000 received each quarter for 5 years on the last day of each quarter if your investments pay 6 percent compounded quarterly.
c. $8,000 received each year for 5 years on the first day of each year if your investments pay 6 percent compounded annually.
d. $8,000 received each quarter for 5 years on the first day of each quarter if your investments pay 6 percent compounded quarterly.
  
(For all requirements, do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answers to 2 decimal places. (e.g., 32.16))

a. Future Value:

b. Future Value:

c. Future Value:

d. Future Value: