JAVA programming Classwork- please answer all prompts as apart of one java programming project

Part A

Add to your project this class Position, which has x and y coordinates.

Create an abstract class GameElt, which has a String name, an int health (keep it in the range 0 to 100) and a Position pos.

For GameElt, include a default constructor that starts pos at (0, 0), and a parameterized constructor that takes x and y coordinates and a name. health should always start at 100.

Create a class BigDarnHero which inherits from GameElt. Override toString so that when we print a hero, we see something like "Thondar the Hero (3, 17)" based on the name and the position. Other than toString and two constructors taking the same parameters as in GameElt, you do not need to add anything else for this class at this time.

Part B

☑ Create an interface MoveStrategy which requires methods

• void move(Position p, String direction)
• boolean chanceToFall()

The idea is that moving in a given direction will change the given position, and chanceToFall will return true if a fall happened or false otherwise. How this happens will depend on the implementation in the actual classes.

Moving North or South will change the Y coordinate (vertical movement) moving East or West will change the X coordinate (horizontal movement). Direction will be passed as "N", "S", "E", or "W".

☑ Write a class WalkMoveStrategy which implements MoveStrategy. When walking, the position changes by 1 in the direction chosen, and a message like "Walking from (7,1) to (7, 2)." should also be printed out.

People who are walking have a 1 in 20 chance of falling. In chanceToFall choose a random number and use it to determine if chanceToFall returns true.

You do not need to add anything other than the methods to implement the strategy, not even a constructor

☑ Change GameElt so that it also has an instance variable moveStrat of type MoveStrategy.

Add to GameElt a method move(direction) which calls moveStrat's move method, passing it the direction given and GameElt's pos instance variable. Then call chanceToFall and if the GameElt fell while moving, print a statement about this and reduce health by 5.

☑ In all constructors for BigDarnHero, set the MoveStrategy to a new instance of WalkMoveStrategy.

☑ In a main program, create a BigDarnHero named "Mighty Thog" at (5, 3) and have them walk three moves north and one west. Print the hero before they move, and again after they have moved.

Part C

☑ Add another class RunMoveStrategy which implements MoveStrategy, and whose move method changes the position by 5 in the direction given, as well as printing something like "Running from (9, 3) to (4, 3). Boy my mighty thews are tired."

People who run have a 1 in 10 chance of falling.

☑ To BigDarnHero, add a method speedUp() which changes the hero's MoveStrategy to a RunMoveStrategy, and a method slowDown which changes the MoveStrategy to a WalkMoveStrategy.

☑ In the main program, have Mighty Thog move around, speed up, move around, slow down, and move around again.

Part D

☑ Add another strategy for movement, RandomCursedMoveStrategy, which changes the position by a random amount in a random direction, no matter what direction is passed in, and prints out something like "Truly, I am accursed and shall never get to class on time".

People moving by this strategy have a 50/50 chance of falling and hurting themselves.

In the main program, create a hero, set this as their movement strategy, and add some movement for them.

Problem 6-25 Changes in Fixed and Variable Costs; Break-Even and Target Profit Analysis [LO6-4, LO6-5, LO6-6]

Neptune Company produces toys and other items for use in beach and resort areas. A small, inflatable toy has come onto the market that the company is anxious to produce and sell. The new toy will sell for $2.60 per unit. Enough capacity exists in the company’s plant to produce 30,300 units of the toy each month. Variable expenses to manufacture and sell one unit would be $1.66, and fixed expenses associated with the toy would total $42,223 per month.

The company's Marketing Department predicts that demand for the new toy will exceed the 30,300 units that the company is able to produce. Additional manufacturing space can be rented from another company at a fixed expense of $2,111 per month. Variable expenses in the rented facility would total $1.82 per unit, due to somewhat less efficient operations than in the main plant.

Required:

1. What is the monthly break-even point for the new toy in unit sales and dollar sales.

2. How many units must be sold each month to attain a target profit of $9,594 per month?

3. If the sales manager receives a bonus of 25 cents for each unit sold in excess of the break-even point, how many units must be sold each month to attain a target profit that equals a 23% return on the monthly investment in fixed expenses?

(For all requirments, Round "per unit" to 2 decimal places, intermediate and final answers to the nearest whole number.)

Problem 6-25 Changes in Fixed and Variable Costs; Break-Even and Target Profit Analysis [LO6-4, LO6-5, LO6-6]

Neptune Company produces toys and other items for use in beach and resort areas. A small, inflatable toy has come onto the market that the company is anxious to produce and sell. The new toy will sell for $2.90 per unit. Enough capacity exists in the company’s plant to produce 30,500 units of the toy each month. Variable expenses to manufacture and sell one unit would be $1.84, and fixed expenses associated with the toy would total $47,995 per month.

The company's Marketing Department predicts that demand for the new toy will exceed the 30,500 units that the company is able to produce. Additional manufacturing space can be rented from another company at a fixed expense of $2,400 per month. Variable expenses in the rented facility would total $2.03 per unit, due to somewhat less efficient operations than in the main plant.

Required:

1. What is the monthly break-even point for the new toy in unit sales and dollar sales.

2. How many units must be sold each month to attain a target profit of $11,136 per month?

3. If the sales manager receives a bonus of 15 cents for each unit sold in excess of the break-even point, how many units must be sold each month to attain a target profit that equals a 24% return on the monthly investment in fixed expenses?

Problem 5-29 (Algo) Changes in Cost Structure; Break-Even Analysis; Operating Leverage; Margin of Safety [LO5-4, LO5-5, LO5-7, LO5-8]

Morton Company’s contribution format income statement for last month is given below:

The industry in which Morton Company operates is quite sensitive to cyclical movements in the economy. Thus, profits vary considerably from year to year according to general economic conditions. The company has a large amount of unused capacity and is studying ways of improving profits.

Required:

1. New equipment has come onto the market that would allow Morton Company to automate a portion of its operations. Variable expenses would be reduced by $6.90 per unit. However, fixed expenses would increase to a total of $596,160 each month. Prepare two contribution format income statements, one showing present operations and one showing how operations would appear if the new equipment is purchased.

2. Refer to the income statements in (1). For the present operations and the proposed new operations, compute (a) the degree of operating leverage, (b) the break-even point in dollar sales, and (c) the margin of safety in dollars and the margin of safety percentage.

3. Refer again to the data in (1). As a manager, what factor would be paramount in your mind in deciding whether to purchase the new equipment? (Assume that enough funds are available to make the purchase.)

4. Refer to the original data. Rather than purchase new equipment, the marketing manager argues that the company’s marketing strategy should be changed. Rather than pay sales commissions, which are currently included in variable expenses, the company would pay salespersons fixed salaries and would invest heavily in advertising. The marketing manager claims this new approach would increase unit sales by 30% without any change in selling price; the company’s new monthly fixed expenses would be $422,832; and its net operating income would increase by 20%. Compute the company's break-even point in dollar sales under the new marketing

Problem 5-29 (Algo) Changes in Cost Structure; Break-Even Analysis; Operating Leverage; Margin of Safety [LO5-4, LO5-5, LO5-7, LO5-8]

Morton Company’s contribution format income statement for last month is given below:

The industry in which Morton Company operates is quite sensitive to cyclical movements in the economy. Thus, profits vary considerably from year to year according to general economic conditions. The company has a large amount of unused capacity and is studying ways of improving profits.

Required:

1. New equipment has come onto the market that would allow Morton Company to automate a portion of its operations. Variable expenses would be reduced by $6.90 per unit. However, fixed expenses would increase to a total of $596,160 each month. Prepare two contribution format income statements, one showing present operations and one showing how operations would appear if the new equipment is purchased.

2. Refer to the income statements in (1). For the present operations and the proposed new operations, compute (a) the degree of operating leverage, (b) the break-even point in dollar sales, and (c) the margin of safety in dollars and the margin of safety percentage.

3. Refer again to the data in (1). As a manager, what factor would be paramount in your mind in deciding whether to purchase the new equipment? (Assume that enough funds are available to make the purchase.)

4. Refer to the original data. Rather than purchase new equipment, the marketing manager argues that the company’s marketing strategy should be changed. Rather than pay sales commissions, which are currently included in variable expenses, the company would pay salespersons fixed salaries and would invest heavily in advertising. The marketing manager claims this new approach would increase unit sales by 30% without any change in selling price; the company’s new monthly fixed expenses would be $422,832; and its net operating income would increase by 20%. Compute the company's break-even point in dollar sales under the new marketing strategy.

Problem 5-25A Changes in Fixed and Variable Expenses; Break-Even and Target Profit Analysis [LO5-4, LO5-5, LO5-6] Neptune Company produces toys and other items for use in beach and resort areas. A small, inflatable toy has come onto the market that the company is anxious to produce and sell. The new toy will sell for $2.50 per unit. Enough capacity exists in the company’s plant to produce 30,700 units of the toy each month. Variable expenses to manufacture and sell one unit would be $1.60, and fixed expenses associated with the toy would total $40,945 per month. The company's Marketing Department predicts that demand for the new toy will exceed the 30,700 units that the company is able to produce. Additional manufacturing space can be rented from another company at a fixed expense of $2,047 per month. Variable expenses in the rented facility would total $1.75 per unit, due to somewhat less efficient operations than in the main plant. 1. Compute the monthly break-even point for the new toy in unit sales and in dollar sales. (Round "per unit" to 2 decimal places, intermediate and final answers to the nearest whole number.) 2. How many units must be sold each month to make a monthly profit of $9,600? (Round "per unit" to 2 decimal places, intermediate and final answer to the nearest whole number.) 3. If the sales manager receives a bonus of 15 cents for each unit sold in excess of the break-even point, how many units must be sold each month to earn a return of 22% on the monthly investment in fixed expenses? (Round "per unit" to 2 decimal places, intermediate and final answer to the nearest whole number.)

Problem 5-29 (Algo) Changes in Cost Structure; Break-Even Analysis; Operating Leverage; Margin of Safety [LO5-4, LO5-5, LO5-7, LO5-8]

Morton Company’s contribution format income statement for last month is given below:

The industry in which Morton Company operates is quite sensitive to cyclical movements in the economy. Thus, profits vary considerably from year to year according to general economic conditions. The company has a large amount of unused capacity and is studying ways of improving profits.

Required:

1. New equipment has come onto the market that would allow Morton Company to automate a portion of its operations. Variable expenses would be reduced by $6.60 per unit. However, fixed expenses would increase to a total of $558,360 each month. Prepare two contribution format income statements, one showing present operations and one showing how operations would appear if the new equipment is purchased.

2. Refer to the income statements in (1). For the present operations and the proposed new operations, compute (a) the degree of operating leverage, (b) the break-even point in dollar sales, and (c) the margin of safety in dollars and the margin of safety percentage.

3. Refer again to the data in (1). As a manager, what factor would be paramount in your mind in deciding whether to purchase the new equipment? (Assume that enough funds are available to make the purchase.)

4. Refer to the original data. Rather than purchase new equipment, the marketing manager argues that the company’s marketing strategy should be changed. Rather than pay sales commissions, which are currently included in variable expenses, the company would pay salespersons fixed salaries and would invest heavily in advertising. The marketing manager claims this new approach would increase unit sales by 30% without any change in selling price; the company’s new monthly fixed expenses would be $396,022; and its net operating income would increase by 20%. Compute the company's break-even point in dollar sales under the new marketing strategy.

Advocacy Competency Domains -ARTICLE FOR DISCUSSION

Introduction

As a counselor, you will sometimes be in the role of advocate. An advocate is someone who acts on behalf of someone else, or who empowers someone to become a self-advocate

Advocates can act on behalf of individual clients. They can also advocate for issues within an organization, and sometimes for issues within the public arena.

Advocates often engage with social and political issues. This may be surprising, because most people are drawn to counseling because they want to help individuals. However, it’s important to understand that individuals are affected in powerful ways by social, political, economic, and cultural factors. Members of marginalized groups sometimes are oppressed in both overt and implicit ways. Counselors need to understand societal factors in order to effectively advocate for individuals.

Different kinds of advocacy are appropriate for different situations. Read on to see some different ways that a counselor might choose to advocate for a client.

Advocacy Competency Domains Chart

The Advocacy Competency Domains chart shows ways that a counselor might advocate for a client. There are three broad domains in this advocacy competency chart: client/student, school/community, and public arena.

The diagram is divided into two rows: The top row represents how counselors can work with an individual or group to makes changes. The second row represents how professional counselors act on behalf of clients to deal with the various barriers they are facing. Whether acting with or acting on behalf, the impact may be at the micro or macro level (Erford, 2014).

Let’s see how this chart applies to a specific client.

Applications

This is Jasmine, a 23-year-old graduate student. Jasmine feels pressure to excel in her program, especially because she is the only African American student. Jasmine has always been unhappy with her body. She compares herself unfavorably against her Caucasian mother, a former professional dancer who is petite and blonde.

This past year, Jasmine has lost a good deal of weight, and her body mass index is approaching the official categorization for anorexia. She has heard from various people throughout her life that “black girls don’t get eating disorders.” When she recently met with an elderly male counselor at her college, he was skeptical that an African American woman could be anorexic.

Jasmine is confused—and scared because she’s been feeling faint and is having trouble concentrating on her studies.

This is Stacey, Jasmine’s counselor. Stacey wants to be an advocate for Jasmine. Here are some possible ways she can do this.

Client/Student Empowerment

The Client/Student Empowerment level is about helping clients to contextualize their situations within a societal context and empowering clients to self-advocate. If Stacey were to choose this level of advocacy, she would begin by discussing with Jasmine how gender roles and racial issues have affected her negative self-image. Then she would help Jasmine come up with an action plan to address her eating disorder and her negative self-talk. She would work with Jasmine to find appropriate resources.

Client/Student Advocacy

The Client/Student Advocacy level involves counselors acting on behalf of clients to negotiate issues related to societal factors. If Stacey were to choose this level of advocacy, she would begin by discussing with Jasmine how gender roles, racial issues, and other issues related to social systems have impacted her negative self-image. Additional discussion regarding her social systems would be important as well, including discussions about her family and her academic self-expectations. Then she would help Jasmine come up with an action plan to address her eating disorder and her negative self-talk. She would work with Jasmine to find appropriate resources.

Community Collaboration

The Community Collaboration level involves working with others in a community to make changes that positively impact clients.

If Stacey were to choose this level of advocacy, she might locate groups on Jasmine’s campus that are working to promote change related to eating disorders and form alliances with these groups. She would share her knowledge with these groups, including her understanding of the special needs of women of color with eating disorders.

Systems Advocacy

The Systems Advocacy level is about understanding and smaller systems (like families) and larger systems (like communities) work—and about advocating for change within these communities.

If Stacey were to choose this level of advocacy, she might work with the university counseling department to identify gaps in their ability to help students with eating disorders. She might help them develop a step-by-step plan to improve their treatment. In addition, she might involve Jasmine’s family in her treatment as a way to better understand the situation.

Public Information

The Public Information level involves distributing information and building awareness about issues across disciplines and settings.

If Stacey were to choose this level of advocacy, she might give a presentation on Jasmine’s campus about women of color, body image, and eating disorders. She might also write an editorial for a local paper about these issues or start a blog.

Social/Political Advocacy

The Social/Political advocacy level involves advocating for public policy or possible legislative change.

If Stacey were to choose this level of advocacy, she might join a national women’s organization and get involved with an organizational committee that addresses eating disorders. As a member of this national organization, Stacey might petition the Department of Education to get more actively engaged in the issue of women of color and eating disorders.

As you can see, there are many different ways that a counselor can choose to be an advocate. Keep these methods of advocacy in mind as you develop your own sense of who you want to be as a counselor, and think about the ways that you might see yourself acting as an advocate.

Review the media presentation, "Advocacy Competency Domains," SEE ABOVE

In this discussion, you will present a plan for collaborating with other professionals and advocating on behalf of a client.

For this case, assume that the client has signed a consent for treatment that included permission to consult with other experts on an as-needed basis. Consider and reference your assigned readings when building your plan for how to collaborate and advocate for your client.

Case 1

Parents have contacted you about counseling for their teenager. The family immigrated to the US when their child was two years old. Despite some challenges, they feel their family has made a positive adjustment to a new culture. They contacted you because they are concerned about their teen's poor academic performance, which has plummeted since the beginning of 9th grade. They are also distressed because a beloved grandmother who lived with the family recently passed away; this happened about the same time their teen's grades began to drop. Their teen has also withdrawn from friends and usual social activities and has expressed self-consciousness about being "different." The parents are concerned but are not sure how to proceed. They hope that you can speak to the school counselor because they feel intimidated about going to their teenager's school themselves.

What is the goal of China's 2011-2020 Anti-Poverty Program

Why do Li and Sicular (2014) believe China's minimum wage has not been effective in reducing inequality and poverty?

What has happened to life expectancy and education levels in China since reforms?

What does the Human Development index measure? How has China's average HDI changed in China since reforms? How does the HDI in China compare to the global average?

What does the Harrod-Domar model say about the relationship between investment and growth? What are the weaknesses of the Harrod-Domar model?

What is the "classical" progression of structural change in a developing economy?

How did the manipulation of prices during China's socialist era distort the pattern of structural change? What does the pattern look like when evaluated at market (2004) prices?

What is the largest sector in China today by share of GDP?

How does China's pattern of structural change differ from the "classical" progression? How is that related to globalization?

Why do some believe there is a housing bubble in China today?

How does the Chinese government explain the rapid expansion of the housing market?

Describe the four stages of the demographic transition.

What is the Total Fertility Rate? The Birth Rate?

In what two ways has China deviated from the standard demographic transition model?

How has China’s TFR compared to other Asian countries?

What was the One Child Policy? How has enforcement changed over time?

What were some major critiques of China’s fertility policy?

What defines a stable equilibrium in the marriage market?

Why would a gender imbalance intensify competition in the marriage market?

What positive economic effects do Wei and Zhang (2011) observe as a result of China's skewed sex ratio?

What is the dependency ratio? How and why will China's dependency ratio be changing in the next few years?

What "marginal" changes were made to reform urban labor markets in the initial phase of reforms?

Who were the xiagang?

What share of the population was employed in the state sector before 1978?

How did the average urban worker get a job during that time?

What is the Lewisian Turning Point (LTP)?

Use the appropriate diagram to explain what happens to wages as demand for industrial labor grows before the LTP and then after the LTP.

Is there strong evidence to support the existence of an LTP in China? What else might explain rising wages?

Why can the returns to education be used as evidence of efficient labor markets?

What is a Mincer equation?

How have rising returns to education affect educational achievement in China?

Why is migration an indication of healthy labor markets?

Why did labor reforms create a need to reform China's social security system?

What was the role of the agricultural collective in during China's Socialist Era?

According to Lin, how did the collectives create a “prisoners’ dilemma?” What effect did this have on agricultural productivity?

What is a dominant strategy? What is a Nash Equilibrium?

Why did China's TVEs grow so quickly?

What are the three "models" of TVEs we discussed in class? How would you characterize each one?

Why did the rapid growth of TVEs end?

What information asymmetry problem complicated TVE privatization?

What mechanism did the gov't design to solve this problem?

What is individual rationality? What is incentive compatibility?

What are non-performing loans? How are they related to SOE reform?

What is “Grasping the large, letting go the small?”

Why was it important to increase SOEs’ marginal retention rates?

What was the Company Law?

What is SASAC and why was it created?

What share of output is accounted for by SOEs today?

What are the four elements that must be changed to turn a socialist enterprise into a “capitalist” one?

What are the theoretical advantages of corporatization? How did it work in practice?

What is the difference between market-based and control-based models of corporate governance? Which model best fits governance in China?

What is was the Anti-Monopoly Law? Why do some believe it has not been enforced effectively?

What is "creative destruction"? Why might the continued prominence of SOEs in China limit the potential for "creative destruction"?

How does China rank globally in terms of exports and total trade?

What is China's total trade as a % of GDP?

Which country was China's biggest trading partner during the Socialist era?

What were the two elements of the “double airlock” system before reforms?

What are special economic zones? Where were they first set up?

What is export processing?

What are tariff vs. non-tariff barriers to trade? What role did they play in reforms?

When did China join the WTO? What reforms were necessary for it to do so?

Why is it important to look at imports as a measure of openness? How have imports in China been changing?

Which "mode" of foreign direct investment (FDI) is most common in China today?

What were the important findings of Hu and Jefferson's (2002) study of FDI in China?

How does China manage its exchange rate today? What type of system is this?

How would a country intervene in foreign exchange markets to defend a fixed exchange rate?

What is the "impossible trinity"? How is it related to China's exchange rate policy?

What is an environmental Kuznets curve?

What are scale, composition, and technique effects? How are they related to the Kuznets curve?

Where (broadly speaking) in China are the major air pollutants concentrated?

What did the World Bank estimate for the economic costs of China's pollution in 2007? Why might this be an underestimate?

What are the main causes of China's degraded water quality? How are these problems made worse by water shortages?

How much of China's surface water is unfit for direct human contact (Grade IV and above)?

What government body is responsible for environmental protection in China today?

What has undermined the effectiveness of China's system of discharge fees for pollution?

Why is China's arable land shrinking?

What is the pollution haven hypothesis?

Do Dean, Lovely, and Huang (2009) find evidence to support this hypothesis "on average?"

Why do Dean, Lovely, and Huang (2009) argue lower pollution taxes is not an effective strategy for attracting FDI?

Comprehensive Health Assessment Form

Health History (5 pts total)

Biographical data: (1 pts)

No name or initial required

Age: ________       Marital status: ____M _____ S   _____Sep. ____Cohab.

Birth date: _____________________    Number of dependents: ___________________

Educational level: ________________________ Gender: _____F _____ M _____Other         

Occupation (current or, if retired, past): ___________________________________­­­­___

Ethnicity/nationality: _____________________

Source of history (who gave you the information and how reliable is that person): _______________________________________________________________________

Present health history: (4 pts)

Current medical conditions/chronic illnesses:

Current medications:

Medication/food/environmental allergies:

Past health history: (10 pts total)

Childhood illnesses: Ask about history of mumps, chickenpox, rubella, ear infections, throat infections, pertussis, and asthma.

Hospitalizations/Surgeries: Include reason for hospitalization, year, and surgical procedures.

Accidents/injuries: Include head injuries with loss of consciousness, fractures, motor vehicle accidents, burns, and severe lacerations.

Major diseases or illnesses: Include heart problems, cancer, seizures, and any significant adult illnesses.

Immunizations (dates if known):

Tetanus _______   Diphtheria ________   Pertussis ________ Mumps ________

Rubella _______   Polio _____________   Hepatitis B ______   Influenza _______

Varicella ______   Other ____________________________________________

Recent travel/military services: Include travel within past year and recent and past military service.

Date of last examinations:

Physical examination _________ Vision ___________ Dental ___________

Family History (Genogram) (10 points)

Mother/Father/Siblings/Grandparents: include age (date of birth, if known), any major health issues, and, if indicated, cause and age at death Present as a genogram.

Review of Systems (12 points total) Be sure to ask about symptoms specifically.

General health status (1 pt): Ask about fatigue, pain, unexplained fever, night sweats, weakness, problems sleeping, and unexplained changes in weight.

Integumentary (1 pt):

Skin: Ask about change in skin color/texture, excessive bruising, itching, skin lesions, sores that do not heal, change in mole. Do you use sun screen? How much sun exposure do you experience?

Hair: Ask about changes in hair texture and recent hair loss.

Nails: Ask about changes in nail color and texture, splitting, and cracking.

HEENT (2 pts):

Head: Ask about headaches, recent head trauma, injury or surgery, history of concussion, dizziness, and loss of consciousness.

Neck: Ask about neck stiffness, neck pain, lymph node enlargement, and swelling or mass in the neck.

Eyes: Ask about change in vision, eye injury, itching, excessive tearing, discharge, pain, floaters, halos around lights, flashing lights, light sensitivity, and difficulty reading. Do you use corrective lenses (glasses or contact lenses)?

Ears: Ask about last hearing test, changes in hearing, ear pain, drainage, vertigo, recurrent ear infections, ringing in ears, excessive wax problems, use of hearing aids.

Nose, Nasopharynx, Sinuses: Ask about nasal discharge, frequent nosebleeds, nasal obstruction, snoring, postnasal drip, sneezing, allergies, use of recreational drugs, change in smell, sinus pain, sinus infections.

Mouth/Oropharynx: Ask about sore throats, mouth sores, bleeding gums, hoarseness, change voice quality, difficulty chewing or swallowing, change in taste, dentures and bridges.

Respiratory (1 pt):

Ask about frequent colds, pain with breathing, cough, coughing up blood, shortness of breath, wheezing, night sweats, last chest x-ray, PPD and results, and history of smoking.

Cardiovascular (1 pt.):

Ask about chest pain, palpitations, shortness of breath, edema, coldness of extremities, color changes in hands and feet, hair loss on legs, leg pain with activity, paresthesia, sores that do not heal, and EKG and results.

Breasts (1 pt.): (Remember men have breasts too)

Ask about breast masses or lumps, pain, nipple discharge, swelling, changes in appearance, cystic breast disease, breast cancer, breast surgery, and reduction/enlargement. Do you perform BSE (when and how)? Date of last clinical breast examination, and mammograms and results.

Gastrointestinal (1 pt.):

Ask about changes in appetite, heartburn, gastroesophageal reflux disease, pain, nausea/vomiting, vomiting blood, jaundice, change in bowel habits, diarrhea, constipation, flatus, last fecal occult blood test and colonoscopy and results.

Genitourinary (1 pt.):

Ask about pain on urination, burning, frequency, urgency, incontinence, hesitancy, changes in urine stream, flank pain, excessive urinary volume, decreased urinary volume, nocturia, and blood in urine.

Female/male reproductive (1 pt.):

Both: Ask about lesions, discharge, pain or masses, change in sex drive, infertility problems, history of STDs, knowledge of STD prevention, safe sex practices, and painful intercourse. Are you current involved in a sexual relationship? If yes, heterosexual, homosexual,, bisexual? Number of sexual partners in the last 3 months. Do you use birth control? If yes, method(s) used.

Female: Ask about menarche, description of cycle, LMP, painful menses, excessive bleeding, irregular menses, bleeding between periods, last Pap test and results, painful intercourse, pregnancies, live births, miscarriages, and abortions.

Male: Ask about prostate or scrotal problems, impotence or sterility, satisfaction with sexual performance, frequency and technique for TSE, and last prostate examination and results.

Musculoskeletal (1 pt.):

Ask about fractures, muscle pain, weakness, joint swelling, joint pain, stiffness, limitations in mobility, back pain, loss of height, and bone density scan and results.

Neurological (1 pt.): Ask about pain, fainting, seizures, changes in cognition, changes in memory, sensory deficits such as numbness, tingling and loss of sensation, problems with gait, balance, and coordination, tremor, and spasm.

Psychosocial Profile (10 pts)

Health practices and beliefs/self-care activities: Ask about type and frequency of exercise, type and frequency of self examination, oral hygiene practice (frequency of brushing/flossing), screening examinations (blood pressure, prostate, breast, glucose, etc.)

Nutritional patterns: Ask about daily intake (24 hour recall) and appetite.

Functional Ability: Ask if able to perform activities of daily living such as dressing, bathing, eating, toileting and instrumental activities of daily living like shopping, driving, cooking.

Sleep/rest patterns: Ask about number of hours of sleep per night, whether sleep is restful, naps, and use of sleep aids.

Personal habits (tobacco, alcohol, caffeine, and drugs): Ask about type, amount, and years used.

Environmental history: Identify environment as urban/rural, type of home (apartment, own home, condo)

Family/social relationships: Ask about significant others, individuals in home

Cultural/religious influences: Identify any cultural and religious influences on health.

Mental Health: Ask about anxiety, depression, irritability, stressful events, and personal coping strategies.

Now answer the question below: (3 pts)

Using the instructions below, identify 1 physical strength, 1 psychosocial/cognitive strength, and 1 weakness in either category. State why you think this to be true.

With the information you collected, you can begin developing an idea of a client’s weakness and strengths. What is a strength? This might be that a person’s nutritional status appears to be excellent. It may be that there is no impairment of mobility. They may have lots of friends with them so be socially active. What is a weakness? This might be that a person does have impaired mobility or perhaps imbalanced nutrition – more than or less than body requirements. It might be that they have a communication issue that you note or perhaps seem to have a depressed mood, seem alone/isolated.