13

50% of students entering four-year colleges receive a degree within six years. Is this percent different from for students who play intramural sports? 146 of the 256 students who played intramural sports received a degree within six years. What can be concluded at the level of significance of αα = 0.05?

1. For this study, we should use Select an answer z-test for a population proportion t-test for a population mean
2. The null and alternative hypotheses would be:
   Ho: ? μ p  Select an answer ≠ > < =   (please enter a decimal)   
   H₁: ? p μ  Select an answer = > < ≠   (Please enter a decimal)

3. The test statistic ? z t  =  (please show your answer to 3 decimal places.)
4. The p-value =  (Please show your answer to 4 decimal places.)
5. The p-value is ? ≤ >  αα
6. Based on this, we should Select an answer accept reject fail to reject  the null hypothesis.
7. Thus, the final conclusion is that ...
   • The data suggest the population proportion is not significantly different from 50% at αα = 0.05, so there is sufficient evidence to conclude that the population proportion of students who played intramural sports who received a degree within six years is equal to 50%.
   • The data suggest the populaton proportion is significantly different from 50% at αα = 0.05, so there is sufficient evidence to conclude that the population proportion of students who played intramural sports who received a degree within six years is different from 50%
   • The data suggest the population proportion is not significantly different from 50% at αα = 0.05, so there is not sufficient evidence to conclude that the population proportion of students who played intramural sports who received a degree within six years is different from 50%.
8. Interpret the p-value in the context of the study.
   • There is a 2.44% chance that the percent of all students who played intramural sports who received a degree within six years differs from 50%.
   • If the population proportion of students who played intramural sports who received a degree within six years is 50% and if another 256 students who played intramural sports are surveyed then there would be a 2.44% chance that either more than 57% of the 256 studetns surveyed received a degree within six years or fewer than 43% of the 256 students surveyed received a degree within six years.
   • There is a 2.44% chance of a Type I error.
   • If the sample proportion of students who played intramural sports who received a degree within six years is 57% and if another 256 voters are surveyed then there would be a 2.44% chance that we would conclude either fewer than 50% of all students who played intramural sports received a degree within six years or more than 50% of all students who played intramural sports received a degree within six years.
9. Interpret the level of significance in the context of the study.
   • If the population proportion of students who played intramural sports who received a degree within six years is 50% and if another 256 students who played intramural sports are surveyed then there would be a 5% chance that we would end up falsely concluding that the proportion of all students who played intramural sports who received a degree within six years is different from 50%
   • There is a 5% chance that aliens have secretly taken over the earth and have cleverly disguised themselves as the presidents of each of the countries on earth.
   • There is a 5% chance that the proportion of all students who played intramural sports who received a degree within six years is different from 50%.
   • If the population proportion of students who played intramural sports who received a degree within six years is different from 50% and if another 256 students who played intramural sports are surveyed then there would be a 5% chance that we would end up falsely concluding that the proportion of all students who played intramural sports who received a degree within six years is equal to 50%.

14

10% of all Americans suffer from sleep apnea. A researcher suspects that a lower percentage of those who live in the inner city have sleep apnea. Of the 352 people from the inner city surveyed, 21 of them suffered from sleep apnea. What can be concluded at the level of significance of αα = 0.05?

1. For this study, we should use Select an answer t-test for a population mean z-test for a population proportion
2. The null and alternative hypotheses would be:
   Ho: ? μ p  Select an answer < ≠ = >   (please enter a decimal)   
   H₁: ? μ p  Select an answer ≠ > = <   (Please enter a decimal)

3. The test statistic ? z t  =  (please show your answer to 3 decimal places.)
4. The p-value =  (Please show your answer to 4 decimal places.)
5. The p-value is ? > ≤  αα
6. Based on this, we should Select an answer reject accept fail to reject  the null hypothesis.
7. Thus, the final conclusion is that ...
   • The data suggest the populaton proportion is significantly smaller than 10% at αα = 0.05, so there is sufficient evidence to conclude that the population proportion of inner city residents who have sleep apnea is smaller than 10%
   • The data suggest the population proportion is not significantly smaller than 10% at αα = 0.05, so there is sufficient evidence to conclude that the population proportion of inner city residents who have sleep apnea is equal to 10%.
   • The data suggest the population proportion is not significantly smaller than 10% at αα = 0.05, so there is not sufficient evidence to conclude that the population proportion of inner city residents who have sleep apnea is smaller than 10%.
8. Interpret the p-value in the context of the study.
   • If the sample proportion of inner city residents who have sleep apnea is 6% and if another 352 inner city residents are surveyed then there would be a 0.58% chance of concluding that fewer than 10% of inner city residents have sleep apnea.
   • If the population proportion of inner city residents who have sleep apnea is 10% and if another 352 inner city residents are surveyed then there would be a 0.58% chance fewer than 6% of the 352 residents surveyed have sleep apnea.
   • There is a 10% chance of a Type I error
   • There is a 0.58% chance that fewer than 10% of all inner city residents have sleep apnea.
9. Interpret the level of significance in the context of the study.
   • There is a 5% chance that aliens have secretly taken over the earth and have cleverly disguised themselves as the presidents of each of the countries on earth.
   • If the population proportion of inner city residents who have sleep apnea is 10% and if another 352 inner city residents are surveyed then there would be a 5% chance that we would end up falsely concluding that the proportion of all inner city residents who have sleep apnea is smaller than 10%.
   • If the population proportion of inner city residents who have sleep apnea is smaller than 10% and if another 352 inner city residents are surveyed then there would be a 5% chance that we would end up falsely concluding that the proportion of all inner city residents who have sleep apnea is equal to 10%.
   • There is a 5% chance that the proportion of all inner city residents who have sleep apnea is smaller than 10%.

Balls ‘n Bats is a $24 million company with 1 president and 10 sales reps
in these two territories: Northern U.S. ($16 million in sales, 7 reps),
Southern U.S. ($8 million in sales, 3 reps).
The company sells two different products (and each rep sells both):
-Balls ($18 million in sales) and
-Bats ($6 million in sales).

And you can assume that the following list contains
information on all costs for this company:
                Each rep is paid a straight salary of $60,000
                The company president is paid a salary of $200,000
                They recently ran a national TV ad for balls, which cost $300,000;

And then separately they ran a national TV ad for bats, which cost $100,000
Cost of goods sold is exactly 75% of sales

Based on a full cost analysis that allocates indirect costs using % of sales, how much of the company profit is generated by the Southern US territory? Enter dollar amount.

home / study / business / accounting / accounting questions and answers / Use The Internet And/or Strayer Learning Resource Center To Research A U.S.-based Company That ...

Your question has been answered

Let us know if you got a helpful answer. Rate this answer

Question: Use the Internet and/or Strayer Learning Resource Center to research a U.S.-based company that ma...

Use the Internet and/or Strayer Learning Resource Center to research a U.S.-based company that manufactures technology products. Recommend one (1) approach that your selected company can take in order to lower the direct labor costs of technology products while remaining competitive with global markets. Provide a rationale for your recommended approach. Imagine that you are a Chief Financial Officer (CFO) of a company. Recommend two (2) actions that you could take regarding the company’s supply chain to reduce manufacturing costs of direct materials.

Three resistors of 20, 50 and 60 ohms are connected to a battery having an emf of 15 volts. Draw the circuit diagram and determine the total resistance, the total and individual currents, total and individual voltages if the resistors are connected in series.

National polls are often conducted by asking the opinions of a few thousand adults nationwide and using them to infer the opinions of all adults in the nation. Explain who is in the sample and who is in the population for such polls. Please use a poll from a newspaper, TV, a magazine, or from the Internet  

1. Mark your confusion.
2. Show evidence of a close reading.
3. Write a 1+ page reflection.

The Black Wealth Gap
Source: TheWeek.com, October 2, 2020

Decades after the civil rights movement, African Americans still hold a fraction of the wealth of white
Americans. Why? Here's everything you need to know:
How big is the gap?
It's staggering. The net worth of a typical white family in 2016 — including home, retirement accounts,
and all assets — was nearly 10 times greater than that of a Black family, at $171,000 to $17,600. This
gulf even includes African Americans whose households are headed by college graduates, who actually
have less net worth than white households headed by high school dropouts. Wealth begets wealth through
generations, and African Americans have missed out on that transfer for centuries. Just 8 percent of Black
families receive an inheritance from parents or grandparents. For someone with no buffer of savings and
no family member who can help, any financial emergency — a sudden illness or job loss — is a
catastrophe.
How did the gap start?
After the Civil War, Reconstruction was supposed to begin making up for the hundreds of years of
slavery during which African Americans had wages, property, and even spouses and children stolen from
them. But the "40 acres and a mule" promised by Gen. William Sherman was yanked away by Abraham
Lincoln's successor, President Andrew Johnson, and the little land that had been parceled out was
returned to the white former slaveholders. Most Blacks in the South after the war were forced to toil as
sharecroppers, perpetually in debt to white landowners. Blacks who managed to succeed despite all this
fell victim to white terrorism, as in the 1898 Wilmington, North Carolina, massacre that wiped out a
Black-led government in the nation's only successful coup, or the 1921 Tulsa massacre in which jealous
whites attacked, burned, and even bombed from the air a thriving neighborhood known as Black Wall
Street. With segregation and Jim Crow laws depriving them of the vote and of economic opportunity,
many Blacks abandoned the South in the Great Migration, only to find more-subtle discrimination waiting
in the North.
What kind of discrimination?
The New Deal was meant to help the poor across America, but it had racism baked into it. Rather than
overturning racial covenants that kept Blacks out of desirable neighborhoods, the new Federal Housing

Administration promoted them. The government Home Owners' Loan Corporation marked majority-
Black districts in red on maps, so banks would not extend government-insured loans there — suppressing

both Black homeownership and business development. The corrosive effects of that "redlining" persist to
this day. After World War II, the G.I. Bill, which paid for college or vocational training for veterans and
offered subsidized mortgages, was administered by the states, which funneled the benefits away from
Blacks. And the 1956 Federal Highway Act that helped create the suburbs bulldozed and isolated black
neighborhoods, creating ghettos.
Didn't the Civil Rights Act help?
The 1964 Civil Rights Act prohibited discrimination and strengthened voting rights and the desegregation
of schools. But even as it "struck down legal barriers," says historian Leon Litwack, "it failed to dismantle
economic barriers." The wealth gap was already so large that even if Blacks were paid the same as whites
for the same job — and they were not — they were unable to catch up. Meanwhile, the era of mass
incarceration had begun. By the 1980s, Black men were 11 times as likely to be incarcerated as whites,
thanks partly to laws punishing use of crack cocaine an order of magnitude harsher than powder cocaine,
1. Mark your confusion.
2. Show evidence of a close reading.
3. Write a 1+ page reflection.

which was favored by wealthier whites. Our educational system also perpetuates Black poverty: Unlike in
most other advanced nations, schools are funded locally and are tied to the local tax base, which means
that people growing up in poor neighborhoods go to inadequate schools. Far from shrinking, the racial
wealth gap has in fact grown over the past few decades, particularly after the 2008 financial crisis, which
wiped out much of the progress blacks had made. While median white household incomes rose by a third
from 1983 to 2016, typical Black household incomes actually dropped by 50 percent.
But don't some Black people succeed?
Yes, but individual efforts to "bootstrap" one's way up the economic ladder face enormous obstacles. A
2019 Georgetown University study showed that wealth in youth is a better predictor of success than
intelligence. Racism in hiring persists, as numerous studies have shown that pit a résumé with a "Black--
sounding" name against a similar one with a white name. Marriage and stable families help create wealth,
and married Black women have more wealth than single Black women. But many Black men with low
incomes do not feel marriageable; moreover, a 2017 DuBois Cook Center study showed that wealth
differences persist between the races despite marriage status. Structural racism leaves African Americans

trapped in a wealth gap that is actually widening, not narrowing. "It is as though we have run up a credit-
card bill and, having pledged to charge no more, remain befuddled that the balance does not disappear,"

Black writer and intellectual Ta-Nehisi Coates said in The Atlantic. "The effects of that balance, interest
accruing daily, are all around us."
How COVID-19 worsened the gap
When the coronavirus hit this year, Black Americans were still reeling from the 2008 financial crisis. That
downturn had wiped out 53 percent of all Black wealth, largely because subprime lenders had targeted
Black communities with loans on bad terms. Then came the COVID-19 shutdown. While 22 percent of all
U.S. businesses shuttered between February and April this year, 41 percent of Black-owned businesses
closed. Many African-American business owners couldn't access the Payroll Protection Program, because
loans tended to go to large firms that had existing relationships with major banks. One study found that
white owners who went in person to a bank to ask for a PPP loan fared much better than Black owners
who did so, even when the Black owners had better financial profiles. And many Black-owned businesses
are sole proprietorships, which weren't covered. As a result, fewer than half of all African-American
adults now have a job. "The pandemic is falling on those least able to bear its burdens," said Federal
Reserve Chair Jerome Powell. "It is a great increaser of inequality."

Possible Response Questions:
• What are your thoughts about the black wealth gap? Explain.

The United States has a lot of federally owned land. Unfortunately, uncontrolled natural forest fires destroy large areas in the western US every summer. In 2002, about 1,000,000 acres of standing timber in national forests were consumed. Some consideration is being given to improved management practices that could produce electric power from residual forest thinning. Estimate the lost energy content of burned US forests during 2002. Assuming the US average electricity demand is about 300,000 MW e , how much forested land would be needed to produce all the country ’ s power? Is this a sustainable alternative? How would you manage the forest lands needed? A few facts to consider: the total forested area on US federal lands in the lower 48 states is about 600 million acres with a standing stock density of about 100 dry metric tonnes of wood per acre. Woody plants and trees capture solar energy via photosynthesis at an average rate of about 0.8 W/m 2 , which corresponds to producing about 5 – 10 dry tons of biomass per acre annually with an average heating value of 8000 BTU/dry lb. Note that 1 acre = 43,560 ft 2 = 0.405 hectare = 4047 m 2 and the average heat-to-work conversion efficiency of a biomass-fired electric power plant is about 35%.

The most commonly used test for HIV has a sensitivity of 0.997 and a specificity of 0.985. In other words, a person infected with HIV will test positive for the virus 99.7% of the time while a person NOT infected with HIV will test NEGATIVE for the virus 98.5% of the time. Research current rates of infection for the indicated population in order to answer the following questions.

1. If a US randomly selected US resident is tested for HIV and the test shows a positive result, what is the probability that they are infected? In other words, what is the probability that a positive result is accurate?

2. If a US randomly selected US resident is tested for HIV and the test shows a negative result, what is the probability that they are infected?

3. Comment on the results from the previous questions. If you were to test positive for HIV, would it make sense to get retested? What if you were to test negative?

4. What is the probability that a positive HIV test is accurate for a resident of Pakistan? How likely is a negative test to be accurate?

5. What is the probability of a positive vs. a negative result being accurate in the Democratic Republic of Congo?

6. What is the probability of a positive vs. a negative result being accurate in Lesotho?

7. The science of diagnostic testing is basically the same no matter what you are testing for. As of 2015, approximately 7% of Americans had consumed cannabis in the last month. At the same time, approximately 0.5% of Americans had consumed cocaine in the past month. How much would you trust a positive test result for each drug?

1. The US Department of Education was established as a new cabinet department in 1982. College costs (tuition, room, board, books, expenses), after adjustment for inflation, have gone up from $8,000 in 1980 to more than $20,000 today. Is this a coincidence? Discuss how the government may be helping colleges raise total costs through collusive behavior and first-degree price discrimination.

2.     Drug firms engage in third-degree price discrimination when they sell their products overseas for a lower price than in the US. Why do drug firms choose to serve markets in which the price is controlled, such as Canada? How did they get the US FDA to help them keep the two markets separate (high demanders in the US, low demanders in Canada)?

3.        Concert promoters are monopolists, yet they often choose not to charge the profit-maximizing price for their concerts. Explain and illustrate with one or more diagrams how they set ticket prices, the impact their decision has on the size of the crowd, and the opportunity this situation creates for ticket scalpers.

4.     Chicago teachers and sumo wrestlers were shown by Levitt and Dubner to have engaged in cheating when faced with powerful incentives. For one of these groups, describe the incentives they faced, their actions that were detected by our authors, and the results of this cheating. You might wish to use a force field analysis to illustrate the incentives and decision making by the participants (potential cheaters).

2. The following data are taken from the financial market pages of an Australian newspaper.

Forward Margins

The data under the “Forward Margins” column represent the forward contracts for the US dollar with respect to the Australian dollar (given in points form).

(a) Using this data, and the bid-ask for spot USD at 0.7144 to 0.7145, compute the outright bid/ask rates for the following forward contracts:

(i) 1 month

(ii) 6 month

(iii) 2 years

(iv) 3 years

(b) Calculate the forward premium for the following contracts:

(i) 2 month

(ii) 3 month

(iii) 6 month

(iv) 1 year

c) You expect to receive US$ 70,000 in 6 months. What amount in A$ will that convert into of you use the above forward rates?

d) You need to buy US$ 500,000 in 2 years. How many A$ will you need if you use the forward rates above?

e) What do the forward rates indicate in terms of whether the A$ is expected to strengthen or weaken with respect to the US dollar?