Describe the balance of payments and what it seeks to measure. Describe the three accounts included and what these measure. Explain how an understanding of the balance of payments helps to have a more complete of exchange that takes between nations rather than focusing on the balance of goods and services. Discuss the relationship between the current account and savings, investment, and government finances. Is the current account in itself the best measure of unsustainable trade imbalances? Explain why or why not.

a) Plot the Lorenz curve for the income distribution:

(2,2,4,6,8,20,30,40,60,100)

Consider an income redistribution that takes 20% of income from each of the three richest individuals and distribute equally to individuals that have an income below the poverty line (9). Plot the Lorenz curve again to demonstrate that inequality has decreased.

What happened to the coefficient of variation between the two periods? What can you conclude about the change in inequality between periods from this?

Return on Invested Capital (ROIC) is a profitability ratio that measures how effective the firm is at generating a return for investors who have provided capital (bondholders and stockholders). The ROIC calculation answers three questions: How tax efficient is the firm? How effective are the firm’s operations? How intensively does the firm use capital? Comparing the answers to these questions between firms can help you understand why one firm is more profitable than another and where that profitability is coming from. In the following, Apple’s ROIC is compared to Microsoft’s. The income statement and balance sheet are provided for both firms. While the ROIC calculation for Microsoft is completed below, you have to complete the calculation for Apple by supplying the correct income statement and balance sheet information. As you fill in this information, the components of Apple’s ROIC will be calculated along with some supporting ratios. Use these subcomponents and supporting ratios to compare Apple and Microsoft’s performance. Where does Apple’s advantage come from? This activity demonstrates the calculation of ROIC and the comparison of firm performance, supporting Learning Objective 5-1 and 5-2. Instructions Use the income statement and balance sheet information for Apple to fill in the missing items in the calculation of Apple’s ROIC and supporting ratios. Once filled in correctly, compare Apple’s performance to that of Microsoft. Where does Apple have an advantage? Where does Microsoft have an advantage? Apple Inc Microsoft Corporation Income Statement FYE Sept, 27 2014 (000) FYE June 30 2015 (000) Net sales 182,795,000 93,580,000 Cost of sales 112,258,000 33,038,000 Gross margin 70,537,000 60,542,000 Research & development expense 6,041,000 12,046,000 Selling, general & admin expense 11,993,000 20,324,000 Total operating expenses 10,011,000 Operating expenses 18,034,000 42,381,000 Operating margin 52,503,000 18,161,000 Interest & dividend income 1,795,000 766,000 Interest expense 384,000 781,000 Other Income / Expense -431,000 361,000 Total Other income 980,000 346,000 Earnings before taxes 53,483,000 18,507,000 Provision for taxes 13,973,000 6,314,000 Net income (loss) 39,510,000 12,193,000 Apple Inc Microsoft Corporation Balance sheet FYE Sept, 27 2014 (000) FYE June 30 2015 (000) Cash & cash equivalents 13,844,000 5,595,000 Short-term marketable securities 11,233,000 90,931,000 Accounts receivable 17,460,000 17,908,000 Components 471,000 1,100,000 Finished goods 1,640,000 1,600,000 Inventories 2,111,000 2,902,000 Other Current Assets 21,772,000 4,676,000 Total current assets 68,531,000 124,712,000 130,162,000 12,053,000 Long-term marketable securities 20,624,000 14,731,000 Fixed Assets: PP&E (net) 12,522,000 24,727,000 Other assets 163,308,000 51,511,000 Long term assets 231,839,000 176,223,000 Total assets 30,196,000 6,591,000 Accounts payable 33,252,000 43,267,000 Other Current liabilities 63,448,000 49,858,000 Total current liabilities 28,987,000 Long-term debt 3,031,000 278,080,00 Deferred revenue - non-current 20,259,000 2,095,000 Deferred tax liabilities 4,567,000 2,835,000 Other non-current liabilities 13,544,000 Long Term liabilities 56,844,000 46,282,000 Total liabilities 120,292,000 96,140,000 Common stock 23,313,000 68,465,000 Retained earnings 87,152,000 9,096,000 Unrecognized gain on securities 1,082,000 2,522,000 Total shareholders' equity 111,547,000 80,083,000 Total liabilities + shareholders equity 231,839,000 176,223,000 References Refresher SFALearning Objective: 05-01 Conduct a firm profitability analysis using accounting data to assess and evaluate competitive advantage.Learning Objective: 05-02 Apply shareholder value creation to assess and evaluate competitive advantage. 7.value: 10.00 pointsRequired information Calculate the Apple’s ROIC and supporting ratios. (Enter your responses rounded to two decimal places.)

References

Refresher SFALearning Objective: 05-01 Conduct a firm profitability analysis using accounting data to assess and evaluate competitive advantage.Learning Objective: 05-02 Apply shareholder value creation to assess and evaluate competitive advantage.

7.

value:
10.00 points

Required information

Calculate the Apple’s ROIC and supporting ratios. (Enter your responses rounded to two decimal places.)

A company want to find out if there is a linear relationship between indirect labor expense (ILE), in dollars, and direct labor hours (DLH). Data for direct labor hours and indirect labor expense for 25 months are given. Based on the data in the table below, is there a significant linear relationship between Direct Labor Hours and the Indirect Labor Expense?

• A.

  Yes, because the p-value = 0.00023

• B.

  No, the sample correlation coefficient is equal to 0.878, which provides evidence of a significant linear relationship.

• C.

  No, because the p-value = 0.00023

• D.

  Yes, the sample correlation coefficient is equal to 0.878, which provides evidence of a significant linear relationship.

Measuring the height of a particular species of tree is very difficult because these trees grow to tremendous heights. People familiar with these trees understand that the height of a tree of this species is related to other characteristics of the​ tree, including the diameter of the tree at the breast height of a person. The accompanying data represent the height​ (in feet) and diameter​ (in inches) at the breast height of a person for a sample of 21 trees of this species.

A. Determine whether there is a significant relationship between the height of trees of this species and the​breast-height diameter at the 0.05 level of significance.

B. Construct a 95​% confidence interval estimate of the population slope between the height of the trees and​breast-height diameter.

C. What conclusions can be reached concerning the relationship of the diameter of the tree and its​ height?

5. The Chief of the Medical staff has asked for your assistance in calculating the length of stay (LOS) for the following patients in the medical and surgical units with specific diagnosis codes. Please respond to the questions below and show your mathematical on excel sheet for each calculation listed below.

1. Calculate the LOS for all medical patients
2. Calculate the LOS for all surgical patients
3. Calculate the LOS for patients with a diagnosis code of K51.90
4. Calculate the LOS for those patients between the age of 16-21
5. Calculate the LOS for those patients between the age of 22-45

1. A recent industry report indicated that 60% of drivers involved in a residential accident will be in at least one other traffic accident in the last 3 years. An advisory group decided to investigate this claim, believing it was too large. A sample of 400 traffic accidents this year showed 200 persons were also involved in another accident with in the last 3 years. Use the 0.10 significance level.
   1. Why can we use z as the test statistic?
   2. State the null and alternate hypothesis
   3. Show the decision rule graphically.
   4. Compute the value of z and state your decision regarding the null hypothesis.
   5. Determine and interpret the p value
2. A study regarding the relationship between age and the amount of pressure sales personnel feel in relation to their jobs revealed the following sample information. At the 0.10 significance level, is there a relationship between job pressure and age

Degrees of Job Pressure

age low medium high

less than 25 67 61 60

25 up to 40 43 40 46

40 up to 60 63 52 62

60 up to older 32 22 27

***C PROGRAMMING***

Roman Numerals:

I           =          1

V          =          5

X          =        10

L          =        50

C          =      100

D          =      500

M         =     1000

Use % for modulus division.

Step 1

• Write a program that will and display 3 menu options. The options are:

1. Display the first 50 Roman Numerals.
2. Enter a number to be converted to Roman Numerals.
3. Exit.

• Prompt the user for a selection: A, B or C.

• If the user selects A then print 2 Columns of numbers on the screen. The leftmost column will display the roman numerals for numbers 1 – 25 and the rightmost column will display the roman numerals for number 26 – 50.

For example:

Number/Numeral                                                            Number/Numeral

1 = I                                                                              26 = XXVI

2 = II                                                                             27 = XXVII

3 = III                                                                            28 = XXVIII

4 = IV                                                                           29 = XXIX

5 = V                                                                            30 = XXX

.

.

.

25 = XXV                                                                      50 = L

Press any key to continue?

• If the user selects B then prompt the user for a number between 1 and 3999 and then display the roman numeral. Only allow positive integers between 1 and 3999. Loop until a valid number is entered

• If the user selects C then end the program.

Text book: Essentials of Biostatistics in Public Health 3 ed. by Lisa Sullivan.

Instructor provided problem: An observational study is conducted to compare experiences of men and women between the ages of 50-59 years following coronary artery bypass surgery. Participants undergo the surgery and are followed until the time of death, until they are lost to follow-up or up to 30 years, whichever comes first. The following table details the experiences of participating men and women. The data below are years of death or years of last contact for men and women. Estimate the Estimate the survival functions for each treatment group using the Kaplan-Meier approach. Test if there is a significant difference in survival between treatment groups using the log rank test and a 5% level of significance.