The university wants to examine whether students spend enough time on their remote classes after switching to the online teaching. The university staff sends a survey to 50 random students and asks for the study time per week after the spring break. The mean study time per week of the sample is 25.5 hours. It is believed that the population standard deviation is 3.5 hours. The university wants to know whether the students have spent at least 23 hours per week on average in their remote study.

 What is the correct form of the statistical hypothesis?

 What is the value of the test statistics?

 If you decide to use the critical value approach to perform the test, what is the corresponding critical value for the test at 95% confidence level?

 If you decide to use the P-value approach to perform the test, what is your P-value?

 What is your conclusion at the 95% confidence level?

The table below summarizes the replies of 300 randomly selected university graduates who participated in a nationwide survey:

(a) Determine the expected numbers, assuming the degree of job satisfaction is independent of type of program taken at university (i.e. there is some association between degree of job satisfaction and the type of program). Fill your answers into the table above.

(b) Use the Chi-square test with α = 0:05 to test the hypothesis that the degree of job satisfaction depends on the type of program taken at university.

i) H₀:

H_a:

Observed Test Statistic (x² statistic):

ii) p-value (use x² table):

Decision with justification:

Conclusion in context:

The acceptance rate for a university is 42 percent. Assuming the binomial to the normal distribution. Of the next 10 applications what is the probability that they will accept: (WHEN ROUNDING DO NOT ROUND ANY CALCULATION UNTIL THE VERY END)

a) Find the mean: μ = n ⋅ p =  round to a single decimal.

b) Calculate the standard deviation. σ = n ⋅ p ⋅ q =  . Round to 4 decimals.

c) Determine the probability that exactly four applicants will be accepted.  round to 4 decimals

d) Determine the probability that between four and six applications will be accepted.  round to 4 decimals.

e) Determine the probability that at least two of the applicants will be accepted. (You may use the complement rule here).  round to 4 decimals.

f) What is the probability for the university to accept none or more than 7 applications?  Round to 4 decimals. Would it be unusual for the university to accept no or more than 7 applicants?  Yes/No.

Zoysia University must purchase mowers for its landscape department. The university can buy six EVF mowers that cost $7,900 each and have annual, year-end maintenance costs of $1,775 per mower. The EVF mowers will be replaced at the end of Year 4 and have no value at that time. Alternatively, Zoysia can buy seven AEH mowers to accomplish the same work. The AEH mowers will be replaced after seven years. They each cost $6,900 and have annual, year-end maintenance costs of $2,225 per mower. Each AEH mower will have a resale value of $700 at the end of seven years. The university’s opportunity cost of funds for this type of investment is 7 percent. Because the university is a nonprofit institution, it does not pay taxes. It is anticipated that whichever manufacturer is chosen now will be the supplier of future mowers. What is the EAC of each type of mower?

Zoysia University must purchase mowers for its landscape department. The university can buy four EVF mowers that cost $7,800 each and have annual, year-end maintenance costs of $1,635 per mower. The EVF mowers will be replaced at the end of Year 4 and have no value at that time. Alternatively, Zoysia can buy six AEH mowers to accomplish the same work. The AEH mowers will be replaced after seven years. They each cost $6,800 and have annual, year-end maintenance costs of $1,625 per mower. Each AEH mower will have a resale value of $900 at the end of seven years. The university’s opportunity cost of funds for this type of investment is 7 percent. Because the university is a nonprofit institution, it does not pay taxes. It is anticipated that whichever manufacturer is chosen now will be the supplier of future mowers. What is the EAC of each type of mower?

In 2019, NB Inc.’s federal taxable income was $246,000. Compute the required installment payments of 2020 tax in each of the following cases:

Required:

1. NB’s 2020 taxable income is $556,000.
2. NB’s 2020 taxable income is $837,000.
3. NB’s 2020 taxable income is $1,390,000.
   

Company Law

ILAC

Truck Hire Pty Ltd (Truck) is a company that hires out large machinery. Since January 2020 the company has been in a difficult financial position. The Board of Truck have passed a resolution to sell some of the assets to reduce their debt. Sally and Tom are two shareholders of Truck, they obtained a valuation report that shows the assets have been sold off at a significant undervalue in breach of s 180 of the Corporations Act 2001 (Cth). Advise Sally and Tom whether the court will grant them leave to bring a statutory derivative action under ss 236/237 of the Corporations Act 2001 (Cth).

Ethics case: The financial officer of Suit Ltd believes that the yearly allowance for impaired receivables for Shirt Ltd should be $185 000. The CEO of Suit Ltd, nervous that the shareholders might expect the business to sustain its 10% growth rate, suggests that the financial controller increase the allowance for impairment to $285 000. The CEO thinks that the lower profit, which reflects a 7% growth rate, will be a more sustainable rate for Suit Ltd.

Required

(a) Who are the stakeholders in this case?
(b) Does the CEO’s request pose an ethical dilemma for the controller?
(c) Should the financial controller be concerned with Suit Ltd’s growth rate in estimating the allowance? Explain your answer.

Laramie Trucking's CEO is considering a change to the company's capital structure, which currently consists of 25% debt and 75% equity. The CFO believes the firm should use more debt, but the CEO is reluctant to increase the debt ratio. The risk-free rate, r_RF, is 5.0%, the market risk premium, RP_M, is 6.0%, and the firm's tax rate is 25%. Currently, the cost of equity, r_s, is 11.5% as determined by the CAPM. What would be the estimated cost of equity if the firm used 60% debt? (Hint: You must first find the current beta and then the unlevered beta to solve the problem.)

Almost half of the US states have enacted so-called Right to Work laws. Explain what these laws are, and whether they are fair to unions and union members. Look at the issue from both the union's point of view, and from the point of view of employees who don't want union representation.