Do a two-sample test for equality of means assuming unequal variances. Calculate the p-value using Excel.

(a-1) Comparison of GPA for randomly chosen college juniors and seniors:

x⎯⎯1x¯1 = 4.75, s₁ = .20, n₁ = 15, x⎯⎯2x¯2 = 5.18, s₂ = .30, n₂ = 15, α = .025, left-tailed test.
(Negative values should be indicated by a minus sign. Round down your d.f. answer to the nearest whole number and other answers to 4 decimal places. Do not use "quick" rules for degrees of freedom.)

d.f.

t-calculated

p-value

t-critical

b-1) Comparison of average commute miles for randomly chosen students at two community colleges:

x⎯⎯1x¯1 = 25, s₁ = 5, n₁ = 22, x⎯⎯2x¯2 = 33, s₂ = 7, n₂ = 19, α = .05, two-tailed test.
(Negative values should be indicated by a minus sign. Round down your d.f. answer to the nearest whole number and other answers to 4 decimal places. Do not use "quick" rules for degrees of freedom.)

d.f.

t-calculated

p-value

t-critical

(c-1) Comparison of credits at time of graduation for randomly chosen accounting and economics students:

x⎯⎯1x¯1 = 150, s₁ = 2.8, n₁ = 12, x⎯⎯2x¯2 = 143, s₂ = 2.7, n₂ = 17, α = .05, right-tailed test.
(Negative values should be indicated by a minus sign. Round down your d.f. answer to the nearest whole number and other answers to 4 decimal places. Do not use "quick" rules for degrees of freedom.)

d.f.

t-calculated

p-value

t-critical

Sixteen-year-old Michelle Portman was out driving at night near Sandusky, Ohio with her friend Katie Webster in the front passenger seat. They came to a railroad crossing with multiple tracks, where the mechanical arm had descended and warning bells were sounding. A Conrail train had suffered mechanical problems and was stopped 200 hundred feet from the crossing, where it had been stalled for close to an hour. Michelle and Katie saw several cars ahead of them go around the barrier and cross the tracks, despite the fact that Ohio’s vehicle and traffic laws prohibited this practice. Michelle had to decide whether she would do the same.
Long before Michelle made her decision, the train’s engineer (a Conrail employee) had seen the heavy Saturday night traffic crossing the tracks and realized the danger. The conductor and brakeman also understood the peril, but rather than posting a flagman who could have stopped traffic when a train approached, they walked to the far end of their train to repair the mechanical problem. A police officer had come upon the scene, told his dispatcher to notify the train’s parent company Conrail of the situation, and left.
Michelle made the decision to cross the tracks. She slowly followed the cars ahead of her. Seconds later, both girls were dead. A freight train traveling 60 miles per hour struck the vehicle broadside, killing Michelle and Katie instantly.
Michelle’s mother sued Conrail for negligence. The company argued that it was Michelle’s decision, one that violated Ohio traffic laws, which led to her death. Ohio is a comparative negligence state. Discuss both the plaintiff’s claim and Conrail’s defense. What verdict will result?

Please answer in the IRAC format.

Issue

Rule

Analysis

Conclusion

Plotted on the horizontal axis is distance in miles to different cities, the vertical axis is price of flight of the flight to these cities

a. looking at the scatter plot, how is the cost of the trip associated with the distance of the trip

b. use a straight edge to approximate a line of best fit to the data

c. on a scale of 0 to 1 estimate how well the line fits the data. 0= no fit 1= perfect fit. How did we choose the value of 0 or 1

d. Find the equation based on your best fit line.  HINT:  To find the estimated equation, pick two points on the line and plug into    Show your work.   Write your equation in the form,

e

.Now, let’s calculate the least-squares line based on your data.  Show your work.  You can use the following table to assist you or you may use Excel if you are more comfortable with the software. Write your equation in the form, .

Determine the Sample Correlation Coefficient, .  

AB Distribution, Inc., employed QY, Inc., to run its tire mounting and distribution operation in Mount Valley, Ohio. Robert Chase worked for QY as a second-shift supervisor at Titan. He suffered a heart attack in 2000 and underwent heart bypass surgery in 2001. He also had arthritis. In July 2006, AB Distribution decided to terminate QY. Chase applied to work at AB Distribution, Inc. On his application, he described himself as having a disability. After a physical exam, AB’s doctor concluded that Chase could work in his current capacity, and he was notified that he would be hired. Despite the notice, Natalia Baron, an AB employee, wrote “not pass px” at the top of Chase’s application, and he was not hired. He took a job with APCO Systems, a parking ramp management company. This work involved walking up to five miles a day and lifting more weight than he had at AB. In September 2008, AB eliminated its second shift. Chase filed a suit in a federal district court against AB, in part, under the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA). AB Distribution argued that the reason it had not hired Chase was not that he did not pass the physical, but no one—including Baron—could explain why she had written “not pass px” on his application. Later, AB claimed that Chase was not hired because the entire second shift was going to be eliminated

5-A. What must Chase establish to make his case under the ADA? Can he meet these requirements? Explain.

5-B. In employment-discrimination cases, punitive damages can be appropriate when an employer acts with malice or reckless indifference to an employee’s protected rights. Would an award of punitive damages to Chase be appropriate in this case? Discuss.

Question 3: (Minitab or Excel – Excel is easiest)

The table below shows the average distance of each of the nine planets from the sun, and the length of the year (in earth years). Note that Pluto is not considered a planet anymore (check it out on Wikipedia).

a) Plot the Length of the Year (the response) versus the Distance from the Sun (the explanatory variable). Describe the scatterplot.

b) Fit a linear model that will help predict the Length of Year a planet from its Distance from the Sun. Does the model provide a good fit?

c) Produce the residual plot for the model you developed in 3b. The plot shows a clear trend. Describe it. We are going to improve the model by re-expressing both distance and length of year in the logarithmic scale. This approach is indicated by the large amount of variance in both variables as well as strong positive skewness of their distributions (you can check both of these facts for yourself by making stemand-leaf plots and obtaining summary statistics—no need to include this step in your paper).

d) Take the base ten logarithm of the distance and length of year variables. We will refer to the new variable as the Log(distance) and Log(length). Follow the Minitab directions below on how to proceed.

e) Fit a regression line to predict Log(length) from Log(distance).

f) Obtain the residual plot for the model.

g) Did we improve the model?

You have recently been hired by Layton Motors, Inc. (LMI), in its relatively new treasury management department. LMI was founded eight years ago by Rachel Layton. Rachel found a method to manufacture a cheaper battery that will hold a larger charge, giving a car powered by the battery a range of 700 miles before requiring a recharge. The cars manufactured by LMI are midsized and carry a price that allows the company to compete with other mainstream auto manufacturers. The company is privately owned by Rachel and her family, and it had sales of $197 million last year.

LMI primarily sells to customers who buy the cars online, although it does have a limited number of company-owned dealerships. The customer selects any customization and makes a deposit of 20 percent of the purchase price. After the order is taken, the car is made to order, typically within 45 days. LMI's growth to date has come from its profits. When the company had sufficient capital, it would expand production. Relatively little formal analysis has been used in its capital budgeting process. Rachel has just read about capital budgeting techniques and has come to you for help. For starters, the company has never attempted to determine its cost of capital, and Rachel would like you to perform the analysis. Because the company is privately owned, it is difficult to determine the cost of equity for the company. Rachel wants you to use the pure play approach to estimate the cost of capital for LMI, and she has chosen Tesla Motors as a representative company. The following questions will lead you through the steps to calculate this estimate.

7. You used TSLA as a pure play company to estimate the cost of capital for LMI. Are there any potential problems with this approach in this situation and why?

Please provide steps.

For a random sample of 20 automobile models, we record the value of the model as a new car and the value after the car has been purchased and driven 10 miles.¹ The difference between these two is a measure of the depreciation on the car just by driving it off the lot. Depreciation values from our sample of 20 automobile models can be found in the dataset CarDepreciation.

Click here for the dataset associated with this question.

(a) Find the mean and standard deviation of the Depreciation amounts in CarDepreciation.

Mean =$

Standard deviation =

(b) Use StatKey or other technology to create a bootstrap distribution of the sample mean of depreciations. Describe the center and spread of this distribution.

Center =

Standard error =

(c) Use the standard error obtained in your bootstrap distribution to find a 95% confidence interval for the mean amount a new car depreciates by driving it off the lot.

The interval is $ to


¹New and used automobile costs were determined using 2015 models on kellybluebook.com.

Exam 1

1- Let a Population be { 5,7,9,11,13,15}

Find the sample mean distribution for pairs.

(a)Find the Mean + Standard deviation of your distribution

(2)Sketch The distribution.

(3)Compare the values of the mean and standard deviation of the probability mean distribution and the population.

“ Do not give decimals , give exact values”

Extra credit : Do problem #1 using R

10.33- In each of the following examples,state whether we are sampling from a finite population or a hypothetically infinite population , and describe the population.

a-A personnel manager selects 5 of 20 job applicants for an interview.

b-We weigh a gold nugget three times and use the average we obtain as its weight.

c-We observe how many heads we get in 100 flips of a balanced coin.

d-We select 5 of 25 picture postcards displayed in a store to mail to friends.

e-We observe the gasoline mileage obtained by our car for a period of time estimate the miles per gallon for the car.

10.34- Obtain the probability , by counting , of each possible sample if a random sample of size 2 is taken from

a-A finite population of size 3.

b-A finite population of size 4.

10.35- When we sample from an infinite population , what happens to the standard error of the mean when the sample size is

a-Increased from 30 to 120.

b-Decreased from 245 to 5.

10.36- When we sample from an infinite population , what happens to the standard error of the mean when the sample size is

a-Decreased from 1000 to 10?

b-Increased from 80 to 500

10.37- What is the value of the finite population correction factor when

1-N= 100 and n= 10;

2-N=300 and n=25

3-N=5000 and n=100

With the majority of health-care costs spent for the treatment of chronic diseases (High BP, Dibetes & HIV) and the reason for most emergency room visits being non-emergencies, the time is ripe for telemedicine in South Africa. More so with Covid-19 pandemic, patients are reluctunt to visit a hospital for non-emergencies. Patients are using their phones, tablets, and keyboards instead of making an office visit or trip to the emergency room. Technology makes it possible for doctors to consult with patients through Skype or FaceTime on smartphones, access medical tests via electronic medical records, and send a prescription to a patient’s local pharmacy—all from miles away. The telemedicine industry is still in its infancy, earning only $868 million in annual revenue in 2017, but it is predicted to increase to an almost $56 billion industry by 2023. It is expected to exhibit a CAGR of 17% from 2018 to 2023 (forecast period). Technology isn’t the only reason for this industry’s growth such as adoption of electronic health records (EHR) by hospitals is one of the primary drivers of the market. The legislation suport by Governements that are encouraging electronic medical records is also adding fuel to this fire. In order to ensure health care services are still being provided during the national period of shut down and during the Covid- 19 pandemic and to achieve the objectives of “The Allied Health Professions Act” (63) was amended on 25 March 2020 by President Cyril Ramaphosa that allows to practice telehealth and/or telemedicne for medical professionals.

Based on the scenario given above, critically discuss pros and cons of offering medical services with help of telemedicine. Critically discuss the marketing decisions that may be used in the selected product life cycle of telemedicine? Critically evaluate the role of mobile technology and artificial intelligence (AI) in the evolution of this industry and predict future trajectory? Justify your response.

Appendix F:  Willow Wade Information

For your sixth client, your boss wants you to prepare Form 1040, Schedule C, and SE for Willow Wade.

Facts:

Willow Wade is a successful, 30-year old attorney.   She has a law office near the circuit court building on Smith Court and a home office. The home office is one of the bedrooms in her 4-bedroom home in Aiea, HI.   She is on the cash method.  

Prepare Form 1040, Schedule C, and SE for her self-employment taxes.