The use of long-term debt is a traditional part of the fiscal policy of state and local governments.

True or False

When a lease payment is made, an entry is made in the debt service (or appropriate governmental) fund to record an expenditure, and an entry is made in the governmental activities accounts to reduce Lease Obligations Payable.

True or False

The use of encumbrance accounting is required for debt service funds.

True or False

Debt service funds for term bonds would generally include sinking fund investments.

True or False

Governmental fund liabilities and expenditures for debt service on general long-term debt are generally recognized in the reporting period that debt payments are due.

True or False

Which of the following statements is true?

Multiple Choice

Debt margin is reported in the governmental activities column of the government-wide statements.

Debt limit represents the total amount of indebtedness of specified kinds that is allowed by law to be outstanding at any one time.

Overlapping debt is a calculation of the difference between the amount of debt limit calculated as prescribed by law and the net amount of outstanding indebtedness subject to limitation.

All of the given statements are true.

Visit a local retailer and while you are there, you need to find a NEW product. It could be identified on the store shelf or on the packaging of the product, but be sure it is identified as NEW to the market. Then, please answer the following questions:

1. What is the name of the product? Do you think this product is increasing the breadth or the depth of the product line? Why did you choose your answers? Support this argument with course material.
2. Is the brand name of the product a good fit for the product? Why or why not? Again, support this argument with course material.
3. Did the maker of the product use packaging and labeling well? List and describe the packaging or labeling strategies you see being used.
4. Do you think this new product will diffuse quickly or slowly through the marketplace? Why? Go into detail using at least one of the characteristics influencing the diffusion of innovation (found in Chapter 12) to support your answer.

A newspaper story headline reads "Gender Plays Part in Monkeys' Toy Choices, Research Finds—Like Humans, Male Monkeys Choose Balls and Cars, While Females Prefer Dolls and Pots."† The article goes on to summarize findings published in the paper "Sex Differences in Response to Children's Toys in Nonhuman Primates."† Forty-four male monkeys and 44 female monkeys were each given a variety of toys, and the time spent playing with each toy was recorded. The table gives means and standard deviations (approximate values read from graphs in the paper) for the percentage of the time that a monkey spent playing with a particular toy. Assume that it is reasonable to regard these two samples of 44 monkeys as representative of the populations of male monkeys and of female monkeys. Use a 0.05 significance level for any hypothesis tests that you carry out when answering the various parts of this exercise. (Use μ₁ for male monkeys and μ₂ for female monkeys.)

(a)

The police car was considered a "masculine" toy. Do these data provide convincing evidence that the mean percentage of the time spent playing with the police car is greater for male monkeys than for female monkeys?

State the appropriate null and alternative hypotheses.

Find the test statistic and P-value. (Use technology. Round your test statistic to one decimal place and your P-value to three decimal places.)

State the conclusion in the problem context.

(b)

The doll was considered a "feminine" toy. Do these data provide convincing evidence that the mean percentage of the time spent playing with the doll is greater for female monkeys than for male monkeys?

State the appropriate null and alternative hypotheses.

Find the test statistic and P-value. (Use technology. Round your test statistic to one decimal place and your P-value to three decimal places.)

State the conclusion in the problem context.

(c)

The furry dog was considered a "neutral" toy. Do these data provide convincing evidence that the mean percentage of the time spent playing with the furry dog is not the same for male and female monkeys?

State the appropriate null and alternative hypotheses.

Find the test statistic and P-value. (Use technology. Round your test statistic to one decimal place and your P-value to three decimal places.)

State the conclusion in the problem context.

You have been asked to engage in one final project for the chain of department stores for which you have been working concerning the sales of a type of shirt that they carry. Specifically, this time you wish to study the nature of the relationship between the average daily number of hours the stores are open and monthly sales for the month you have been studying. You wish to utilize the average daily number of hours the stores are open as a variable designed to predict and explain sales of the item in this month. Data concerning these two variables of interest is collected from a random sample of stores throughout the chain of stores. This data is shown on the next page. Various questions will be asked and then need to be answered about the results you generate. These questions follow the presentation of the data. You should answer the questions posed in a memo that will accompany your results. Where appropriate, be sure to annotate the printouts you include as a part of the work you have accomplished. Data: Number of Hours Sales 14 348 12 355 9 325 10 401 22 455 20 398 18 288 17 350 13 380 19 438 18 386 23 430 19 320 20 489 11 354 22 480 17 420 19 456 9 289 15 376 13 337 11 306 a) Create a scatter diagram of this data. Before you proceed further, make some observations about the behavior of the data, if you are able, based solely upon this diagram. b) Find the regression coefficients and the regression equation for this data by using the method of least squares analysis. c) On a separate scatter diagram, plot the regression line. State any additional observations about the behavior of the data you can based upon this scatter diagram. d) Provide meanings for each of the regression coefficients. Be sure these meanings relate specifically to the problem you are studying e) Use your regression equation in to predict monthly sales for a store or stores that are open for a daily average of 15 hours. Do the same for a store or stores that are open for a daily average of 8 hours. Do you have any concerns with either of these predictions? State a reason or reasons for any concerns you might have with either or both predictions.

Based on what you have read about compensating salespeople, do you think salespeople should be compensated using only fixed salary, only commission, or a combination of the two? Please explain your answer. If you chose the combined approach, what would you consider the optimal ratio of fixed salary to commission?

1. 1. What is the difference between motile and sessile growth of microorganisms?
2. 2. Describe in detail the steps in formation and structure of biofilms.
   3. Provide one example of a biofilm in nature that is beneficial. Provide one example of a biofilm in clinical environments that is harmful.  
   4. Briefly explain how microorganisms communicate in a biofilm?   
   5. What is a quorum? What does a quorum do for a potential biological effect?
   6. How can quorum sensing increase the disease causing ability of bacteria?
   7. How could biofilm formation be inhibited or prevented from forming?  
   8. Why do biofilms provide an evolutionary advantage to microbes in the biofilm (HINT: what are the advantages of living in biofilm)

In a study of red/green color blindness, 500 men and 2650 women are randomly selected and tested. Among the men, 43 have red/green color blindness. Among the women, 7 have red/green color blindness. Test the claim that men have a higher rate of red/green color blindness.

(Note: Type ‘‘p_m″ for the symbol pm , for example p_mnot=p_w for the proportions are not equal, p_m>p_w for the proportion of men with color blindness is larger, p_m