1. Sharks are able to detect bioelectric fields of their prey. What other adaptations (morphological, behavioral, or physiological) do these sharks possess that make them excellent predators?
2. What are two features that put the octopus in the phylum Mollusca?
3. Which is more closely related to a human, an octopus or tunicate? Why?
4. What body form do sea jellies exhibit, medusa or polyp? What 3 or 4 components of the organism can you identify?
5. Why does a sea otter groom its fur so much?
6. How do they obtain their food preferences? How does it eat hard-shelled prey?
7. How do sea otters “stay warm”? How does this differ from the way in which seals stay warm?
8. . What type of coloration do penguins exhibit and how does this type of coloration aid them in their natural environment?
9. What other organisms at the aquarium have this type of coloration?
10. How is their body shape and morphology adapted for an aquatic habitat?
11. the giant sea bass, also known as the black sea bass. These fish were hunted to near extinction before laws were put in place to protect them. How does this fish move?
12. What do you think is this animal’s top predator as a full-sized adult?
13. What type of coloration do they exhibit?
14. What are two ways by which seals and sea lions differ anatomically?
15. Which set of flippers do sea lions use for propulsion? Seals?
16. How do you generally identify males vs. females?

The home range of an animal is the average area it occupies while foraging for food and defending its territory. It is thought that home ranges of animals usually do not change, except when an area is under environmental stress.  As part of a study of white-tailed deer in Florida, the deer were fitted with radio collars and their movements were followed over the course of a year.  The home range data are shown below, where the range is expressed in hectares (1 hectare  = 2.471 acres). The investigators are interested in determining whether the home ranges of white-tailed deer decreased over the course of a year.  

Assume the conditions for normality and simple random samples are met.  Conduct a hypothesis test on the mean of the differences to determine if the home range for the deer has decreased due to human expansion into their habitat, using a 5% level of significance.

A very prominent virologist, you decided to play in your laboratory growing different viruses. You have obtained one enveloped, icohahedral positive strand RNA virus. The replication of this virus is insensitive to any nucleic acid synthesis inhibitor you can think of. Your only problem is that the susceptible cells are human lung epithelial cells, which you do not have.

During a recent meeting of the American Society of the Frustrated Virologists, you heard a paper describing how monkey kidney cells (Vero) could be successfully infected with the virus you have. The trick is to co-infect or pre-infect Vero cells with a virus that would cause fusion from without between normal and infected cells.

Back in your Fort, you decide to try this experiment. You have two viruses that can help you, RSV and Sendai virus, both are paramyxoviruses, Which virus will you use?

Be specific when answering the following:

a. Discuss the mechanism that would allow your virus to establish a productive infection, in otherwise non-susceptible cells

b. Will the progeny virions be able to continue infecting Vero cells?

Hint: Fusii\on from without between two cells can occur within 30 minutes following infection with an m.o.i of 5. Such cell fusion is also achieved even if the fusing virus has been inactivated by ultra violet radiation prior to infect

You infected 3,000,000 cells with 9,000,000 pfu of the fusing virus (titer determined before the start of the experiment)

The accurate reporting of the accounting and finance functions of the new business is an important consideration to the new small business owner. The reports compiled for the business are used for an industry comparative analysis, calculate financial ratios, and to project the future earnings of a business. What happens if there is an error or incorrect reporting in those statements?
Obviously, the business owner should investigate the issue to discover if there was an error, transposition, or another form of human oversight. In certain cases, innocent errors are made in the reporting process and the responsible employee apologizes to the boss for the oversight that resulted in the error. However, in other cases, there are dishonest individuals working for the business who cause the firm to report incorrect data as a result of embezzlement, employee theft, or an additional dishonest circumstance.
The “FBI investigates cases resulting in indictments and convictions of corporate criminals (Federal bureau of investigation) related to workplace crimes. The results found indicate that there are many dishonest employees who steal from their employers. The business owner needs to create a keen sense of awareness in reference to employee theft and other dishonest practices associated with the financial reporting process.
Discussion Questions
1. What would you do if you were a small business owner and you discovered that your accountant was embezzling funds from the business as shown by your analysis of liquidity ratios?

2. As a business owner, what are some of the precautions that you could take to assure accurate reporting in your financial records?

3. Would you report such theft to the authorities? Why of why not?

Conclusion Mental disorders are a major part of the global burden of disease. People with mental disorders experience significant disability (i.e., limitation of functioning at the physical, personal, and societal levels)24 and poor quality of life, and their families and communities are greatly affected. Furthermore, there is serious social stigma attached to mental disorders. Although efficacious methods of managing mental disorders exist, they are not applied to a sufficient degree. This gap between reality and potential indicates a major and unnecessary loss in the productive capacity and well-being of affected persons and communities. Health, in this sense, refers to the productive capacity and wellbeing of persons and communities. We should think of investing in health as investing in the future. Consequently, we cannot remain indifferent to the loss of such an important segment of human and social capital as is represented by those suffering from untreated mental disorders. We must therefore research the efficacy, effectiveness, cost-effectiveness, and generalizability of mental health interventions. We need to translate the findings ofbasic science into treatment and prevention interventions. Finally, we must investigate how these interventions might best be implemented in the real world. With successful medical treatments and guidelines, increased focus on outcomes, consumer involvement, and quality assurance, we can achieve this. But we need to strive for parity for mental disorders in our thinking and our practice. And we must mainstream mental health into research and public health.

Write about what you learned from it, and what you would do for the future.

Essays should be similar to the “conclusion” section of a paper and be approximately 1-2 paragraphs long.

Q: The Paris Climate Conference (COP21) in December 2015, 195 countries adopted the first ever universal, legally binding global climate deal. The agreement sets out a global action plan to put the world on track to avoid dangerous climate change by limiting global warming to well below 2 degrees Celsius. COP21 limits the amount of greenhouse gases emitted by human activity to the same levels that trees, soil and oceans can absorb naturally, beginning at some point between 2050 and 2100. Some countries are concerned about the costs of making such a cut in carbon emissions. Economists have measured that the cost of pollution control is between $15 - 20 per ton of carbon emitted. However, there is a great deal of uncertainty about what the costs might be; some say it will be easy to reduce carbon emissions, others say it will be very expensive. In one developed country, two proposals are being considered to achieve the reduction. Proposal A involves the issuance of permits for carbon emissions every year, with the number of permits equaling the targeted emission level proposed by the Paris Agreement (assume that the target is 8% less carbon emissions than in 2000). Each permit will be good for emitting one ton of carbon. Proposal B is the same as Proposal A except that the government agrees to sell an unlimited number of additional permits for $20 each.

a. Explain how each of these proposals work and what the price of permits might end up being under each proposal.

b. Discuss the pros and cons of each proposal.

There is not a cure for HIV yet, but there is an effective treatment for reducing the likelihood of transmission of HIV from an infected mother to her unborn child (or born child, through breast milk). In the absence of treatment, the likelihood of transmission averages about 25%. In collaboration with Eastern Mediterranean University Faculty of Pharmacy, a Cyprus based, private pharmaceutical company KuntePharma develop a new drug called HIV-OFF. Researchers from the university and KuntePharma, travel to X country in Africa and ask 200 pregnant HIV-positive mothers there to participate in a trial for a new drug that reduces, “from mother to child” HIV transmission. It is said that, the reasons of choosing Africa are: “Compared to Cyprus it would cost much less and the fact that laws and regulations allow more flexibility to conduct the research in the X country”. The give 100 women a placebo, and they give 100 women HIV-LESS. Of the 100 HIV-LESS children, only 1 contract HIV. Of the 100 placebo children, 44 do. In this study, 45 children contract HIV, when it is likely that, if all the participants were given HIV-LESS, less would have. Are the scientists morally responsible for the transmission of HIV to more children in this trial? Remembering the concepts Consent, Placebo, Risk-benefit-harm, The Rights of the Patients, exploitation; respect for persons and utilitarian approaches and others that you might think relevant to this case, which were discussed during the course, discuss if this trial is ethical? You might compare the dynamics of this case with historic examples that caused drastic changes in understanding of experimentations on human beings and formed the present day ethical principles and laws.