Questions
A typical college student spends an average of 2.55 hours a day using a computer. A...

A typical college student spends an average of 2.55 hours a day using a computer. A sample of 13 students at The University of Findlay revealed the sample mean of 2.70 hours and sample standard deviation of 0.51 hours.

Can we conclude that the mean number of hours per day using the computer by students at The University of Findlay is the same as the typical student’s usage? Use the five step hypothesis testing procedure and the 0.05 significance level.

In: Statistics and Probability

A university wants to start a hockey team finding that 83% of a random sample of...

A university wants to start a hockey team finding that 83% of a random sample of 100 people support the establishment of said team. However, the sample appears to contain 80 mean and 20 women; another random sample of the university body suggests that the true percentage of support for a hockey team is 55%. Calculate the test statistic one would use to determine if there is a significant difference between the male dominated sample and the "normal" sample.

In: Statistics and Probability

A university wants to start a hockey team finding that 83% of a random sample of...

A university wants to start a hockey team finding that 83% of a random sample of 100 people support the establishment of said team. However, the sample appears to contain 80 mean and 20 women; another random sample of the university body suggests that the true percentage of support for a hockey team is 55%. Calculate the test statistic one would use to determine if there is a significant difference between the male dominated sample and the "normal" sample.

In: Statistics and Probability

Could you show me how you completed this? A state board of directors is trying to...

Could you show me how you completed this?

A state board of directors is trying to determine if there is a difference in pay for teachers at its two universities. The first university has 42 teachers with an average pay of $58,500 and a population standard deviation of $3,200. The second university has 51 teachers with an average pay of $60,200 and a population standard deviation of $11,700. Determine if there is a difference using a 0.05 level of significance.

Thank you!

In: Statistics and Probability

Fuzzy logic modeling has many advantages over the conventional rule induction algorithm. For the discussion forum,...

Fuzzy logic modeling has many advantages over the conventional rule induction algorithm. For the discussion forum, you work in the admissions office of a University. There are a large number of applicants to the University. You classify them into three clusters-admitted, rejected, and those who should be admitted. For the third cluster, how would you handle this taking into consideration the fuzzy logic modeling? Would ranking be a consideration?

need 300 words with no plagrism

In: Computer Science

Bandung Corporation began 2020 with a $46,000 balance in the deferred tax liability account. At the...

Bandung Corporation began 2020 with a $46,000 balance in the deferred tax liability account. At the end of 2020, the related cumulative temporary difference amounts to $350,000 and it will reverse evenly over the next 2 years. Pretax accounting income for 2020 is $525,000, the tax rat for all years is 20%, taxable income for 2020 is $405,000.

a) Compute income taxes payable for 2020

b) Prepare the journal entry to record income tax expense, deferred income taxes, and income tax payable for 2020

c) Prepare the income tax expense section of the income statement for 2020 beginning with the line "Income before income tax"

In: Accounting

Background facts After graduating from your business degree at Central Queensland University you recently commenced working...

Background facts After graduating from your business degree at Central Queensland University you recently commenced working at a professional consulting services firm called “Squared Consulting” in the State or Territory in which you are undertaking your studies. You work in the legal compliance team and utilise your knowledge of commerce and law acquired from LAWS20059 to advise a diverse range of clients. You specialise in advising clients on how Australian law governs business structuresin the operation of commercial activities. Giovanni is a trained pizza maker who worked for 10 years as the head pizza maker at a national pizza chain called “Molto Bene”. His wife, Sandra, said to him one day: “your pizzas are terrific, you should start a pizza shop”. Giovanni thought that was a wonderful idea, so he began planning the grand opening of his new pizza shop. However, he only had $100,000 and the cost of starting a pizza shop was approximately $300,000 so he needed to either borrow money or invite partners to join him in the business. His aunt, Leanne, and uncle, Mick, each had about $100,000 in savings and they were keen to get into a pizza making business. They want to maintain a family business, so they do not want any outside investors. Giovanni, Leanne and Mick go into business together and they each contribute $100,000 into the business. They call the pizza shop “Dough Magic” and they charge $19 per pizza, which gives them approximately $4 profit on each pizza if they are sold. They agree that Giovanni will receive 50% of the profits, Leanne will receive 25% of the profits and Mick will receive 25% of the profits. They want to keep start up, regulatory and compliance costs to a minimum and they all want to participate in running the business. They also want to protect their personal assets. Giovanni, Leanne and Mick organise a meeting with your firm because they have a number of questions about different business structures.

Part A – BUSINESS STRUCTURES To prepare for the client meeting your supervisor, Jonathan, asks you to write a report which:

1. identifies two legal differences between a sole trader and a partnership.

2. explains a legal partnership on the one hand, and a company on the other.

3. explains one way a business would use a truststructure, the role of each participant in the trust and identifies the three elements required for a valid express trust. In Part A you must write a written report which addresses all the above points.

15 marks – 1,000 words maximum

Part B – COMPANIES AND THE CORPORATE VEIL

The pizza shop is doing well and making a profit. In fact, the pizza shop is doing so well that they need to hire a pizza maker, Fabio. Fabio’s employment contract contains a non-competition clause which is designed to stop him from competing with “Dough Magic” if he ever leaves. Fabio does decide to leave Dough Magic, but he registers a company, Kings of Dough Pty Ltd, which he uses to run a competing pizza shop which trades as “Kings of Dough”. Fabio is the sole director and shareholder of the company. Giovanni, Leanne and Mick learn about “Kings of Dough” and they want to know whether they can take any legal action against Fabio and/or Kings of Dough Pty Ltd. They have heard that companies have separate legal identity, so they are confused about whether they can sue for breach of contract and have the contract enforced. Giovanni, Leanne and Mick make another appointment with your firm for a consultation. To help prepare for the meeting, your supervisor, Jonathan, wants you to write a report for him. In Part B you must write a report which: 4

1. identifies one case law authority which relates to the separate legal personality principle in company law.

2. explains the separate legal personality principle and the concept of the corporate veil.

3. explains the respective role of shareholders and directors of a company.

4. advises whether the corporate veil can be lifted in this circumstance, and what it means for the corporate veil to be lifted. You must identify and apply one case law authority on point.

15 marks – 1,000 words maximum

Part C – ORAL PRESENTATION In Part C you are required to record a 5-minute oral presentation (of no more than 5 minutes in duration) with the use of a visual aid (such as a PowerPoint presentation, a chart, etc). Your supervising partner, Jonathan, has asked you to brief your team on your work advising Giovanni, Leanne and Mick. In your presentation, you must reflect on your reports for the meetings with Giovanni, Leanne and Mick to explain:

1. what business structure you would recommend for the pizza shop.

2. what you learned about the separate legal identity of companies from completing Part B of your assignment.

3. what you learned about veil piercing from completing Part B of your assignment.

Note: You will need to upload your presentation to and provide a link to your presentation in Part C of your assignment answer. Your recorded presentation must be accessible to the marker.

In: Accounting

QUESTION THREE                                         

QUESTION THREE                                                                                                              

Joe Soap owns a general dealer business situated in Umzinto. The following information was provided for Joe’s General Dealers for the financial year ended 28 February 2020.

Joe’s General Dealers

Pre-adjustment trial balance as at 28 February 2020

Debit - R

Credit - R

Vehicles at cost

Equipment at cost

Accumulated depreciation: vehicles

Accumulated depreciation: equipment

Inventory: trading (1 March 2019)

Trade debtors control

Bank

Capital

Drawings

Loan term borrowing from People’s Bank

Trade creditors control

Sales

Sales returns

Purchases

Purchases returns

Carriage on purchases

Carriage on sales

Insurance on purchases

Commission income

Rental income

Settlement discounts received          T0 be deducted from

Settlement discounts granted            relevant trading items

Insurance

Electricity and water

Packing material

Sundry expenses

507 800

448 500

184 900

        55 680

      169 560

     131 000

          5 580

      672 400

          4 596

          3 750

             987

          1 395

        25 725

        15 300

        13 800

      273 822

      107 300

     147 700

      403 300

    300 000

        65 000

1 413 585

          2 735

  

        54 000

        19 500

          1 675

   2 514 795

2 514 795

Additional information

  1. Physical stock-take on 28 February 2020 revealed the following Inventories on hand;
  • Trading inventory                                                 R228 250, and
  • Consumable inventory: packing material            R3 600
  1. A new tenant rented a portion of the premises from 1 March 2019. According to the rental agreement the rent for the period 1 March 2019 to 31 March 2020 was R1 500 per month. Rent is usually received in advance ie. rent is received in the month before it is due. For example; the April 2019 rent was received during March 2019.
  2. Commission income of R10 800, earned in February 2020, has not yet been received nor recorded.
  3. Electricity and water of R1 600 for February 2020 has not been paid and is not yet included in the above records.
  4. The long term loan from People’s Bank was obtained on 1 September 2016 at an interest rate of 11,5% per year. The loan was payable in four (4) equal annual instalments. The first instalment was paid on 31 August 2019. The second instalment is payable on 31 August 2020. Interest is paid during March each year.
  5. A debtor who owes Joe’s General Dealers R12 680 cannot be traced. His account must be written-off as irrecoverable.
  6. The insurance account balance of R25 725 covers the period 1 March 2019 to 30 April 2020. The monthly insurance premium remained unchanged during this period.
  7. Provide for depreciation for the year as follows:
  • Vehicles – at 10% per year on straight line method, and
  • Equipment – at 14% on the diminishing balance method.

      There were no purchases or sales of the above items during the current financial year.

Required:

Use the above information to prepare the statement of profit and loss and other comprehensive income for Joe’s General Dealers for the year ended 28 February 2020.         

Your answer must comply with International Financial Reporting Standards that are appropriate to this type of business.

Round off all amounts to the nearest rand.

All calculations must be shown

In: Accounting

Read and Respond: Comment: The Wage Gap between Men and Woman Virtually Disappears When Differences in...

Read and Respond:

Comment:

The Wage Gap between Men and Woman Virtually Disappears When Differences in Behavior Are Taken into Account

Turns out, different people value different things, and when you control for those differences, there's not much difference between what men and women make.

by Matt Knight (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.

April has come and gone, and, with it, the highly publicized Equal Pay Day (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.. It’s the day of the year on which women are said to have finally reached pay parity with men from the previous year; women working full-time, it turns out, only earn 77 percent (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site., 78 percent (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site., or 79 percent (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site. of what full-time male workers earn, depending on who you ask.

But there’s a problem with those figures, no matter which you choose: they account for exactly one confounding factor.

One.

Other Conditions Are Not Remaining the Same

In economics, there’s this great, smart-sounding Latin phrase—ceteris paribus—which means “with other conditions remaining the same.” It’s a quick way of communicating the idea that we’re trying to figure out exactly how much impact one factor has in determining an outcome.

Back to our numbers: we’re trying to discover just how much influence sexist discrimination has on women’s earnings relative to men’s, we’ve controlled for full-time status, and now we’re saying that—ceteris paribus—sexism alone accounts for a gap of 21 to 23 percent between men and women?

Shouldn’t we try to compare women and men who studied the same things in college and selected careers in the same fields?

Come on.

Granted, controlling for full-time status is important, but surely we can do better than one measly factor. I mean, there are a ton of other things that play into comparing the earnings of men and women, right?

For example, shouldn’t we try to compare women and men who studied the same things in college and selected careers in the same fields? Seems relatively important—and when we do that, the American Association of University Women finds that women actually make 93 percent (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site. of their male coworkers.

What about comparing work experience? Lengthy career interruptions? And, heck, what about overtime? Controlling for those things, a report (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.prepared for the US Department of Labor found that women actually make 95 percent as much as their male coworkers.

I’d say a rise in women’s pay from 77 percent to 95 percent is quite an improvement, wouldn’t you agree?

But wait, there’s more!

Starting a family makes up a large (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site. (and growing (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.) proportion of the total wage gap, and women tend to accept “family-friendly fringe benefits (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.” (flexible hours, child-care, and parental leave, for example) in lieu of higher wages. When we account for these kinds of non-wage compensation, the gap in total compensation falls (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site. to 3.6 percent.

Neat, right?

Challenging the Basic Assumptions

Clearly, controlling for confounding factors is important; but as encouraging as all of these numbers are, we should take a step back and analyze some assumptions behind these comparisons.

Another questionable assumption is that people—not just women—are single-mindedly concerned with maximizing their income.

For one thing, we seem content to uncritically accept the notion that, at some point, when we’ve controlled for everything we can possibly think of, the remaining disparity will necessarily indicate discrimination; but it’s not obvious that this is the case. Stanford economist Thomas Sowell writes, “Where there are very significant differences in known factors between one group and another, it would be reckless to assume that all remaining unknown factors are the same.”

Another questionable assumption is that people—not just women—are single-mindedly concerned with maximizing their income, but that, too, is far from obvious. In fact, individual success (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site. is subjective and multidimensional. Using relative income as a means to compare men and women doesn’t tell us as much as we might wish it would because it ignores the complexity of success.

But even if we accept that comparing wages is a useful means of measuring sexual discrimination, we’re dealing with averages here, and while it’s important to understand what these numbers are telling us, it’s just as important for us to understand what they’re not telling us.

Take this study (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site., published in the American Economic Review, which finds that, when controlling for a host of relevant factors, women earn 97.5 percent of what men earn. Are we supposed to believe that that number is telling us that every female worker makes precisely 97.5 percent of what her male co-workers earn?

Not at all, but it does give us insight into the fact that there’s considerable wage variation between individuals.

If Jack makes more than Jill, what accounts for Jane, who makes more than Jack? What about John, who makes less than Jill?

Let’s say that the average male income is $50,000 per year, meaning that an average adjusted female income of 97.5 percent is $48,750. Sure, half of these women make less than $48,750, but the other half makes more than that. It’s the same thing with men: while half make more than $50,000 per year, the other half makes less.

This means that among the half of women who make more than $48,750 and the half of men who make less than $50,000, there’s considerable overlap, with a not inconsequential number of women out-earning men.

Given this overlap, sexual discrimination as an explanation for disparities in income loses some of its intellectual appeal—after all, if Jack makes more than Jill, what accounts for Jane, who makes more than Jack? What about John, who makes less than Jill?

Turns Out, People Are Different

A more comprehensive explanation of the data might be that men and women make different choices on the basis of differences in values—and, empirically, there’s actually very good reason to believe that this is the case. Research (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site. shows that men and women differ widely in choice of major while attending college. As a result, fewer women than men enter certain fields—STEM (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site., for instance—while the converse is also true—nursing (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site. is just under 9 percent male.

Furthermore, a recent study (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site. found that women choose to enter STEM fields less often in countries where they enjoy a higher degree of gender equality. Coupled with research (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site. that finds that men and women in countries with more gender equality diverge more widely in personality—even as they converge in valuing self-actualization—these facts suggest that empowered women tend to prefer pursuing careers they enjoy over jobs that merely pay them well.

University of Chicago economist Steven D. Levitt puts it this way:

Rather than interpreting women’s lower wages as a failure, perhaps it should be seen as a sign that a higher wage simply isn’t as meaningful an incentive for women as it is for men.”

Don’t get me wrong, here: none of this should be taken to mean that sexism doesn’t exist—it most certainly does—but the data, and especially this analysis, should be encouraging to those of us who are concerned about the economic well-being of women in 2018.

Reprinted from the Libertarian Institute. (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.

Matt Knight (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.

Matt Knight studies economics at Utah State University and is a contributor at The Libertarian Institute.

In: Economics

C PROGRAM Problem Specification: You are a software engineer of a Car Sale company. And Car...

C PROGRAM

Problem Specification:

You are a software engineer of a Car Sale company. And Car Sales is preparing for the end of the year sale. CEO wants to track the sales of your four sales people. You have been asked to help with the preparations for the sales event.

The CEO asked for a program to quickly tabulate their sale. It will be your job to implement this program in C. You are not required to use functions in this lab. Your program will need to perform the following tasks to receive full credit for this assignment:

Read a list of final sales of each sales person into a one-dimensional array.

  • Calculate the percentage of each sales person of the total sales.
  • Print each individual sales percentage.
  • Print the total sales
  • The array will be of type double.
  • Sales will be printed 2 decimal places and the percentage listed with 1 decimal place showing.

Testing:

Try this set of sales, for your test run. $182,550.92        $239,557.34      $98,278.88        $ 411,642.47

Input:

Enter the sales for Sales Person 1: 182550.92

Enter the sales for Sales Person 2: 239557.34

Enter the sales for Sales Person 3: 98278.88

Enter the sales for Sales Person 4: 411642.47

Output:

Sales Person Percentage of Sale

Sales Person 1: 19.6%

Sales Person 2: 25.7%

Sales Person 3: 10.5%

Sales Person 4: 44.2%

Total Sales for Event: $932029.61

In: Computer Science