1) An older man sees his doctor for severe pain in his lower abdominal or flank area, elevated temperature, and nausea. Exhaustive tests rule out abdominal obstructions and infections. Plain X-rays indicate a radiopaque (whitish) spot in the area of his right ureter. Diagnose his problem. Give suggested treatment and prognosis.

2) What clinical effects would low blood pressure have on the kidneys of a burn patient?

3) Eleven-year-old Harry is complaining of a severe sore throat and gets to stay home from school. His pediatrician prescribes a course of broad-spectrum antibiotics, and Harry feels much better within a few days. However, some two weeks later, Harry has a dull, bilateral pain in his lower back and his urine is a smoky brown color. On the basis of Harry's signs and symptoms, diagnose his condition and indicate the relationship (if any) between his present condition and his earlier sore throat.

4) Ellen, a 47-year-old woman who has suffered kidney disease for several years, has been diagnosed with proteinuria. Her legs and feet are so swollen that she has difficulty walking. Her hands and her left arm are also swollen. What is proteinuria, and could this condition be playing a role in her swollen limbs?

5) Rachael has been complaining of frequent and burning urination. She also reported seeing some blood in her urine. Her physician suspects cystitis. What is cystitis, and how can it cause these symptoms?

6) An 18 year old patient has a complaint of painful urination, fever, chills, and back pain. This is her second urinary tract infection (UTI) within 5 months. How can the RN instruct the patient on prevention of another UTI?

7) A 58-year-old woman complains of loss of urine when coughing and sneezing, and during exercise. She has had three children. Describe the possible causes of urinary incontinence in this patient.

8) Explain how an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor (ACE inhibitor) such as captopril would be effective as an antihypertensive.

We ^[49] have seen that the capitalist process of production is a historically determined form of the social process of production in general. The latter is as much a production process of material conditions of human life as a process taking place under specific historical and economic production relations, producing and reproducing these production relations themselves, and thereby also the bearers of this process, their material conditions of existence and their mutual relations, i.e., their particular socio-economic form. For the aggregate of these relations, in which the agents of this production stand with respect to Nature and to one another, and in which they produce, is precisely society, considered from the standpoint of its economic structure. Like all its predecessors, the capitalist process of production proceeds under definite material conditions, which are, however, simultaneously the bearers of definite social relations entered into by individuals in the process of reproducing their life. Those conditions, like these relations, are on the one hand prerequisites, on the other hand results and creations of the capitalist process of production; they are produced and reproduced by it. We saw also that capital — and the capitalist is merely capital personified and functions in the process of production solely as the agent of capital — in its corresponding social process of production, pumps a definite quantity of surplus-labour out of the direct producers, or labourers; capital obtains this surplus-labour without an equivalent, and in essence it always remains forced labour — no matter how much it may seem to result from free contractual agreement. This surplus-labour appears as surplus-value, and this surplus-value exists as a surplus-product. Surplus-labour in general, as labour performed over and above the given requirements, must always remain. In the capitalist as well as in the slave system, etc., it merely assumes an antagonistic form and is supplemented by complete idleness of a stratum of society. A definite quantity of surplus-labour is required as insurance against accidents, and by the necessary and progressive expansion of the process of reproduction in keeping with the development of the needs and the growth of population, which is called accumulation from the viewpoint of the capitalist. It is one of the civilising aspects of capital that it enforces this surplus-labour in a manner and under conditions which are more advantageous to the development of the productive forces, social relations, and the creation of the elements for a new and higher form than under the preceding forms of slavery, serfdom, etc. Thus it gives rise to a stage, on the one hand, in which coercion and monopolisation of social development (including its material and intellectual advantages) by one portion of society at the expense of the other are eliminated; on the other hand, it creates the material means and embryonic conditions, making it possible in a higher form of society to combine this surplus-labour with a greater reduction of time devoted to material labour in general. For, depending on the development of labour productivity, surplus-labour may be large in a small total working-day, and relatively small in a large total working-day. If the necessary labour-time = 3 and the surplus-labour = 3, then the total working-day = 6 and the rate of surplus-labour = 100%. If the necessary labour = 9 and the surplus-labour = 3, then the total working-day = 12 and the rate of surplus-labour only = 33⅓%. In that case, it depends upon the labour productivity how much use-value shall be produced in a definite time, hence also in a definite surplus labour-time. The actual wealth of society, and the possibility of constantly expanding its reproduction process, therefore, do not depend upon the duration of surplus-labour, but upon its productivity and the more or less copious conditions of production under which it is performed. In fact, the realm of freedom actually begins only where labour which is determined by necessity and mundane considerations ceases; thus in the very nature of things it lies beyond the sphere of actual material production. Just as the savage must wrestle with Nature to satisfy his wants, to maintain and reproduce life, so must civilised man, and he must do so in all social formations and under all possible modes of production. With his development this realm of physical necessity expands as a result of his wants; but, at the same time, the forces of production which satisfy these wants also increase. Freedom in this field can only consist in socialised man, the associated producers, rationally regulating their interchange with Nature, bringing it under their common control, instead of being ruled by it as by the blind forces of Nature; and achieving this with the least expenditure of energy and under conditions most favourable to, and worthy of, their human nature. But it nonetheless still remains a realm of necessity. Beyond it begins that development of human energy which is an end in itself, the true realm of freedom, which, however, can blossom forth only with this realm of necessity as its basis. The shortening of the working-day is its basic prerequisite.

What does the reading say? What are the key concepts in the reading? Write a paragraph summarizing the reading.

QUESTION 1

Advanced Directives:

State the following statement as True or False:

1. Change can be viewed as a challenge or an opportunity. With the proliferation of mobile technology, everyone—not just IT —has the ability to get in on the action. HR professionals interact with every member of an organization and understand the importance of collaboration, engagement and efficiency in driving overall employee satisfaction and boosting the company bottom line

2. Everything we have of value as human beings, as a civilization, is the result of our intelligence and what AI could do is essentially be a power tool that magnifies human intelligence and gives us the ability to move our civilization forward in all kinds of ways.

3. Use of technology in human relationships: As the world develops, people are getting more carried away with their work and carries. Today a lot is demanded so everyone is busy to have time to find a relationship. However, virtual relationships are not as strong as physical relationships, so I advise you to take off time and meet people. On the other hand, people who over participate in virtual relationships, end up with no friends in real life and they develop a disease called cyber-sickness and loneliness.

4. While neoliberalism has varied in its manifestations in different countries and regulatory arenas, the common core has been the promotion of market-based solutions to a broad range of issues. In other words, Neoliberalism brings together the classical liberal economic faith in the ability of properly functioning markets to improve social welfare with a new political commitment to expand market relations into traditionally public arenas such as healthcare, education, and environmental management.

5. Neoliberalism can fairly be considered a regime of scientific management because it draws from key principles and common outcomes that serve a heuristic function for STS and those seeking a greater understanding of neoliberalism.

6. It seems only natural to think about moral solutions to moral problems arrived at by moral means. Sometimes this is the only thing we can do. Sometimes however our moral dilemmas are amenable to a technical solution.

7. Even when women enroll in science and technology programs, many drop out due to lack of flexible work hours and child care, therefore, quality health care, financial resources, higher social and economic status, are significant roles in government and politics and are needed to help woman achieve parity in the fields of science, technology and innovation.

8. Economic opportunity, the internet and LGBT people together can benefit if some companies welcome LGBT employees because it is good for business.

9. Despite efforts to give women greater access to education in science and technology in some countries, the research shows they are still significantly under-represented in many degree programs, especially in engineering, physics and computer science. But even with improved access to science and technology education, women have not increased their numbers in the workforce in these professional areas. In fact, in some countries, including the USA, the number of women in the science and technology workforce is declining.

10. During and following the War, computer programming became known as a “woman’s” profession, analogous to clerical work.

11. Special feature of the responsibility of engineers, are not the responsibility to prevent situations which are morally dilemmatic and which must inevitably lead to suboptimal solutions or compromises and trade-offs from a moral point of view.

12. Women in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) presents in-depth accessible profiles of environmental and social barriers: including stereotypes, gender bias, and the climate of science and engineering.

13. Telecommuting can increase productivity, save money and improve employee satisfaction. However, a remote workforce can present unique challenges, including employees who are absent from company culture. Consider using technology to address this challenge by incorporating social collaboration tools (e.g. Salesforce Chatter, or online videoconferencing) to simulate the face-to-face office experience.

14. The tech industry rallying together to support America’s LGBT community means far more than just protecting business though. It is also an important reminder of the profound impact that technology and the Internet have on the lives of minority, marginalized, and repressed communities, including the diverse LGBT community.

15. If society would turn around the causes of the lack of women in science and technology, it will open up new and rewarding career pathways for women as well as bringing huge benefits to STEM industries.

16. For years, HR departments have paved the way in the use of technology for the workplace. And, with the proliferation of new technologies, particularly mobile, this pattern should continue since the HR function touches every employee of a company.

1. What is the term for the equilibrium of the body's internal environment due to the interaction of multiple regulatory processes?
2. Which part of a feedback system receives output from a control center and creates a response or effect to change a controlled condition?
3. The standard position by which all anatomical descriptions are expressed in relation to each other is known as which of the following?
4. Which type of feedback system tends to strengthen or reinforce a change in a controlled condition?
5. Which type of tissue creates movement in the body and generates heat?
6. Which type of tissue connects, protects, and supports organs and distributes blood vessels to other tissues?
7. Which structural level of organization includes atoms and molecules?
8. Which type of tissue produces chemicals and fluid that digests food in the stomach?
9. Which anatomical name for the major region of the body known commonly as the neck?
10. Which type of feedback system reverses changes in a controlled condition?
11. Which structural level of organization encompasses the entire body and all levels of organization within it?
12. What is composed of two or more different types of tissues?
13. The respiratory system transfers oxygen from inhaled air to the blood. What does it transfer from the blood to exhaled air?
14. Which system of the human body breaks down food physically and chemically and absorbs nutrients?
15. Which of the following is a component of the lymphatics system? 1- Epididymides 2- thymus 3- parathyroid gland 4- gallbladder
16. Which system of the human body houses the cells that produce blood cells?
17. Which system of the human body releases hormones to regulate body activities?
18. The urinary system includes which of the following components? 1- Urethra 2- Uterus 3- Uterine tubes 4- Thymus
19. Which of the following systems produce sounds via air passing out of the lungs through the vocal cords? 1- Nervous 2- Integumentary 3-Lymphatic 4- Respiratory
20. The muscular system includes which type of voluntarily controlled muscle tissue? 1- cardiovascular 2- Skeleton
21. Within the thoracic cavity, which of the following is the space surrounding the heart? 1- Pericardial cavity 2- pleural cavity 3- mediastinum 4- diaphragm
22. Which of the following organs is included in the pelvic cavity? 1- Urinary bladder 2- Liver 3- kidney 4- Spleen
23. In the system of dividing the abdominopelvic cavity into nine regions, what line is drawn through the midpoint of the left clavicle, just medial to the left nipple?
24. Which of the following is the dome-shaped structure separating the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities? 1- Mediastinum 2- Diaphragm 3- Pericardium 4- Pleura
25. The protective tissues surrounding the brain and spinal cord are known as what?
26. The dorsal cavity includes the cranial cavity and what?
27. Which of the following is a term for one of the nine regions of the abdominopelvic cavity? 1- Mediastinum 2- Right upper quadrant 3- Hypogastric 4- parietal
28. Within the thoracic cavity, what is the term for the spaces surrounding the lungs?
29. What type of movement is characterized by an increase in the angle between the articulating bones of a synovial joint?
30. What type of movement is characterized by a lateral movement of the sole of the foot, away from the midline?
31. Which directional term means on the opposite side of the body from another structure?
32. Which directional term means nearer to the attachment of a limb to the trunk or nearer to the origination of a structure?
33. A transverse plane is also known as what?
34. Which directional term means on the same side of the body as another structure?
35. Which directional term, also known as DORSAL, means nearer to or at the back of the body?
36. Which movement is characterized by a decrease in the angle between the articulating bones of a synovial joint?
37. Which movement is characterized by a movement of the forearm in which the palm is turned anteriorly, a position that is one of the defining features of the anatomical position?
38. A midsagittal plane is also known as what?
39. Which movement is characterized by the movement of a body part in a circle?
40. Which regions of the upper limb is also known as the fingers?
41. The spinal column is also known as what region?
42. The sternal region is a component of which body regions?
43. Which region of the lower limb is also known as the space behind the knee?
44. The cheeks are also known as which region?
45. The chest is also known as which region?
46. The cranial and facial regions are parts of which major region of the body?
47. The region known as the lower limb is attached to the trunk and includes a thigh, leg, ankle, foot, and what?
48. Which of region of the upper limb is also known as the forearm?
49. Which region is also known as the navel?
50. The eyes are also known as what region?

Case Study
C & S Department Store is the second largest clothing and retail store chain in Jamaica. At present, they have 5 clothing and retail stores in all 14 parishes and are planning to expand to 7 stores per parish in the next 3 years. C & S Department Store has a centralized Human Resource Department located at its main office in Kingston. Unfortunately, although the HR processes are managed centrally, there are many HR tasks, policies and procedures that are controlled by the clothing and retail store managers or by the lead parish manger in each parish. Currently, the HR management processes are using Excel spreadsheet to compile reports from various parish Headquarters and stores. This task is being performed by a team of HR executives at its main office in Kingston.
Simone Coram is the Senior HR Manager of C & S Department Store and has discovered various administrative and HR issues with the clothing and retail store sites. Due to high focus on sales revenue and stores profitability, Retail Store Managers have difficulties in managing the stores in the areas of staff attendance, discipline and critical HR practices.
The fundamental emphasis and foundation of C & S Department Store has been centered on always maintaining the highest standards of customer service and for that reason they are in direct contact with customers at each and every Department Store. What sets C & S Department apart is a commitment to exceeding expectations making it one of their unique selling points. Giving excellent customer service is one of the main reasons why their customers choose C & S Department Store and why they keep coming back.
Imperatively, the entity’s strategy is purposed towards employing the ideal candidate for both their part-time and full-time sales associates with the capacity and proficiency to grow and hone their skills for prospective advanced position within the organization. Presently, the store managers for three (3) of C&S Department Store have made the announcement that they plan to retire within the next 18 to 24 month. These three managers have insisted that they will not remain in their position beyond this particular point.
A team of HR internal auditors has conducted a study and identified that there are irregularities in the staff attendance data both at the retail stores and regional offices. Sometimes many of the staff did not sign the attendance register or signed intermittently. During the HR audit, it was discovered that some staff signed the attendance register only at the end of the day. Further, sometimes staff signed the register and then left their post. There was also no mechanism to track the leave data of employees. Employees did not know their exact leave data. At the end of the year it was revealed that some employees have taken excess leave while some employees worked incessantly, creating frustration among staff.
There was also no standardization in the reports between head office, regional offices and the retail stores and this created discrepancies. HR provided a set of excel sheets and paper-based forms to help store managers maintain data. However, many store managers used and made unique formats of reports making it difficult to collate the reports. The data thus collated had to be verified over again and again, as there was a tendency for errors to emerge.
This discrepancy has caused a significant issue in salary. HR and attendance data were used to generate data for payroll. As there were many discrepancies in HR data and reports, this created several salary discrepancies and caused numerous issues among the employees, thus lowering employee satisfaction rate and affecting the employee morale.
Training and communication have become a major issue at C & S Department Store. As the company was growing at a fast pace, training employees on various HR procedures and policies was becoming increasingly difficult. Thus line managers took decisions based on their previous experience or personal insights and created unnecessary hassles that required HR intervention.
The staff turnover in two (2) key departments of Marketing and Accounts was running at 90%. Estimated cost of staff turnover - including overtime, loss of revenue, loss of skills, training time and management time to replace a staff member – is equivalent to approximately $3,000 per position thus costing the business around $500,000 per year.
Human Resource Management focuses on matching the needs of the business with the needs and development of employees and as such you are required to answer the following questions based on the scenario represented above

1. What is Human Resource Management? Explain the functions of the HRM. Based on the scenario, identify five (5) challenges that C&S Department Store faces and propose appropriate HRM solutions to meet the challenges identified.

Sarah, a forty-nine-year-old Anglo woman, visits her physician complaining of weight loss, sweating, listlessness, and flu-like symptoms (fever, headache, scratchy throat, generalized body ache). After checking her history the physician notes that Sarah is married, has four children, and no previous history of chronic illness. Her weight has decreased 15 pounds over the past three months and she presents with a temperature of 101 degrees F, a slightly elevated pulse (85 beats per minute), normal blood pressure (112/78 mm Hg), and slightly labored breathing. Sarah has a negative family history of cardiovascular and respiratory diseases. All of her family members are living and are free of cardiovascular or respiratory diseases. Sarah does not smoke and is current on all immunizations. She does report that she developed these symptoms a few days after visiting a friend whose son was home with a cold. After a chest X-ray and physical examination of Sarah’s ear, nose, and throat, the physician confirms the diagnosis and prescribes bed rest, aspirin, and a nasal decongestant. The physician also cautions Sarah from returning to her normal activities until she has been afebrile for a minimum of 24 hours. Sarah’s condition continues to worsen such that a week later she returns to her physician’s office. She has pain on the left side of her chest, is coughing more frequently and her sputum has a yellow color. Her respiratory rate is 32 breaths per minute and her breathing is labored. Her blood pressure is unchanged and does not demonstrate postural changes. Breath sounds indicate inspiratory rales and a chest X-ray indicates a dense infiltrate within the lungs. Physical examination reveals lymphadenopathy. The physician suspects pneumonia and orders laboratory tests on Sarah’s blood and sputum. The results of the sputum tests indicate the presence of gram-positive diplococci and polymorphonucleocytes that are too numerous to count. What concerns the physician, however, are the results of Sarah’s blood test. Her blood tests indicate leukopenia, anemia, and thrombocytopenia. In addition, the differential leukocyte count indicates that the concentration of helper T cells has decreased. The physician now suspects that Sarah has been infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and that she has developed pneumonia as a result of the immune suppression. In reviewing her history, the physician notes that Sarah has been married for the past 30 years and does not admit to any extramarital affairs. She has not received any blood transfusions or blood products and does not use intravenous drugs. She is a self-employed certified public accountant and has not visited any countries with high incidences of HIV infection. Upon further discussion, Sarah does mention to the physician that she and her husband were separated a few years ago for approximately 6 months as a result of his extramarital affair. The physician asks Sarah if he can run another test to determine whether or not she has contacted HIV and asks Sarah to talk to her husband about being tested for HIV as well. The physician also begins treating Sarah for pneumonia that has developed and asks her to return the next day for the results of the HIV test.
The next day Sarah and her husband return to the physician’s office and the physician confirms that the enzyme-linked immunoadsorbent assay confirms that Sarah is HIV positive. The physician does mention that a second more sensitive test will be conducted to confirm this finding, however, he is doubtful that the result will indicate a false positive in the first test. Her husband admits to having numerous extramarital affairs with both women and men and consents to a blood test to determine his HIV status, which subsequently is positive. The physician then discusses the replicative cycle of HIV, the concept of a retrovirus, and treatment options with both Sarah and her husband. Sarah immediately starts on a regimen of protease inhibitors and nucleoside analogs (azidothymidine, AZT, and ddI). In addition, the physician discusses with Sarah and her husband the necessity of practicing "safe sex" even though both are HIV positive and the importance of not exposing themselves to opportunistic diseases. In addition, he mentions that some of the drugs they will be taking to minimize viral replication may cause nausea. He cautions them to take all medications as scheduled and to return to his office at the first sign of any disorder. He also reiterates that this disease can not be transferred by casual contact, but can be transferred through an exchange of body fluids (blood, semen, and vaginal secretions). Answer the following questions about this case.

1. Why was HIV not initially considered as a possible cause for the symptoms Sarah presented with?
2. Why did Sarah’s symptoms worsen and develop into pneumonia?
3. Identify the specific types of leukocytes and the function of each cell.
4. Why does HIV specifically affect one type of leukocyte?
5. Why can protease inhibitors and nucleoside analogs be used in minimizing the replication of the HIV virus?

Mod 5(c) - CH 5 EXERCISES/PROBLEMS (31 pts)

Hide or show questions

eBook

Calculator

Print Item

Ratio of Cash to Monthly Cash Expenses

Kips Bay Medical Inc. is a medical device company that develops, produces, and sells products used in coronary surgery. The following data (in thousands) were adapted from recent financial statements.

*Includes various short-term securities that are readily convertible to cash.

1. Compute the monthly cash expenses for Years 1 -4. Round your answers to the nearest thousand.

2. Compute the ratio of cash to monthly cash expenses for Years 1 -4. Round your answers to one decimal place.

3. Including short-term investments as part of cash and cash equivalents, compute the ratio of cash to monthly cash expenses for Years 1 -4. Round your answers to one decimal place.

4. Based on the calculations above , which of the following statements is incorrect?

Kips Bay Medical has reported losses and negative cash flows from operations in each of the four years.

Kips Bay Medical was not able to raise funds by issuing stock in Years 1 and 2.

Kips could continue to operate only 7.5 months using cash and 8.6 months using cash and short-term investments.

Long term, Kips Bay Medical must generate positive cash flows from operations in order to remain in business.

Choose the correct answer:
1

5. Based upon the preceding results in (2) and (3), an investment in Kips Bay Medical common stock would be extremely risky . Unless management of Kips could convince you that a turn around was likely and that Kips would generate positive cash flows from operations and profit in the future, you should probably not invest in Kips common stock.

Feedback

1. Keep in mind that monthly cash expense is equal to net cash flows from operations divided by 12.

2. Recall that cash and cash equivalents are divided by monthly cash expenses to arrive at the ratio of cash to monthly cash expenses.

3. Keep in mind that short term investments are added to cash and cash equivalents; then, the total is divided by monthly cash expenses to arrive at the ratio of cash to monthly cash expenses.

4. Keep in mind that short term investments are added to cash and cash equivalents; then, the total is divided by monthly cash expenses to arrive at the ratio of cash to monthly cash expenses.

5. Focus on the negative cash flows generated and losses reported by Kips Bay Medical. Unless the management of Kips convinces investors about future positive cash flows, it is risky to invest in Kips’ common stock.

2 more Check My Work uses remaining.

Problem 21-11 Prepare a statement of cash flows; direct method [LO21-3, 21-8]

The comparative balance sheets for 2018 and 2017 and the income statement for 2018 are given below for Arduous Company. Additional information from Arduous’s accounting records is provided also.

Additional information from the accounting records:

1. Investment revenue includes Arduous Company’s $16 million share of the net income of Demur Company, an equity method investee.
2. Treasury bills were sold during 2018 at a gain of $3 million. Arduous Company classifies its investments in Treasury bills as cash equivalents.
3. A machine originally costing $88 million that was one-half depreciated was rendered unusable by a flood. Most major components of the machine were unharmed and were sold for $18 million.
4. Temporary differences between pretax accounting income and taxable income caused the deferred income tax liability to increase by $12 million.
5. The preferred stock of Tory Corporation was purchased for $34 million as a long-term investment.
6. Land costing $55 million was acquired by issuing $27 million cash and a 12%, four-year, $28 million note payable to the seller.
7. The right to use a building was acquired with a 15-year lease agreement; present value of lease payments, $91 million. Annual lease payments of $8 million are paid at the beginning of each year starting January 1, 2018.
8. $69 million of bonds were retired at maturity.
9. In February, Arduous issued a stock dividend (7.6 million shares). The market price of the $5 par value common stock was $7.50 per share at that time. Also the company paid a cash dividend.
10. In April, 1 million shares of common stock were repurchased as treasury stock at a cost of $18.00 million.

Required:
Prepare the statement of cash flows of Arduous Company for the year ended December 31, 2018. Present cash flows from operating activities by the direct method. (Do not round your intermediate calculations. Enter your answers in millions (i.e., 10,000,000 should be entered as 10.). Amounts to be deducted should be indicated with a minus sign.)