The Grilton Tire Company manufactures racing tires for bicycles. Grilton sells tires for $50 each. Grilton is planning for next year (2020) by developing a master budget by quarters. Grilton’s balance sheet for December 31, 2019 follows:

GRILTON TIRE COMPANY

Balance Sheet

December 31, 2019

Assets

Current Assets:

  Cash                                                                                           $  39,000

  Accounts Receivable                                                                   40,000

  Raw Materials Inventory                                                               2,400

  Finished Goods Inventory                                                            8,700

  Total Current Assets                                                                                              $ 90,100

Property, Plant and Equipment:

  Equipment                                                                                 177,000

  Less: Accumulated Depreciation                                            (42,000)                135,000

Total Assets                                                                                                               $225,100

Liabilities

Current Liabilities:

  Accounts Payable                                                                                                  $  8,000

Stockholder’s Equity

Common Stock, no par                                                           $ 130,000

Retained Earnings                                                                         87,100

  Total Stockholder’s Equity                                                                                  217,100

Total Liabilities and Stockholder’s Equity                                                          $225,100

Other data for Grilton Tire Company:

1. Budgeted Sales are 1,500 for the first quarter and expected to increase by 200 tires per quarter. Cash Sales are expected to be 30% of total sales, with the remaining 70% of sales on account.
2. Finished Goods Inventory on December 31, 2019 consists of 300 tires at $29 each.
3. Desired ending Finished Goods Inventory is 40% of the next quarter’s sales; first quarter sales for 2020 are expected to be 2,300 tires and second quarter sales for 2020 are expected to be 2,500.  FIFO inventory costing method is used.
4. Direct Materials cost is $8 per tire.
5. Desired ending Raw Materials Inventory is 30% of the next quarter’s direct materials needed for production.
6. Each tire requires 0.40 hours of direct labor; direct labor costs average $16 per hour.
7. Variable manufacturing overhead is $2 per tire produced.
8. Fixed manufacturing overhead includes $4,500 per quarter in depreciation and $26,780 per quarter for other costs, such as utilities, insurance, and property taxes.
9. Fixed selling and administrative expenses include $8,000 per quarter for salaries; $1,800 per quarter for rent; $1,200 per quarter for insurance; and $500 per quarter for depreciation.
10. Variable selling and administrative expenses include supplies at 2% of sales.
11. Capital expenditures include $45,000 for new manufacturing equipment, to be purchased and paid in the first quarter.
12. Cash receipts for sales on account are 60% in the quarter of sale and 40% in the quarter following the sale. The December 31, 2019 Accounts Receivable ($40,000) is received in the first quarter of 2020.
13. Direct materials purchases are paid 70% in the quarter purchased and 30% in the following quarter. The December 31, 2019 Accounts Payable ($8,000) is paid in the first quarter of 2020.
14. Direct labor, manufacturing overhead, and selling and administrative costs are paid in the quarter incurred.
15. Income tax expense is projected at $3,500 per quarter and is paid in the quarter incurred.
16. Grilton desires to maintain a minimum cash balance of $35,000 and borrows from the local bank as needed in increments of $1,000 at the beginning of the quarter; principal repayments are made at the beginning of the quarter when excess funds are available and in increments of $1,000; interest is 6% per year and paid at the beginning of the quarter based on the amount outstanding from the previous quarter. Interest must be paid at the beginning of each quarter.

• 1	Grilton Tire Company
  	Sales Budget
  	For the Year Ended December 31, 2020
  		Quarter 1	Quarter 2	Quarter 3	Quarter 4	Total
  	Budgeted tires to be sold	1500	1700	1900	2100	7200
  	Selling price per unit	$               50	$               50	$               50	$               50	$               50
  	Total sales $	75000	85000	95000	105000	360000
  2	Grilton Tire Company
  	Schedule of Expected Cash Collections
  	For the Year Ended December 31, 2020
  		Quarter 1	Quarter 2	Quarter 3	Quarter 4	Total
  	Sales $	75000	85000	95000	105000	360000
  	Cash sales collections (30%)	22500	25500	28500	31500	108000
  	Collections for credit sales of:
  	Previous quarter (40%)	40000	21000	23800	26600	111400
  	Current quarter (60%)	31500	35700	39900	44100	151200
  	Collection on credit sales	71500	56700	63700	70700	262600
  	Total cash collections $	94000	82200	92200	102200	370600
  3	Grilton Tire Company
  	Production Budget
  	For the Year Ended December 31, 2020
  		Quarter 1	Quarter 2	Quarter 3	Quarter 4	Total
  	Budgeted tires to be sold	1500	1700	1900	2100	7200
  	Add: Desired ending FG inventory	680	760	840	920	920
  	Total tires needed	2180	2460	2740	3020	8120
  	Less: Beginning FG inventory	300	680	760	840	300
  	Budgeted tires to be produced	1880	1780	1980	2180	7820

(12) With respect to the macro-economic production function, what is the difference between the overall level of technology (A), and the type of technology known as worker Efficiency, or worker effectiveness? (Worker efficiency is called the “g” in the Solow Model.) That is, how would you distinguish overall change in technology in the macro-economy from the technical change embodied in a rise in worker effectiveness? If worker effectiveness gives rise to sustained increases in the economy’s standard of living, even in the Steady State, can the overall level of technology impact the result as well?

(13) Given your answer to (12) above, how would you describe your own increase in worker effectiveness with respect to any endeavor you are working on today in Davis? (LIKE DOING THIS HOMEWORK, FOR EXAMPLE?) What about after you graduate? How does the overall level of Technology (The Big “A”) link to the increase in your own worker effectiveness?

(14) Using the Solow Growth Model, assume that the depreciation of the capital stock (gamma), and “n” (growth of the labor force) are all greater than zero. The growth rate of worker efficiency, “g”, is zero. What are the alternatives to changing the rate of saving in order to reach a “higher” K/L ratio and a higher Y/L ratio at the STEADY STATE equilibrium (k* and y*)? How would you go about promoting these changes?

(15) What is “The Golden Rule”? Why is the term “Golden Rule” applied to the Golden Rule Steady State of y* and k*? (Note: the answer is not “that level of Y/L and K/L that maximizes consumption per worker, C/L!)

(16) You are the boss of an economy that has worker efficiency rising at a 1 percent annual rate. The labor force is growing by 4 percent annually. The depreciation rate of your capital stock per worker is 10 percent. Also your economy is operating at a savings rate whose associated capital/labor ratio steady state is ABOVE the GOLDEN RULE steady state. Your challenge is to get to the golden rule steady state. What do you propose to do and how might you go about it? What happens to consumption per worker as you go from where you begin to the Golden Rule steady state? What happens to the MPK as you approach the Golden Rule Steady State? What value of MPK are you aiming for? Hint: think of MPK as the "return on capital" in this instance.

Respond to you thoughts on this discussion in 150 words  

Calculators, computers, and a number of other technological innovations are important tools for doing mathematics. How well teachers use the tools greatly affects how well student learn mathematics. Calculators, and computers were invented to save time and allow us to solve more challenging problems. The ability to translate data from one form of representation to another, such as numbers and symbols to graphs and tables, or from graphs to tables is more important than ever ( Seeley, C. 2019). But, on the other hand, technology have made some mathematics less important. This subject has become very controversial because some fear that students will not learn how to add, subtract, multiply, and divide mentally with pencil and paper. The most important way in which technology affects the mathematics curriculum is that it makes some mathematics possible for the first time. By using technology, students at all levels can tackle real problems that might arise from planning a field trip or from a news story, even if the numbers involved might make the problem difficult with only a pencil and paper. Graphing calculators allow students to see the connection between visual representation and symbolic ones. The school should provide appropriate access to technology and it should not be left to the students.

Many of the arguments issued for educational technologies are based on anecdotes not scientific data. To counter these arguments research from decades of learning ,research, laboratory and sometimes classrooms will show how students process, store and retrieve information. The misuse of technology in class rooms can create distraction. When students have the freedom to use cellphones in class, they perform a grade lower than if they did not use it. Evidence shows that student perform better on test than when they take notes on paper rather than a lab top. Studies show that multimedia learning greatly increases student's retention of course material.

When it comes to understanding the role money play in everyday society the present value is the concept that states an amount of money today is worth more than that same amount in the future. So, money received in the future is not worth as much as an equal amount received today. Money not spent today could be expected to lose value in the future by some implied annual rate, which could be inflation or the rate of return if the money was invested.

Legacy systems are any software or old information systems that are critical to the business.
These systems may be based on outdated technologies that are still operating within an
organisation. According to the study, the financial services industry is one of the biggest
spenders on IT, but the majority of this spend is on maintenance activities required to keep
legacy systems operational. By some estimates, 75% of the IT budgets of banks and insurance
companies are consumed maintaining existing systems.
Maintaining legacy systems can be time, labour, and money consuming. This is because legacy
applications are typically monolithic, which means they are single-tier software applications
with all parts of the application built into one platform. In contrast, modern applications are
often broken down into loosely coupled individual services called microservices. Some of the
remedial plans include reengineering of the legacy platform, addressing architectural style and
consumption constraints, source code conversion, operating system and hardware replacement,
and outsourcing data centre management.
Running legacy systems may not be sufficient to meet the needs of the current dynamic
business market. Therefore, modernisation legacy systems seem necessary. Modernisation
legacy application is the process of transforming an application built with outdated technology
into a modern application with the latest technology. In the process of modernisation legacy
systems, the organisation should have a well-thought-out plan detailing how the organisation
should begin transforming legacy application to modern applications. The organisation should
also determine what its goals are for accomplishing the modernisation of legacy applications.
In addition, the organisation must ensure that its IT departments have the skills base to perform
legacy application modernisation.

Q!. As an Information Systems specialist, what factors would influence your consideration
when modernising a legacy information system? Justify your answers. (Note: your
answer shall not exceed TWO (2) pages.) 20 marks

Q2. Explain how does information systems affect traditional companies' business process.
Use examples to express your answer. 12 marks

Q3.In some industries, the adoption of information systems and technology has remained
unchanged over the past few decades. Nevertheless, managers and business
professionals today foresee information systems as a tool to stay competitive. Use an
example to discuss how do the implementation of information systems can help a
company to achieve competitive advantage. 20 marks

Q4. The pandemic has changed the way businesses of all kinds are conducted. Many
companies have decided to adopt cloud computing as their IT solutions. You are
required to assess FIVE (5) drivers for adopting cloud computing. 20 marks

Q5. The impact of pandemic not only affected the IT staff workload but also has restricted
the in-house information system development team. As an information system CIO,
what is the alternative to in-house development? Discuss THREE (3) benefits of your
suggestion and FIVE (5) possible reasons for it. 18 marks

Q6. Determine the approaches that are available to ease the implementation of a new
information systems. Suggest the best approach suitable to implement an information
system for the financial service department. Justify your answer. 10 marks

Legacy systems are any software or old information systems that are critical to the business.
These systems may be based on outdated technologies that are still operating within an
organisation. According to the study, the financial services industry is one of the biggest
spenders on IT, but the majority of this spend is on maintenance activities required to keep
legacy systems operational. By some estimates, 75% of the IT budgets of banks and insurance
companies are consumed maintaining existing systems.
Maintaining legacy systems can be time, labour, and money consuming. This is because legacy
applications are typically monolithic, which means they are single-tier software applications
with all parts of the application built into one platform. In contrast, modern applications are
often broken down into loosely coupled individual services called microservices. Some of the
remedial plans include reengineering of the legacy platform, addressing architectural style and
consumption constraints, source code conversion, operating system and hardware replacement,
and outsourcing data centre management.
Running legacy systems may not be sufficient to meet the needs of the current dynamic
business market. Therefore, modernisation legacy systems seem necessary. Modernisation
legacy application is the process of transforming an application built with outdated technology
into a modern application with the latest technology. In the process of modernisation legacy
systems, the organisation should have a well-thought-out plan detailing how the organisation
should begin transforming legacy application to modern applications. The organisation should
also determine what its goals are for accomplishing the modernisation of legacy applications.
In addition, the organisation must ensure that its IT departments have the skills base to perform
legacy application modernisation.

Q!. As an Information Systems specialist, what factors would influence your consideration
when modernising a legacy information system? Justify your answers. (Note: your
answer shall not exceed TWO (2) pages.) 20 marks

Q2. Explain how does information systems affect traditional companies' business process.
Use examples to express your answer. 12 marks

Q3.In some industries, the adoption of information systems and technology has remained
unchanged over the past few decades. Nevertheless, managers and business
professionals today foresee information systems as a tool to stay competitive. Use an
example to discuss how do the implementation of information systems can help a
company to achieve competitive advantage. 20 marks

Q4. The pandemic has changed the way businesses of all kinds are conducted. Many
companies have decided to adopt cloud computing as their IT solutions. You are
required to assess FIVE (5) drivers for adopting cloud computing. 20 marks

Q5. The impact of pandemic not only affected the IT staff workload but also has restricted
the in-house information system development team. As an information system CIO,
what is the alternative to in-house development? Discuss THREE (3) benefits of your
suggestion and FIVE (5) possible reasons for it. 18 marks

Q6. Determine the approaches that are available to ease the implementation of a new
information systems. Suggest the best approach suitable to implement an information
system for the financial service department. Justify your answer. 10 marks

Review and discuss the collapse of the Futures Oil Market, which fell into the negative realm in May 2020.

Evaluate the mortgage market today (2020). For a prime mortgage, what is the interest rate environment and outlook?

Review and discuss the goals identified by Healthy People 2020 that are related to reducing violence? include reference