Write Java code for each of the following problem

a. Two players, a and b, try to guess the cost of an item. Whoever gets closest to the price without going over is the winner. Return the value of the best bid. If both players guessed too high, return -1.
example:
closestGuess(97, 91, 100) → 97
closestGuess(3, 51, 50) → 3
closestGuess(12, 11, 10) → -1

b. Given a non-empty string, return true if at least half of the characters in the string are the lowercase letter z.
example:
zMajority("az") → true
zMajority("zabzc") → false
zMajority("w") → false

c. Given 4 numbers, return the value of the second largest number. Note that if two or more numbers are tied for largest, then the second largest value is also the largest value.
example:
secondLargest(1, 2, 3, 4) → 3
secondLargest(3, 2, 1, 4) → 3
secondLargest(5, 7, 5, 9) → 7

7. An index of movie quality in a movie theatre says that the overall fun of every visit to a movietheatre is determined for 25% by who the main star is in the movie, for 25% percent by the quality of the popcorn in the movie theatre and by 50% by the story of the movie. Somebody gives the newest movie 6 points for the star, 3 points for the movie theatre and 8 points for the story. How many overall points is this movie scoring on this index?

8. Somebody sends 10 postcards in the mail. 3 postcards arrived in 2 days on their destination, 4 in 3 days, and 3 in 7 days. What is the average arrival time of the postcards?

what are the degrees of freedom?

a. yes, at p < .05

b. yes, at p < .01

c. yes, at p < .001

d. no, at p > .05

Use the balance sheet and income statement below : CLANCY’S DOG BISCUIT CORPORATION Balance Sheet as of December 31, 2015 and 2014 (in millions of dollars) Assets 2015 2014 Liabilities and Equity 2015 2014 Current assets: Current liabilities: Cash and marketable securities $ 7 $ 7 Accrued wages and taxes $ 10 $ 9 Accounts receivable 25 20 Accounts payable 18 17 Inventory 32 25 Notes payable 16 15 Total $ 64 $ 52 Total $ 44 $ 41 Fixed assets: Long-term debt: $ 30 $ 26 Gross plant and equipment $ 88 $ 70 Stockholders’ equity: Less: Depreciation 18 15 Preferred stock (2 million shares) $ 2 $ 2 Common stock and paid-in surplus Net plant and equipment $ 70 $ 55 (5 million shares) 11 11 Other long-term assets 18 18 Retained earnings 65 45 Total $ 88 $ 73 Total $ 78 $ 58 Total assets $ 152 $ 125 Total liabilities and equity $ 152 $ 125 CLANCY’S DOG BISCUIT CORPORATION Income Statement for Years Ending December 31, 2015 and 2014 (in millions of dollars) 2015 2014 Net sales $ 88 $ 92 Less: Cost of goods sold 44 40 Gross profits $ 44 $ 52 Less: Other operating expenses 5 4 Earnings before interest, taxes depreciation, and amortization (EBITDA) $ 39 $ 48 Less: Depreciation 3 3 Earnings before interest and taxes (EBIT) $ 36 $ 45 Less: Interest 4 4 Earnings before taxes (EBT) $ 32 $ 41 Less: Taxes 8 11 Net income $ 24 $ 30 Less: Preferred stock dividends $ 1 $ 1 Net income available to common stockholders $ 23 $ 29 Less: Common stock dividends 3 3 Addition to retained earnings $ 20 $ 26 Per (common) share data: Earnings per share (EPS) $ 4.60 $ 5.80 Dividends per share (DPS) $ 0.60 $ 0.60 Book value per share (BVPS) $ 15.20 $ 11.20 Market value (price) per share (MVPS) $ 15.85 $ 14.60 Prepare a statement of cash flows for Clancy’s Dog Biscuit Corporation. (Enter your answers in millions of dollars. Amounts to be deducted should be indicated with a minus sign. Leave no cells blank - be certain to enter "0" wherever required.)

Prepare a master production schedule for industrial pumps in the manner of the following table. Use the MPS rule to "schedule production when the projected on-hand inventory would be less than 10 without production.". Suppose that there are currently 64 pumps in inventory and a production lot size of 70 pumps is used. (Leave no cells blank - be certain to enter "0" wherever required.)

Problem 1 (18 pts.)

Skinner Corporation issued $500,000 of 7% bonds for $486,500 to yield a market rate of 8%.

1. Prepare the journal entry to record the sale of the bonds.

2. Prepare the journal entry for the first semiannual interest payment.

3. Prepare the journal entry for the second semiannual interest payment.

Problem 2 (18 pts.)

Smith Corporation issued $200,000 of 9%, 4-year bonds for 206,733 to yield a market rate of 8%. A partially completed amortization table is presented below.

REQUIREMENTS:

1. Fill in the missing column headings in the table.
2. Complete the last three lines of the table (interest periods 6, 7, & 8)

Barfly Inc. manufactures and markets a line of non-alcoholic mixers sold to restaurants and bars. Barfly’s Creative Bartender has recently experimented with making alcoholic versions with the intention of bottling and marketing these directly to the public through appropriate retail outlets. Prior spending on R&D was $1.5 million and Barfly anticipates spending half of that again during the first year of the project to conclude R&D (for total R&D of $2.25 million). The cost of building the manufacturing line is estimated at $1,175,000.

Marketing projects revenues from the new product line will be 800,000 units in the first year, growth in years 2 and 3 at 15%, growth in year 4 at 10%, and 5% for year 5. While Barfly anticipates the product will have a longer life than 5 years, their initial projections are for a 5 year time horizon, fully depreciating the cost of plant and equipment over that time on a straight-line basis.

Revenue per unit is projected to be $2.50 in the first year, with prices rising by 3% per year thereafter. COGS are projected to be 68% of revenues, SG&A 7% of revenues, and the company’s marginal tax rate is 32%. Net working capital required for the project is expected to be 2% of revenues annually once the project is fully online in year 1.

Barfly’s balance sheet includes $3,000,000 in total capital, of which $980,000 is debt. The market yield to maturity on debt is 3.75%, the risk free rate on a 5-year Treasury is 3%, and the market risk premium is 6.5%. The company’s beta is 1.3 and the CFO uses the CAPM to estimate cost of equity.

1. What is the project’s NPV?
2. What is the project’s IRR?
3. Should the project be accepted?

Management has been studying the company’s capital structure and is considering using a small secondary offering of stock to pay down debt. The following data is used to determine the cost of debt under varying capital structures.

4. If Barfly issues $180,000 in new equity and uses the proceeds to repurchase (and defease*) existing debt, what would the resulting weighted average cost of capital be?
5. Should management move towards this capital structure? Why or why not?

Barfly Inc. manufactures and markets a line of non-alcoholic mixers sold to restaurants and bars. Barfly’s Creative Bartender has recently experimented with making alcoholic versions with the intention of bottling and marketing these directly to the public through appropriate retail outlets. Prior spending on R&D was $1.5 million and Barfly anticipates spending half of that again during the first year of the project to conclude R&D (for total R&D of $2.25 million). The cost of building the manufacturing line is estimated at $1,175,000.

Marketing projects revenues from the new product line will be 800,000 units in the first year, growth in years 2 and 3 at 15%, growth in year 4 at 10%, and 5% for year 5. While Barfly anticipates the product will have a longer life than 5 years, their initial projections are for a 5 year time horizon, fully depreciating the cost of plant and equipment over that time on a straight-line basis.

Revenue per unit is projected to be $2.50 in the first year, with prices rising by 3% per year thereafter. COGS are projected to be 68% of revenues, SG&A 7% of revenues, and the company’s marginal tax rate is 32%. Net working capital required for the project is expected to be 2% of revenues annually once the project is fully online in year 1.

Barfly’s balance sheet includes $3,000,000 in total capital, of which $980,000 is debt. The market yield to maturity on debt is 3.75%, the risk free rate on a 5-year Treasury is 3%, and the market risk premium is 6.5%. The company’s beta is 1.3 and the CFO uses the CAPM to estimate cost of equity.

1. What is the project’s NPV?
2. What is the project’s IRR?
3. Should the project be accepted?

Management has been studying the company’s capital structure and is considering using a small secondary offering of stock to pay down debt. The following data is used to determine the cost of debt under varying capital structures.

4. If Barfly issues $180,000 in new equity and uses the proceeds to repurchase (and defease*) existing debt, what would the resulting weighted average cost of capital be?
5. Should management move towards this capital structure? Why or why not?

Consider each of the scenarios below. For each statement, decide which statistical procedure is most appropriate.

  ?    One-sample hypothesis test for a single proportion    One-sample confidence interval for a single proportion    Two-sample hypothesis test for the difference in proportions    Two-sample confidence interval for the difference in proportions    Chi-square test for multiple categories of a single variable    Chi-square test of independence of 2 categorical variables    One-sample hypothesis test for a single mean    One-sample confidence interval for a single mean    Two-sample hypothesis test for the difference in means    Two-sample confidence interval for the difference in means      1. An insurance company selected a random sample of 500 clients under 18 years of age and found that 180 of them had had an accident in the previous year. A random sample of 600 clients aged 18 and older was also selected and 150 of them had had an accident in the past year. We want to determine if the accident proportions differ between the two age groups.

  ?    One-sample hypothesis test for a single proportion    One-sample confidence interval for a single proportion    Two-sample hypothesis test for the difference in proportions    Two-sample confidence interval for the difference in proportions    Chi-square test for multiple categories of a single variable    Chi-square test of independence of 2 categorical variables    One-sample hypothesis test for a single mean    One-sample confidence interval for a single mean    Two-sample hypothesis test for the difference in means    Two-sample confidence interval for the difference in means      2. A nutritionist wants to know the proportion of Americans who say they limit their consumption of artificial sweeteners. A poll of 2537 US adults is conducted and the proportion is recorded.

  ?    One-sample hypothesis test for a single proportion    One-sample confidence interval for a single proportion    Two-sample hypothesis test for the difference in proportions    Two-sample confidence interval for the difference in proportions    Chi-square test for multiple categories of a single variable    Chi-square test of independence of 2 categorical variables    One-sample hypothesis test for a single mean    One-sample confidence interval for a single mean    Two-sample hypothesis test for the difference in means    Two-sample confidence interval for the difference in means      3. A claim is made that 87% of college undergraduates send more than 10 text messages per day. You collect a random sample of undergraduates to determine if the claim is reasonable or not.

  ?    One-sample hypothesis test for a single proportion    One-sample confidence interval for a single proportion    Two-sample hypothesis test for the difference in proportions    Two-sample confidence interval for the difference in proportions    Chi-square test for multiple categories of a single variable    Chi-square test of independence of 2 categorical variables    One-sample hypothesis test for a single mean    One-sample confidence interval for a single mean    Two-sample hypothesis test for the difference in means    Two-sample confidence interval for the difference in means      4. A researcher wants to estimate the average yearly cost of attendance at community colleges in the US. They collect a simple random sample of 50 community colleges and calculate the mean and sd of the yearly cost of attendance at each school.

  ?    One-sample hypothesis test for a single proportion    One-sample confidence interval for a single proportion    Two-sample hypothesis test for the difference in proportions    Two-sample confidence interval for the difference in proportions    Chi-square test for multiple categories of a single variable    Chi-square test of independence of 2 categorical variables    One-sample hypothesis test for a single mean    One-sample confidence interval for a single mean    Two-sample hypothesis test for the difference in means    Two-sample confidence interval for the difference in means      5. An insurance company selected a random sample of 500 clients under 18 years of age and found that 180 of them had had an accident in the previous year. A random sample of 600 clients aged 18 and older was also selected and 150 of them had had an accident in the past year. We want to determine how much the accident proportions differ between the two age groups.