Question 1: How does the Mycobacterium initially evade the immune system? What role does the immune system play in preventing the spread of infection?

Question 2: Describe the difference between antigenic drift and antigenic shift? Which one is primarily responsible for the changes in the flu vaccine each year? Which phenomenon can lead to new pandemic strains?

There is no doubt the economic ramifications of the COVID pandemic will be dramatic and long lasting. Eighteen months from now, what economic changes will be with us still. In what ways might the shape of the American Business’ sectors have fundamentally changed? In your answer, make sure you use the vocabulary of an economist and some of the concepts we learned over the course of our class.

The government has many tools at its disposal to help create stability for an economy. Explain the best type of fiscal policy for our economy right now. Fiscal policy involves changes in government spending and/or taxes. Explain what has a more direct impact on stimulating an economy out of those two tools that can be used by fiscal policy.

The polarization of a helium-neon laser can change with time. The light from a laser is initially horizontally polarized; as the laser warms up, the light changes to be vertically polarized. Suppose the laser beam passes through a polarizer whose axis is 50 ∘ from horizontal.

By what percent does the light intensity transmitted through the polarizer change as the laser warms up?

For the equilibrium system CO (g) + 3 H2 (g) ⇌ H2O (g) + CH4 (g), ΔH = -206 kJ/mol, state whether the yield of CH4 will increase, decrease or remain the same for the following changes:

Adding some H2 gas to the system

Removing H2O from the system

Increasing the volume of the system

Decreasing the temperature on the system

Adding a catalyst to the system

A refrigerator using R-12 as the working fluid keeps the refrigerated space at ?16? in an environment at 27?. You are asked to upgrade this refrigerator by replacing R-12 with the ozone-friendly R-134a. What changes in the pressure levels would you suggest in the new system? How do you think the COP of the new system will compare to the COP of the old system?

A refrigerator using R-12 as the working fluid keeps the refrigerated space at ?16? in an environment at 27?. You are asked to upgrade this refrigerator by replacing R-12 with the ozone-friendly R-134a. What changes in the pressure levels would you suggest in the new system? How do you think the COP of the new system will compare to the COP of the old system?

1.Use the Portfolio Balance Model to explain how the authorities use bonds to finance the increment in government expenditure

2. A change in the domestic nominal interest rate can be caused by a change in the expected inflation or a change in any real rote of interest. However, these changes will have opposite effect on current exchange rate. Discuss using appropriate diagrams.

Most fad diets and supplements are geared toward short-term, quick success, rather than life-long changes. Choose a fad diet (Atkins, for instance) or a popular dietary supplement (Plexus, for instance). What are the basic claims of the diet or supplement? Discuss why or why not you think the fad diet or supplement you chose would work or not.

Let's suppose we are living in a country in which opportunities of making profits, and entreprenurial activity are main determinants of investment demand. In this scenario, how is parameter b? How this affect the elasticity of investment with respect to changes in interest rate? How a cut in the benchmark interest rate could affect the quantity of investment in the economy? Explain thoroughly, use models, and graphs.