Hardware Define the ways in which the system resources are used to solve the computing problems of the users

True or false.

Operating system Controls and coordinates use of hardware among various applications and users

True or false.

A goal of the scheduling algorithms is to maximize CPU Utilization while minimizing Throughput

True or false

System and Application programs Provides basic computing resources

True or false.

The one program running at all times on the computer is the system

True or false.

CPU scheduling decisions may take place when a process switches from waiting to ready

True or false.

Main memory usually into two partitions:

1. Resident Operating System, usually held in low memory with interrupt vector.
2. User processes then held in high memory.
3. not of the above
4. a and b

Translation:

1. Relocation register scheme used to protect user processes from each other
2. Conversely, would like the ability to share memory when desired (for communication)
3. Ability to translate accesses from one address space (virtual) to a different one (physical)
4. Prevent access to private memory of other processes

Address generated by CPU is divided into:

1. Page number
2. Page offset
3. Page system
4. a and b

Why worry about memory multiplexing?

1. The complete working state of a process and/or kernel is defined by its data in memory (and registers)
2. Consequently, cannot just let different processes use the same memory
3. Probably don’t want different processes to even have access to each other’s memory (protection)
4. All of above

An operating system can use aging to solve which problem?

1. Deadlock
2. Race condition
3. Critical section
4. Starvation

Which of the following isnt an active entity?

1. System
2. Program

The swap-out of a running process and swap-in of a new process in thememory is?

1. Context switch
2. Waiting time
3. Execution time
4. Turnaround time

Although personally one may benefit from the recent tax reductions act, the debates among economists never stop. (1)Suppose the economy is under recession. How would a cut in taxes affect output(Y), price level (P), and unemployment (U)? Please use the models and explain your reasoning. Be sure to state the assumptions clearly. (2) In recent decades, macroeconomics policy-making process has been strongly influenced by a theory called "supply side economics". Why some economists are against it? why some support it? Please answer this question by summarizing the assigned articles in blackboard under "Fiscal Policy"

Buddies is a charitable organization that sponsors group activities and provides adult companionship for troubled youths from single-parent families. Buddies screens, trains, motivates, and supervises the adult volunteers, who are paired with children referred by local agencies and by parents concerned with their children’s future. The organization provides a service that can augment any professional help a child may be receiving. But its main role is one of prevention by providing a meaningful adult relationship for a child before the child becomes a severe parental or societal problem. Buddies is a nationwide organization that began in 1913 in Pierre, South Dakota, and there are over 300 local agencies throughout the country with the parent office, Buddies Regional, in New Jersey. Buddies Regional provides support in establishing and administering local programs, but each agency is responsible for raising its own funding.

The Bayou Land branch in Lafayette, Louisiana, was started only five months ago and has an operating budget for the current year of $60,000. The budget is modest by most standards but will be hard to achieve given the newness of the organization and the drop in crude oil prices that has hit Lafayette especially hard. About 30 percent of the necessary funds will come from the Acadiana United Appeal, and the remainder from a government grant, some fund-raising events, and donations.

The Importance of the Dance

The final event planned is a dance that the organization hopes will raise $8,000; which is the projected yearly deficit. Although eliminating the shortfall is an important objective, there are other reasons why the dance needs to be successful. The Acadiana United Appeal has made it clear that it wants local agencies to establish their own fund-raising scheme in which it matches every dollar in profit generated by an organization. Buddies Regional also encourages its local agencies to develop their own fiscal base. A number of studies have found that agencies that rely heavily on outside monies tend to stagnate, in the past due to the restrictions that often accompany such monies. Nationwide, United Appeal has been known to oversee quite strictly the running of organizations that it funds heavily. It is precisely this type of rigidity that Buddies Regional wants to avoid by encouraging local units to raise a large proportion of their budget on their own. And although the Acadiana United Appeal has in the past adopted a policy of minimum intervention, one can never be sure when this philosophy might change. Finally, a successful event would raise the statue of Bayou Land’s organization. Buddies Regional would raise the agency’s classification from an agency-in-formation to a provisional agency, which would enable more children to be served.

Tickets for the dance will be sold at $50 per couple, and the sale of drinks should net $10 per couple. The dance will be held at the Breau Bridge Music Hall, which has a ballroom seating 300 couples. Billy Delacroix, a manager at the music hall and a member of Buddies’ board of directors, has arranged for the owners to donate the ballroom. Hors d’oeuvres will be provided at a cost to Buddies of $5.00 per couple, and the $500 will cover labor and miscellaneous expenses. The only other expense is the cost of the band, whose selection is generating some controversy among the dance organizers. The choice is between the Mamou Playboys and the Red Stick Ramblers. Both plan the same type of music, a mixture of zydeco and Cajun music. The Mamou Playboys, however, will cost $6,000, the Red Stick Ramblers only $3,000.

Some Arguments for Each Band

Supporters of the Mamou Playboys believe that this band will increase ticket sales, and they cite the band’s 15 years’ experience and recognition among the 30-45 years old age group, the target population of the dance. These individuals also believe that a long view is appropriate. “We can’t just look at one year, “They argue, “But will also have to consider the impact of our decision on future dances. The Mamou Playboys will set the tone for the event and increase its future popularity. This is especially relevant if the United Appeal implements its matching scheme on any money raised by a charity from an event such as the dance.” Finally, they point out that if the Mamou Playboys were selected it would be a “big deal” for Lafayette and the dance would receive more publicity, this benefiting the Buddies organization. They cite this as an intangible factor that should not be ignored.

Supporters of the Red Stick Ramblers agree that the Mamou Playboys are the better band but question whether the Mamou Playboys will generate enough extra sales to make up the increased cost. Both sides feel 200 tickets will likely be sold even if the Red Stick Ramblers are selected, but there is some concern that the dance tickets will not sell as well as expect. “After all,’ says Bill Fabre, an accountant by profession, “there is a recession out there. The $50 ticket price may be a bit steep for this town, especially in view of the declining price of oil. Let’s be realistic and admit we may not be able to sell 200 tickets. The Mamou Playboys increase the overhead and the Buddies can’t afford to take a loss on this dance. Eliminating the deficit has to be our number one priority. There is just no slack in our budget, and any shortfall may will have to come out of the salaries for the staff, which would not only be unfair but would also be bad business. In short we simply do not have the luxury to worry about the future. Let’s get by this year and then concern ourselves with future dances.”

Supporters of the Red Stick Ramblers do admit that any additional publicity from using the Mamou Playboys would benefit Buddies. They are not convinced, however, that the Mamou Playboys would be best for the organization in the long run. Hopkins points out that two local philanthropists ‘have their eye on our agency.’ She believes that these individuals would “bail us out” in the event of a shortfall. “But,” she cautions, “they would be much less likely to support us in the future.” Hopkins is convinced that if Buddies can stand on its own this year, these philanthropists will be generous in coming years since “they admire agencies that try to be self-supporting.” She agrees with Fabre that he Red Stick Ramblers make more sense, though she believe that Fabre is too pessimistic about ticket sales. She wonders, however, whether the price should be lowered to $40 per couple. “Perhaps,” she speculates, “we can more than gain on volume what we would lose on the unit price.”

After much discussion all agree it is highly probable that 200 ticket can be sold even if the Red Stick Ramblers are used and that 150 is the absolute lower limit. It is also estimated that lowering the price to $40 will increase sales by 20 to 40 tickets.

Questions

For the questions 1 to 4 assume the price of a ticket is $50.

  (a) Calculate the break-even ticket sales for each band.

          (b) Express your answer as a percentage of the estimated ticket sales.

(a) Assume the Red Stick Ramblers are selected. Develop a table showing the profits on the dance at the following ticket levels: 150, 200, 250, and 300 (sellout).

(b) repeat part (a) assuming the Mamou Playboys are selected.

3.    How many extra tickets must be sold to compensate for the higher cost of the Mamou Playboys?

4. If the dance is to raise $8,000, how many tickets must be sold if the Mamou Playboys are used? The Red Stick Ramblers?

5. evaluate the proposal to lower the price of a ticket to $40. What implications, if any, does it have for the band choice?

6. Based on your previous answers and gather information provided in the case, which band would you pick? Why?

7. The break-even and profit formulas you sued are based on certain assumptions. What are they? Are they likely to hold for this situation? Explain.

8. Suppose the dance organizers were sure that 270 tickets could be sold at a price of $50 regardless of the band used. How would this affect the choice?

9. How would knowledge of the demand curve for each band be helpful for the determining which group to use and what price to charge?

An educational psychologist studies the effect of frequent testing on retention of class material. In one section of an introductory course, students are given quizzes each week. A second section of the same course receives only two tests during the semester. At the end of the semester, both sections receive the same final exam, and the scores are summarized below:

                                    Frequent Quizzes       Two Exams

                                            n = 20                    n = 20

                                           M = 73                   M = 68

1. Determine the correct t-test needed. If the first sample variance is s² = 38 and the second sample has s² = 42, do the data indicate that testing frequency has a significant effect on performance? Use a two-tailed test at the .05 level of significance. (Note: because the two samples are the same size, the pooled variance is simply the average of the two sample variances.) Draw your distribution. (2 pts)
2. Determine the correct t-test needed. If the first sample variance has s² = 84 and the second sample has s² = 96, do the data indicate that testing frequency has a significant effect? Again, use a two-tailed test with α = .05. Draw your distribution. (2 pts)
3. Using symbols, write up your results. Describe how the size of the variance affects the outcome of the hypothesis test. (1 pt)

The composition of output in the U.S. changed substantially during WWII, but has not changed

much since then. Provide some QUANTITATIVE detail about just how the composition of

output changed during WWII. Also, present QUANTITATIVE evidence that shows you

understand how the different components of output have tended to relate to each other since

WWII.

Diagram and describe how eukaryotic photosynthesis works. Include a labeled diagram of the appropriate cell structures, and show where each step occurs. (The level of detail for this question should be equivalent to the respiration question. This question is about the fundamental C3 pathway; you don’t need to include photorespiration or alternate photosynthetic pathways.)

(no bullet points, essay form)

1.) The cell reactions occurring in a battery are given by:

Cathode : 2MnO2 (s) + H2O (l) + 2e-→ Mn2O3 (s) + 2HO- (aq) E 0 red = +0.15 V

Anode : Zn (s) + 2HO- (aq) → Zn(OH)2 (s) + 2e- E 0 red = -1.25 V

a) What is the overall cell potential? What is the free energy change for this process?

b) During the discharge of the battery, 2.00 g of Mn2O3 is produced at the cathode. How many grams of Zn were consumed?

c) Consider this half reaction: Cd(OH)2 + 2e- → Cd(s) + 2HO- (aq) E°red = -0.76V What is the overall cell potential and free energy change of the battery described above if the Zn anode is replaced by Cd?

2.) Ca(s) can be obtained by electrolysis of molten CaCl2. What amperage is needed to produce 10.00 g of Ca(s) in a period of 1h assuming that the process is 100% efficient?

Mechanical systems must usually operate over a range of conditions. Unfortu- nately, one or more resonance points may have to be passed through during sys- tem startup to operating state or during system shutdown. How can this type of transitory resonance problem be addressed? What analytical tools could you use to convince someone of your approach?

Historically the S&P 500 Stock Index has returned about 8% a year but returns are very uneven as recent experience has reminded us - the INDEX declined by more than 50% from its peak in 2007 and took 7 years to attain that peak level again. This year (2019) the S & P 500 Index has gained about 10% through today’s date after declining almost 10% for last year( 2018). It has since recovered. In contrast a typical Money Market Fund has returned about 2% a year with minimal fluctuation. Given this, evaluate the following:

d) How risky would it be if you planned to use the Money Market fund as the major component of your retirement fund, 40 years from now? Briefly discuss your perception of risk in this decision, given your objective!

Very low                                                                                               Very high

                 risk              ____    ____    ____    ____    ____    ____    ____        risk

                                       1          2          3       4        5           6          7

            .

Briefly explain your decision: (2 points)

Preparation

Remember Sun City Boards, which you read about in the Why It Matters (Links to an external site.) and Putting It Together (Links to an external site.) sections of the Planning and Mission module? In this assignment, we’ll return to Sun City Boards and the management challenges its owner, Tom Wilson, faces. You’ll advise Tom on strategic management steps he and Sun City Boards should take to develop and implement their new strategy.

The Environments and Strategic Management module of your text introduced several strategic planning tools to use at different stages of the strategic management process. As an advisor for Sun City Boards, your assignment is to select one of the strategic management tools described in the reading, explain how it works, and explain why it will be of value to Sun City Boards. The following steps will help you prepare for your written assignment:

1. Thoroughly read the Environments and Strategic Management module.
2. Carefully consider the tools described in the reading to assist with the Objectives and Analysis step of the strategic management process.
3. Select one of the analysis tools to explain to Tom Wilson.

Your Task

Write a three-paragraph essay describing your chosen tool and why you selected it. Your essay must include three properly referenced and defined terms from the module reading. For example, if you select SWOT Analysis, you could include the definitions of each letter. Answer and address the following questions:

• What is the purpose of the tool? What conclusions will it help Sun City Boards draw?
• How does the tool work? How does it measure the relevant factors, or how does it derive importance from them?
• How will your selected tool align with other strategic steps in the process? In other words, when the analysis leads you to a conclusion, how will you use the conclusion in the next step?
• What specifically does the tool NOT address?

In addition to the text, you are encouraged to research your tool using reliable and properly cited Internet resources. You may also draw from your personal work experience with appropriate examples to support your references.

I choose strategy implementation as my analysis tool to explain to Tom Wilson.