QUESTION 8
In a base-case scenario, the output is determined by assuming
| a. |
worst values that can be expected for the random variables of a model. |
|
| b. |
the most likely values for the random variables of a model. |
|
| c. |
the mean trial values for the random variables of a model. |
|
| d. |
best values that can be expected for the random variables of a model. |
|
| e. |
None of the above |
1.5 points
QUESTION 9
The points where constraints intersect on the boundary of the feasible region are termed as the
| a. |
feasible points |
|
| b. |
extreme points |
|
| c. |
feasible edges |
|
| d. |
objective function contour |
|
| e. |
None of the above |
1.5 points
QUESTION 10
A set of values for the random variables is called a(n)
| a. |
permuation |
|
| b. |
combination |
|
| c. |
event |
|
| d. |
trial |
|
| e. |
None of the above |
1.5 points
QUESTION 11
Which of the following techniques belongs to predictive analytics?
| a. |
Linear regression |
|
| b. |
Decision analysis |
|
| c. |
Data visulaization |
|
| d. |
Optimization models |
|
| e. |
I do not know |
1.5 points
QUESTION 12
The purpose of regression analysis is to
| a. |
verify a statistical hypothesis concerning the unknown population parameter |
|
| b. |
check the correlation between the mean and the variance |
|
| c. |
prove the mean depends on the standard deviation |
|
| d. |
identify the relationship between a dependent variable and independent variables |
|
| e. |
I do not know |
1.5 points
QUESTION 13
The uncontrollable future events that affect the outcomes of a decision are known as
| a. |
states of nature |
|
| b. |
alternatives |
|
| c. |
payoffs |
|
| d. |
decision outcomes |
|
| e. |
I do not know |
1.5 points
QUESTION 14
A __________ uses repeated random sample to represent uncertainty in a model representing a real system and that computes the values of model outputs.
| a. |
Monte Carlo simulation |
|
| b. |
what-if analysis |
|
| c. |
deterministic model |
|
| d. |
discrete event simulation |
|
| e. |
I do not know |
In: Statistics and Probability
Stillwater Video Company, Inc. produces and markets two popular video games, High Range and Star Boundary. The closing account balances on the company's balance sheet for the last year are as follows: Cash, $18,735; Accounts Receivable, $19,900; Materials Inventory, $18,510; Work in Process Inventory, $24,680; Finished Goods Inventory, $21,940; Prepaid Expenses, $3,420; Plant and Equipment, $262,800; Accumulated Depreciation-Plant and Equipment, $55,845; Other Assets, $9,480; Accounts Payable, $52,640; Mortgage Payable, $70,000; Common Stock, $90,000; and Retained Earnings, $110,980.
Operating budgets for the first quarter of the coming year show the following estimated costs: direct materials purchases, $58,100; direct materials usage, $62,400; direct labor expense, $42,880; overhead, $51,910; selling expenses, $35,820; general and administrative expenses, $60,240; cost of goods manufactured, $163,990; and cost of goods sold, $165,440. Estimated ending cash balances are as follows: January, $34,610; February, $60,190; and March, $54,802. The company will have no capital expenditures during the quarter.
Sales are projected to be $125,200 in January, $105,100 in February, and $112,600 in March. Accounts receivable are expected to double during the quarter, and accounts payable are expected to decrease by 20 percent. Mortgage payments for the quarter will total $6,000 of which $2,000 will be interest expense. Prepaid expenses are expected to go up by $20,000, and other assets are projected to increase by 50 percent over the budgeted period. Depreciation for plant and equipment (already included in the overhead budget) averages 5 percent of total plant and equipment for the year. Federal income taxes (34 percent of profits) are payable in April. The company pays no dividends.
Required
In: Accounting
short answers
In: Civil Engineering
In this assignment we will be working with both text strings and a user input integer array from the data segment. The goal of the assignment is to have the user choose the number of items that they want to have in an array (we will keep it a small number for now, 1-10) and then enter those values which we will store into our array. We then want to allow them to search for a specific item in the list of number that they just entered and report if the number was found or not. Requirements:
• Name your program P02LastNameFirstName.asm
• You must make use of the data segment in order to both have strings to prompt the user and to have a location to store the values the user inputs.
• String prompts and information about the program must be given to the user in a well formatted and logical fashion so that someone using the program with no knowledge about it would understand what is happening.
• The user must be allowed to choose the number of items they are going to input, though we will limit it to a smaller number (1-10).
• The user can then enter their integers, which must be stored in the array defined in the data segment.
• You will then prompt the user for an integer to search for and then search through the input array to see if it is present. • If it is, report success. If it is not found, report failure.
Hints: • Remember that the data segment holds the larger pieces of data and the text segment has the instructions that will be run. • You can define an area for more data than you use. • Using “.align #” in the data segment can help if your array is not aligned on memory boundaries (an error you may encounter). The # refers to the boundary you want to align on, check the tooltip in MARS for more information. The value 2 is the likely choice. • Keep in mind that since we are working with integers, that we will need to move through our array with their size in mind.
In: Computer Science
Electromagnetics
Question B1.
(a) A generator with Vg = 300 V, and Zg = 50 Ω is connected to a load ZL =75 Ω through a 50-Ω lossless transmission line of length, l = 0.15λ. Determine the,
(i) Zin, the input impedance of the line at the generator end;
(ii) input current I i and voltage Vi ;
(iii) time-average power delivered to the line, = 0.5 x Re{V .I*};
(iv) load voltage VL, and current, IL; and
(v) the time-average power delivered to the load, = 0.5 x Re{VL .IL*};how does compare to ? Explain?
(vi) compute the time average power delivered by the generator, Pg , and the time average power dissipated in Zg . Is conservation of power satisfied?. [12 marks]
(b) A team of scientists is designing a radar as a probe for measuring the depth of the ice layer over the antarctic land mass. In order to measure a detectable echo due to the reflection by the ice-rock boundary, the thickness of the ice sheet should not exceed three skin depths. If ε' = 3 a n d ε'' = 10-2 for ice and if the maximum anticipated ice thickness in the area under exploration is 1.2 km, what frequency range is useable with the radar? [6 marks]
(c) A 0.5-MHz antenna carried by an airplane flying over the ocean surface generates a wave that approaches the water surface in the form of a normally incident plane wave with an electricfield amplitude of 3,000 (V/m). Sea water is characterized by μr = 1, εr = 72, and σ = 4 S/m. The plane is trying to communicate a message to a submarine submerged at a depth d below the water surface. The submarine’s receiver requires a minimum signal of 0.01 μV/m amplitude, what is the maximum depth d to which successful communication is still possible? [7 marks]
In: Electrical Engineering
Can someone please complete the following code(Java). The stuff in comments are the things you need to look at and code that
package mini2;
import static mini2.State.*;
/**
* Utility class containing the key algorithms for moves in the
* a yet-to-be-determined game.
*/
public class PearlUtil
{
private PearlUtil()
{
// disable instantiation
}
/**
* Replaces all PEARL states with EMPTY state between indices
* start and end, inclusive.
* @param states
* any array of States
* @param start
* starting index, inclusive
* @param end
* ending index, inclusive
*/
public static void collectPearls(State[] states, int start, int end)
{
// TODO
}
/**
* Returns the index of the rightmost movable block that is at or
* to the left of the given index start. Returns -1 if
* there is no movable block at start or to the left.
* @param states
* array of State objects
* @param start
* starting index for searching
* @return
* index of first movable block encountered when searching towards
* the left, starting from the given starting index; returns -1 if there
* is no movable block found
*/
public static int findRightmostMovableBlock(State[] states, int start)
{
// TODO
return 0;
}
/**
* Creates a state array from a string description, using the character
* representations defined by State.getValue. (For invalid
* characters, the corresponding State will be null, as determined by
* State.getValue.)
* Spaces in the given string are ignored; that is, the length of the returned
* array is the number of non-space characters in the given string.
* @param text
* given string
* @return
* State array constructed from the string
*/
public static State[] createFromString(String text)
{
// TODO
return null;
}
/**
* Determines whether the given state sequence is valid for the moveBlocks
* method. A state sequence is valid for moveBlocks if
*
*
*
*
* of the array
*
* Boundary states are defined by the method State.isBoundary, and
* are defined differently based on whether there is any movable block in the array.
* @param states
* any array of States
* @return
* true if the array is a valid state sequence, false otherwise
*/
public static boolean isValidForMoveBlocks(State[] states)
{
// TODO
return false;
}
/**
* Updates the given state sequence to be consistent with shifting the
* "player" to the right as far as possible. The starting position of the player
* is always index 0. The state sequence is assumed to be valid
* for movePlayer, which means that the sequence could have been
* obtained by applying moveBlocks to a sequence that was valid for
* moveBlocks. That is, the validity condition is the same as for moveBlocks,
* except that
*
*
*
* no movable blocks
*
*
* The player's new index, returned by the method, will be one of the following:
*
*
* first movable block in the array;
*
* the last position in the array;
*
*
* Note the last state of the array is always treated as a boundary for the
* player, even if it is OPEN_GATE or PORTAL.
* All pearls in the sequence are changed to EMPTY and any open gates passed
* by the player are changed to CLOSED_GATE by this method. (If the player's new index
* is on an open gate, its state remains OPEN_GATE.)
* @param states
* a valid state sequence
* @return
* the player's new index
*/
public static int movePlayer(State[] states)
{
// TODO
return 0;
}
/**
* Updates the given state sequence to be consistent with shifting all movable
* blocks as far to the right as possible, replacing their previous positions
* with EMPTY. Adjacent movable blocks
* with opposite parity are "merged" from the right and removed. The
* given array is assumed to be valid for moveBlocks in the sense of
* the method validForMoveBlocks. If a movable block moves over a pearl
* (whether or not the block is subsequently removed
* due to merging with an adjacent block) then the pearl is also replaced with EMPTY.
*
* Note that merging is logically done from the right.
* For example, given a cell sequence represented by ".+-+#", the resulting cell sequence
* would be "...+#", where indices 2 and 3 as move to index 3 and disappear
* and position 1 is moved to index 3.
* @param states
* a valid state sequence
*/
public static void moveBlocks(State[] states)
{
// TODO
}
}
Here's the class where you can check your code
package mini2;
/**
* Possible cell states for a certain puzzle game.
*/
public enum State
{
// WARNING: if we change these, be sure to update the TEXT array
too!
EMPTY,
WALL,
PEARL,
OPEN_GATE,
CLOSED_GATE,
MOVABLE_POS,
MOVABLE_NEG,
SPIKES_LEFT,
SPIKES_RIGHT,
SPIKES_DOWN,
SPIKES_UP,
SPIKES_ALL,
PORTAL;
public static boolean isMovable(State s)
{
return s == MOVABLE_POS || s == MOVABLE_NEG;
}
public static boolean canMerge(State s1, State s2)
{
return s1 == MOVABLE_POS && s2 == MOVABLE_NEG ||
s2 == MOVABLE_POS && s1 == MOVABLE_NEG;
}
public static boolean isBoundary(State s, boolean
containsMovable)
{
if (!containsMovable)
{
return s == CLOSED_GATE ||
s == SPIKES_LEFT ||
s == SPIKES_RIGHT ||
s == SPIKES_DOWN ||
s == SPIKES_UP ||
s == SPIKES_ALL ||
s == WALL;
}
else
{
return s == CLOSED_GATE ||
s == SPIKES_LEFT ||
s == SPIKES_RIGHT ||
s == SPIKES_DOWN ||
s == SPIKES_UP ||
s == SPIKES_ALL ||
s == WALL ||
s == OPEN_GATE ||
s == PORTAL;
}
}
public static final char[] TEXT = {
'.', // EMPTY,
'#', // WALL,
'@', // PEARL,
'o', // OPEN_GATE,
'x', // CLOSED_GATE,
'+', // MOVABLE_POS,
'-', // MOVABLE_NEG,
'<', // SPIKES_LEFT,
'>', // SPIKES_RIGHT,
'v', // SPIKES_DOWN,
'^', // SPIKES_UP,
'*', // SPIKES_ALL,
'O'// PORTAL;
};
public static final char NULL_CHAR = 'n';
public static char getChar(State s)
{
if (s == null)
{
return NULL_CHAR;
}
else
{
return TEXT[s.ordinal()];
}
}
public static State getValue(char c)
{
int i;
for (i = 0; i < TEXT.length; ++i)
{
if (TEXT[i] == c)
{
break;
}
}
if (i < TEXT.length)
{
return State.values()[i];
}
else if (c >= 'A' && c <= 'Z')
{
return State.PORTAL;
}
else return null;
}
public static String toString(State[] arr)
{
return toString(arr, true);
}
public static String toString(State[] arr, boolean addSpaces)
{
String text = "";
for (int col = 0; col < arr.length; ++col)
{
State s = arr[col];
char ch = getChar(s);
text += ch;
if (addSpaces && col < arr.length - 1)
{
text += " ";
}
}
return text;
}
}
In: Computer Science
Case Study No. 1
Sue Kim, 49 years of age, emigrated from South Korea to the
United States 6 years ago. Her family came to the US to
educate their children and moved in with family members in
Los Angeles. Sue and her husband graduated from a top-ranked
university
in South Korea, and her husband also had a master’s degree in
business. However, their English skills were not adequate for
them to get jobs in the United States. Instead, they opened a
Korean grocery store with the money they brought from South
Korea, and they managed to settle down in Los Angeles, where a
number of Koreans are living. They have two children: Mina, a
25-year-old daughter who is
now the manager of a local shop, and Yujun, a 21-year-old
son who is a college student. Both children were born in
South
Korea and moved to United States with Sue. The children had
a hard time, especially Mina, who came to the United States
in
her senior year of high school. However, the children finally
adapted to their new environment. Now, Mina is living alone
in one-bedroom apartment near downtown, and Yujun is
living in a university dormitory. The Kim’s are a religious family
and attend their community’s
protestant church regularly. They are involved in many church
activities. Sue and her husband have been too busy to have
regular annual checkups for the past 6 years. About 1 year ago, Sue
began to have serious indigestion, nausea, vomiting, and upper
abdominal pain; she took some
over-the-counter medicine and tried to tolerate the pain.
Last
month, her symptoms became more serious; she visited a local
clinic and was referred to a larger hospital. Recently, she
was
diagnosed with stomach cancer after a series of diagnostics
tests and had surgery; she is now is undergoing chemotherapy. You
are the nurse who is taking care of Sue during this
hospitalization. Sue is very polite and modest whenever you
approach her. Sue is very quiet and never complains about any
symptoms or pain. However, on several occasions, you think
that Sue is in serious pain, when considering her facial
expressions and sweating forehead. You think that Sue’s
English skills may not allow her to adequately communicate
with health care providers. Also, you find that Sue does not
have many visitors -only her husband and two children.
NCM 100 TFN – Case Study 1 Topic: Transitions Theory by Afaf
Ibrahim Meleis
You frequently find Sue praying while listening to some
previous songs. You also find her sobbing silently. About 2
weeks are left until Sue finishes chemotherapy. You think
that
you should do something for Sue so she will not suffer
through pain and symptoms that could be easily controlled
with existing pain-management strategies. Now, you begin
some preliminary planning. Answer the following Questions:
1. Describe your assessment of the transition(s) Sue is
experiencing. What are the types and patterns of
transition(s)?
What properties of transitions can you identify from her
case?
2. What personal, community, and societal transition
conditions may have influenced Sue’s experience? What are
the cultural meanings attached to cancer, cancer pain, and
symptoms accompanying chemotherapy, in this situation?
What are Sue’s cultural attitudes toward cancer and cancer
patient’s? What factors may facilitate or inhibit her
transition(s)?
3. Consider the patterns of response that Sue is showing.
What
are the indicators of healthy transition(s)? What are the
indicators of unhealthy transition(s)?
4. Reflect on how Transitions Theory helped your assessment
and nursing care for Sue. 5. If you were Sue’s nurse, what would be
your first
action/interaction with her? Describe a plan of nursing care
for
Sue.
In: Nursing
Note: This problem is for the 2018 tax year. Logan B. Taylor is a widower whose wife, Sara, died on June 6, 2016. He lives at 4680 Dogwood Lane, Springfield, MO 65801. He is employed as a paralegal by a local law firm. During 2018, he had the following receipts: Salary $ 80,000 Interest income— Money market account at Omni Bank $300 Savings account at Boone State Bank 1,100 City of Springfield general purpose bonds 3,000 4,400 Inheritance from Daniel 60,000 Life insurance proceeds 200,000 Amount from sale of St. Louis lot 80,000 Proceeds from estate sale 9,000 Federal income tax refund (for 2017 tax overpayment) 700 Logan inherited securities worth $60,000 from his uncle, Daniel, who died in 2018. Logan also was the designated beneficiary of an insurance policy on Daniel's life with a maturity value of $200,000. The lot in St. Louis was purchased on May 2, 2013, for $85,000 and held as an investment. Because the neighborhood has deteriorated, Logan decided to cut his losses and sold the lot on January 5, 2018, for $80,000. The estate sale consisted largely of items belonging to Sara and Daniel (e.g., camper, boat, furniture, and fishing and hunting equipment). Logan estimates that the property sold originally cost at least twice the $9,000 he received and has declined or stayed the same in value since Sara and Daniel died. Logan's expenditures for 2018 include the following: Medical expenses (including $10,500 for dental) $11,500 Taxes— State of Missouri income tax (includes withholdings during 2018) $4,200 Property taxes on personal residence 4,500 8,700 Interest on home mortgage (Boone State Bank) 5,600 Contribution to church (paid pledges for 2018 and 2019) 4,800 Logan and his dependents are covered by his employer's health insurance policy for all of 2018. However, he is subject to a deductible, and dental care is not included. The $10,500 dental charge was for Helen's implants. Helen is Logan's widowed mother, who lives with him (see below). Logan normally pledges $2,400 ($200 per month) each year to his church. On December 5, 2018, upon the advice of his pastor, he prepaid his pledge for 2019. Logan's household, all of whom he supports, includes the following: Social Security Number Birth Date Logan Taylor (age 48) 123-45-6787 08/30/1970 Helen Taylor (age 70) 123-45-6780 01/13/1948 Asher Taylor (age 23) 123-45-6783 07/18/1995 Mia Taylor (age 22) 123-45-6784 02/16/1996 Helen receives a modest Social Security benefit. Asher, a son, is a full-time student in dental school and earns $4,500 as a part-time dental assistant. Mia, a daughter, does not work and is engaged to be married. Federal income tax of $4,500 was withheld from his wages. Required: Compute Logan's income tax for 2018. If Logan has any overpayment on his income tax, he wants the refund sent to him. Assume that the proper amounts of Social Security and Medicare taxes were withheld. Logan does not want to contribute to the Presidential Election Campaign Fund. Make realistic assumptions about any missing data. Enter all amounts as positive numbers except any losses. Use the minus sign to indicate a loss. If an amount box does not require an entry or the answer is zero, enter "0". It may be necessary to complete the other tax schedules before completing Form 1040. Use the included tax rate schedules to compute the tax. When computing the tax liability, do not round your immediate calculations. If required round your final answers to the nearest dollar.
In: Accounting
Review the content on people and power in communities, social support networks, and empowerment and communities. Read the scenario below and answer the subsequent questions:
1. In what ways does Chuck have power and in what ways does he not? (Power may involve information, wealth, reputation, high status, holding a decision-making position, laws and policies, connections.)
2. What social support networks might be developed or enhanced for Chuck to empower himself?
3. In what other ways might Chuck’s involvement with the community be enhanced?
SCENARIO: A concerned neighbor, Al, referred Chuck, 77, to the Hustlebustle County Older Adults Protective Services Unit. Chuck lives in his small rundown two-story home in an urban neighborhood. Al reported that twice he found Chuck had fallen helplessly on the ground while walking out to get his mail. Both times Al had to practically carry Chuck back into the house. Chuck has rheumatoid arthritis which makes it very difficult to walk even with his two canes. Additionally, his eyesight is very poor. Al also raised questions about Chuck's ability to shop and cook for himself.
Chuck’s wife Vicki died two years ago after a long bout with intestinal cancer. Since her death, Chuck has remained isolated and alone. He has three sons. Only his oldest son Mike, 48, lives in the area 12 miles away and owns a small delicatessen. Mike works long hours to keep his business afloat and has little time to spend with his own family, let alone with Chuck. Mike and his wife Jane have three teenage daughters. Chuck is proud of his grandchildren and looks forward to seeing them on holidays. Jane works part-time in the deli to help out whenever she can. Jane calls Chuck every few weeks to see how he’s doing. Sometimes, she drives him to medical appointments or to pick up some groceries.
Chuck’s second son Horace, 42, is a pop artist in San Francisco. The youngest, Henry, 35, is a worm farmer in Idaho. Both are single. Chuck usually talks to them on the phone every month or two. Chuck used to attend church regularly. However, the church is located four blocks from his home and he finds it too difficult to walk there. He no longer can drive.
Chuck considers himself an intelligent, independent man who worked hard all of his life as a carpenter. However, since his arthritis took a turn for the worse ten years ago, he has had to stop working. He is now facing financial difficulties. He has experienced many years of little income and high health costs for both him and his wife. He is becoming increasingly depressed at his failing health. However, he clings doggedly to the notion he must remain in his home. To do otherwise, he thinks to himself, would mean giving up and accepting certain death. Chuck is aware of the Happy Heavenly Health Care Center, a nursing home five blocks from his home. He has sadly watched some of his friends enter it and dreads the thought of having to go himself.
In summary, Chuck’s problems include: failing health involving arthritis, poor eyesight, and intestinal distress (the last of which he does not like to talk about); loneliness; having few activities to keep him busy; and feeling unwanted and unimportant. Strengths include: intelligence; independence; ownership of his home; having concerned children; and an outgoing, sociable personality. Some of Chuck’s likes include: a love of reading classical novels (on bright days when his eyesight improves slightly); seeing his children; playing stud poker; and drinking beer (not light, because he thinks it tastes like colored water).
In: Psychology
Your client, Gwendolyn R. Nichols, SSN: 113-33-3333, DOB: 05-01-1941, attends her annual appointment with you to discuss the filing of her 2018 Federal Income Tax return. Gwendolyn is a widow, her husband, Harold T. Nichols, SSN: 144-44-4444, DOB: 05-13-1939, died on December 11, 2017 of natural causes. She tells you that she paid $11,000 in funeral expenses in January of 2018. Gwendolyn cares for two of her great-grandchildren, Jordan A. Lancaster, SSN: 115-55-5555, DOB: 12-15-2009 and Rose G. Lancaster, SSN: 116-66-6666, DOB: 08-03-2013. Her great-grandchildren live with her full-time. Gwendolyn’s grand-daughter, Therese Lancaster, SSN: 117-77-7777, DOB 03-15-1990, the mother of Gwendolyn’s great-grandchildren, lived with Gwendolyn from May of 2017 through January of 2019. She had a few off and on jobs, Gwendolyn isn’t sure how much she made from work, but says that it wasn’t very much because she wasn’t employed most of the time she lived with her. Gwendolyn tells you that she decreased her hours as a clerk at the library this year and that now she only works about 10 hours each week. She has a W-2 from the library reporting $12,500 in wages. She receives social security benefits of $1,000 per month and she still receives about $10,000 each year in tax-exempt interest. She also receives $750.00 per month from her late husband’s pension. She has provided you with all of the supporting tax documents for these items of income. She owns the residence at 123 West Kansas Street, Pittsburg, Kansas 66762 and has a small mortgage on the property which she took out several years ago to pay for a new roof. She paid real estate property tax on her home of $750. She also owns a 2010 Buick LeSabre and she provides you with a copy of the property tax statement. Gwendolyn is on Medicare and most of her medical expenses are paid. However, she advises you that she paid a total of $1,000 in medical services for various doctor’s appointments, eye glasses and prescriptions for herself. Jordan and Rose have Kansas HealthWave insurance which costs Gwendolyn $100 dollars a month. She also had $500 in additional health care costs for her great-grandchildren. Gwendolyn is an active member of her local Christian church and she donated $500 to the church in the form of cash charitable contributions and she made them a quilt which she donated for a fund-raising raffle. The quilt cost her about $200 for materials and she estimates its value at $600. Gwendolyn provides you the following documents related to her 2018 tax return: W-2 from the Pittsburg Community Library 1099 SSA Social Security Statement 1099-INT from Security Investments, Inc. 1099-R from the Fireman’s Pension fund 2018 Real Estate Property Tax Receipt 2018 Personal Property Tax Receipt Charitable contributions statements 1099-G regarding State of Kansas Tax Refund for 2017 1098 Mortgage Interest Statement Tax Bill for preparation of 2017 taxes, paid Gwendolyn requests that you complete her 2018 federal income tax return. For purposes of this assignment you may assume that all persons are covered by insurance for the entire year. You do not need to complete a state income tax return. You also do not need to concern yourself with any child tax credits. Please complete all attached forms and show how you calculated tax. In addition to completing his tax return, please also answer the following questions:
3. Should she file with a standard or itemized deductions, why?
In: Accounting