writing a well documented program with multiple classes and arrays.  

Include a pledge and the IDE used in the descriptive header of the driver class

1. Create a Student class with
   1. Private instance variables for first and last name, three integer scores, the average ,and letter grade
   2. A constructor with values
   3. Methods to set and get the values of the instance variables
   4. Methods to get the average and letter grade
   5. Method to calculate the average of the three scores and to assign this value to the instance variable average
   6. Method to determine the letter grade and to assign this value to the instance variable grade
   7. Method to format and print the name, scores, average ( to two decimal places), and letter grade. (using printf() in a toString method)
2. Create a StudentMod3 class
   1. Declare an array of objects of type Student for three people
   2. One person at a time, read their first and last name, and three scores, into each of the three elements of the array
   3. Determine the average and letter grade of all the three students. Letter grade is based on the following criteria - average 90-100 grade is A, 80-89.99 grade is B, 70-79.99 grade is C, all others F (use a nested if)
   4. Output the name, scores, average, and letter grade of the three people

A German car will cost $45,000 and have fuel usage of 21mpg for the first 5 years, and decrease
by 1% thereafter to year 8. Repair cost will start at $1000 in year 1 and increase by 4% per year.
It will have a salvage value of $7000 at the end of year 8. Insurance cost will be $850 the first year,
increasing by 2% per year thereafter.
The American car will cost $35,000 and have fuel usage of 20mpg for the first 3 years, and will
decrease by 3% per year thereafter. Repair cost will be $800 in year 1, increasing by 4% per year
thereafter. Being an American, the graduate will price the pride of owning an American car at $0.4
for every 20 miles driven, increasing by 2% per year. Insurance cost will be $800 per year
increasing by 2.2% per year. The car can be sold for $5500 at the end of year 8.
If the graduate anticipates driving 150000 miles by the end of year 8 and the average interest rate
is expected to remain at 5% per year, which car is economically affordable based on present worth
analysis? Assume fuel cost will be $3 per gallon in year 1 and increase by an average of 2% per
year. Show all your workings.

a. Keenan Industries has a bond outstanding with an 8.25% coupon, payable semiannually, and a $1,000 par value. The bond's dollar price is $1,066.00 and the bond is callable at 104. The bond's yield to call is 7.41 percent. When can the bond be called (round to the nearest whole year)?

b. You turn 35 today, and you plan to save $2,000 each month for retirement, with the first deposit made at the end of this month. You plan to retire 30 years from today, when you turn 65, but you're not sure how long you can expect to live after retirement, so you want the payments to go on forever. Under these assumptions, how much can you spend each month after you retire? Your first withdrawal will be made at the end of the first month of retirement.

c. You agree to make 36 deposits of $750 at the end of each month into a bank account. At the end of the 36th month, you will have $30,000 in your account. If the bank compounds interest monthly, what nominal annual interest rate will you be earning?

You will invest in a mutual fund that's expected to provide a return of 4.5% per year, compounded monthly throughout your life.

Attachment A

Amana Ltd was facing its first loss since listing five years ago and the chairperson of the board of directors/CEO was not about to let that happen. His bonus was tied to reported earnings. He owes shares in the company and knows the psychological impact of a first-time loss will hit his company’s share price. He asked staff who were also affected by the bonus rules to turn the loss to a small profit by the following methods:

Create fictitious inventory by adding false count sheets to the inventory count;

Bring sales for the first 10 days of the subsequent year forward;

Postpone the recognition of the expenses associated with suppliers’ invoices until the subsequent period; and

Create false claims for credit on goods returned and volume discounts that had been supposedly agreed to by suppliers.

Required

Bonus plans and employee share ownership are generally considered to be features that align the incentives of managers with those of shareholders. Is this the case for Amana Ltd?

What is the accounting impact of each of the methods listed above? For each method, identify the major account balance/class of transaction and assertion at risk of misstatement.

For each method, list two audit procedures or tests that would detect these attempts to commit fraud.

You are a pricing analyst for QuantCrunch Corporation, a company that recently spent $15,000 to develop a statistical software package. To date, you only have one client. A recent internal study revealed that this client’s demand for your software is Qd = 300 – 0.2P and that it would cost you $1,000 per unit to install and maintain software at this client’s site. The CEO of your company recently asked you to construct a report that compares (1) the profit that results from charging this client a single (profit-maximizing) per-unit price with (2) the profit that results from charging $1,450 for the first 10 units and $1,225 for each additional unit of software purchased.

What type of pricing strategy is (1)? Third-degree pricing strategy Per-unit pricing strategy First-degree pricing strategy Second-degree pricing strategy

What type of pricing strategy is (2)? First-degree pricing strategy Third-degree pricing strategy Per-unit pricing strategy Second-degree pricing strategy

Between pricing strategy (1) and (2), which is more profitable? Strategy (2) Strategy (1)

True or False: You could earn more profits using a two-part pricing strategy.

a) Describe the main categories of financial ratios and discuss how financial ratios can facilitate the financial analysis. [10 marks]

b) Discuss the effect of FIFO (First In First Out) and LIFO (Last In First Out) methods on the balance sheet and income statement during periods of inflation.

c) Describe what are the common-size financial statements and explain why corporations use them.

d) Under what circumstances can a firm increase its share price by cutting its dividend and increasing its investment?

e) How does the growth rate used in the total payout model differ from the growth rate used in the dividend-discount model?

f) State the efficient market hypothesis. What are the implications of the efficient market hypothesis for corporate managers?

g) Explain what is a firm’s weighted average cost of capital (WACC). Explain why it is often used as a discount rate to evaluate projects.

h) What inputs do we need to estimate a firm’s equity cost of capital using the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM)?

i) Explain in detail why projects within the same firm may have different costs of capital.

COMPSYS is a start-up computer company. This year, the first year of operations, the company expects to reach a Sales Revenue of $750,000. The company expects its sales to grow at a rate of 15% per year. Its Cost of Goods Sold (COGS) is running at 34% of Sales Revenue, and is expected to remain at that rate. Its Selling Costs are 12% of Sales in the first year and are expected to increase by an additional 3% per year after that. Its General and Administrative Costs (including Research and Development) are $410,000 this year, and are scheduled to rise at 4% every year after that. Earnings Before Taxes (EBT) is Sales Revenue less Cost of Goods Sold, Selling Costs, and General and Administrative Costs. Taxes are 25% of Earnings Before Taxes, if the Earnings Before Taxes are greater than zero but less than or equal to $50,000. If earnings are greater than $50,000 per year, then the tax rate is 35%. Use IF statements for computing taxes.

a)        Design and implement a worksheet to make a 5-year income statement projection for COMPSYS starting from this year. First, plan the format and layout of your worksheet areas. You should have separate areas for documenting the spreadsheet, indicating areas of the worksheet, and identifying assumptions with well-labeled separate cells for each of the growth rates and proportional factors. You should have a separate row for each item in the income statement and a separate column for each year. The final row should be for Earnings After Taxes. Use the Fill operation wherever possible.

b)        Calculate the Net Present Value (NPV) of the Earnings After Taxes for the 5 years. Use a Discount Rate of 7%. Provide a label to indicate the results and place the value at the bottom of your worksheet.

c)         Format your spreadsheet in an attractive manner. The first sheet should contain a brief documentation of the software package that you develop. The second sheet should be the EXCEL model. Here, the assumptions (given in the initial paragraph) should be first stated followed by the actual spreadsheet. The third sheet should contain the graphs you generate.

Optional (the following sections: d and e are optional but will be awarded bonus points if completed correctly)

d)        The management feels that the estimate for the first year's Sales Revenue, Cost of Goods Sold, Selling Costs, and General and Administrative Expenses may not be as certain. Since these four items are critical to the success of the operations, the management would like you to perform a sensitivity analysis to see what would the NPV look like when these numbers fluctuate within a range of +/- 20% of the estimate. That is, provide estimates of costs and revenues for this range which should be 80, 85, 90, 95, 100, 105, 110, 115, and 120% of the standard estimates.

(Hint: When you are formulating for these four items, add a certainty factor to the formulas. The certainty factor should not be hardcoded in the formulas. Always keep the input assumptions in a separate area in your worksheet. Use the Create Data Table under Data to perform the sensitivity analysis.)

e)        Produce the following graphs to present to the management:

• Sales and total expenses over the five-year period. Mark where the business starts to make a profit;

• The impact of fluctuations of the initial estimates for the cost of goods sold percentage; sales revenue; and the general and administrative expenses on the NPV.

(Hint: The horizontal axis should be from 80% to 120% of the original estimates, whilst the vertical axis should be the NPV. Remember, the 100% point is your original estimates. The curves for sales, cost of goods sold and the general and administrative expenses should be in the same graph.)

Be sure to 1) give the null and alternative hypotheses, 2) label which hypothesis is the claim, 3) Identify whether the test is left-tailed, right-tailed, or two-tailed, 4) name the test being used, 5) find the P-value for the sample, 6) state whether you reject or fail to reject the null hypothesis, and 7) give the conclusion in the context of the problem.

3. A student at South Plains College claims that the average cost of textbook is more than $75 dollars. Test this student’s claim using a 0.05 level of significance. A random sample of 15 textbooks had an average price of $78.15 and a standard deviation of $8.80. (9 pts)

4. The health of the bear population in Yellowstone National Park is monitored by periodic measurements taken from anesthetized bears. A sample of 54 bears has a mean weight of 182.9 lbs and it has previously been found that the population standard deviation of bear weights is 81.8 lb. Use a 0.10 level of significance to test the claim that the population mean of all such bear weights is less than 200 lb. (9 pts)

5. It has been believed that one in four Americans (25%) relies on unconventional medicine. Test this claim using a 0.01 level of significance if a recent study reported in the New England Journal of Medicine found that in a random sample of 1,539 adults, 428 of them used some form of unconventional medicine. (9 pts)

6.   A medical researcher wishes to see whether the pulse rates of smokers are higher than the pulse rate of nonsmokers. Samples of 100 smokers and 100 nonsmokers are selected. The results are shown below. Using a level of significance of 0.05, test the claim that smokers have higher pulse rates than nonsmokers. (9 pts) Also, find the 90% confidence interval for the differences of the means. (3 pts)

       Smokers                                        Nonsmoker

x1 = 90 x2 = 88

s1 = 5 s2 = 6

n1 = 100 n2 = 100