1. You moved to the United States in 2017 and became a US citizen in early 2019. You have two adult children. Your son is a citizen and resident of Japan. Your daughter is a citizen and resident of Canada. Both children are in need of immediate cash. You own 100% of the stock and serve as President of a very profitable family business which operates as a C-corp. In order to put immediate cash in your childrens’ hands you decide to transfer a 10% ownership interest in the family business to each of your children and declare a substantial dividend. At the same time, you require both children to sign an agreement that they will make a gift of their 10% ownership interest back to you at a time to be selected independently by each child, as long as the gift to you is completed by no later than December 31, 2025. Would you expect the Internal Revenue Service to challenge the validity of the original gift from you to the children? Name and describe as many as possible of the tools (or weapons) you think the IRS might use to challenge the validity of the gifts to your children?

Early in the year, Charles, Lane, and Tami form the Harrier Corporation for the express purpose of developing a shopping center. All parties are experienced contractors, and they transfer various business assets to Harrier in exchange for all of its stock. Three months after it is formed, Harrier purchases two cranes from Lane for their fair market value of $400,000 by issuing four annual installment notes of $100,000 each. Because the adjusted basis of the cranes is $550,000, Lane plans to recognize a loss of $150,000 in the year of the sale. Does Lane have any potential income tax problem with this plan?

Cupid's Kiss Limited (“CK”) was founded in early 1980s focusing on the manufacturing and trading of baby food and snacks in Hong Kong. After years of development, CK is now one of the well-known baby food producers in Asia. You are the audit manager-in-charge of the audit of CK’s financial statements for the year ended 30 September 2020. The audit is substantially completed. After reviewing the audit documentation, you and your audit partner are satisfied with the audit. There are no significant issues or difficulties encountered in the audit. It has been agreed with CK that the auditor’s report for the year ended 30 September 2020 will be authorised and approved in mid-November 2020. Just a week before the planned approval date of the auditor’s report, you read a news headline: “A popular product of Cupid's Kiss is proven to contain toxic ingredients with a high risk of causing health problems as the raw materials were contaminated. Cupid’s Kiss announced an immediate product recall.”

Required:
(a) Determine and explain whether Cupid’s Kiss toxic ingredients problem is an adjusting event or a non-adjusting event. Discuss its implications to its financial statements for the year ended 30 September 2020.

(b) Suggest relevant audit procedures in response to Cupid’s Kiss toxic ingredients problem.

(c) Determine and explain the auditor’s obligation to follow up on the toxic ingredients problem if the news is only known by the auditor after the issuance of the auditor’s report and the financial statements.

In the early part of 2018, the partners of Hugh, Jacobs, and Thomas sought assistance from a local accountant. They had begun a new business in 2017 but had never used an accountant’s services.

Hugh and Jacobs began the partnership by contributing $85,000 and $35,000 in cash, respectively. Hugh was to work occasionally at the business, and Jacobs was to be employed full-time. They decided that year-end profits and losses should be assigned as follows:

• Each partner was to be allocated 10 percent interest computed on the beginning capital balances for the period.
• A compensation allowance of $5,000 was to go to Hugh with a $17,000 amount assigned to Jacobs.
• Any remaining income would be split on a 4:6 basis to Hugh and Jacobs, respectively.

In 2017, revenues totaled $110,000, and expenses were $84,000 (not including the partners’ compensation allowance). Hugh withdrew cash of $5,000 during the year, and Jacobs took out $10,000. In addition, the business paid $7,000 for repairs made to Hugh’s home and charged it to repair expense.

On January 1, 2018, the partnership sold a 20 percent interest to Thomas for $49,000 cash. This money was contributed to the business with the bonus method used for accounting purposes.

3. What journal entries should the partnership have recorded on December 31, 2017?

4. What journal entry should the partnership have recorded on January 1, 2018?

In early 2017, for the first time, Whispering Winds Corp. invested in the common shares of another Canadian company. It acquired 5,900 shares of Toronto Stock Exchange-traded Bayscape Ltd. at a cost of $81,125. Bayscape is projected to reach a value of $15.50 per share by the end of 2017 and $17.00 by the end of 2018, and has consistently paid an annual dividend of $0.90 per share. Whispering Winds is also a Canadian public corporation with a December 31 year end.

The controller of Whispering Winds is uncertain about which accounting method to use. The company is interested in establishing a closer relationship with Bayscape, but if that fails, Whispering Winds considers the investment a good opportunity to make a gain on its sale in the future. The controller has been advised that the investment could be accounted for at cost or at fair value. If at fair value, a decision would have to be made about whether to put the changes in fair value through net income or other comprehensive income. As one step in making a decision, the controller would like to know what the effect would be on total assets and net income in each of 2017 and 2018 if the predictions about Bayscape’s share prices and dividends are correct. Assume there would be no recycling of realized investment gains and losses.

Prepare journal entries for each of the three accounting alternatives indicated to recognize each of the following: (1) the 2017 dividend, (2) any December 31, 2017 adjustments, (3) the 2018 dividend, and (4) any December 31, 2018 adjustments. (Credit account titles are automatically indented when the amount is entered. Do not indent manually. If no entry is required, select "No Entry" for the account titles and enter 0 for the amounts.)

1) Cost

(1) FV-NI

(1) FV-OCI

(2) Cost

(2) FV-NI

(2) FV-OCI

(3) Cost

(3) FV-NI

(3) FV-OCI

(4) Cost

(4) FV-NI

(4) FV-OCI

7. AppCo is an early stage company whose financial plans call for the company to be sold in 4 years, at a valuation of $50 million. You are considering an investment of $100,000 in AppCo; you like the company but feel that it is a somewhat risky venture, so you want a 35% annual return on your investment. [Hint: refer to Question 1 for guidance]

a. What % of the company would you expect to receive for your $100,000?

b. If there are 1,000,000 shares of StartCo already outstanding, out of 50 million shares authorized, how many shares will you be purchasing, and at what price?

In the early part of 2018, the partners of Hugh, Jacobs, and Thomas sought assistance from a local accountant. They had begun a new business in 2017 but had never used an accountant’s services.

Hugh and Jacobs began the partnership by contributing $105,000 and $55,000 in cash, respectively. Hugh was to work occasionally at the business, and Jacobs was to be employed full-time. They decided that year-end profits and losses should be assigned as follows:

• Each partner was to be allocated 10 percent interest computed on the beginning capital balances for the period.
• A compensation allowance of $7,000 was to go to Hugh with a $19,000 amount assigned to Jacobs.
• Any remaining income would be split on a 4:6 basis to Hugh and Jacobs, respectively.

In 2017, revenues totaled $130,000, and expenses were $96,000 (not including the partners’ compensation allowance). Hugh withdrew cash of $6,000 during the year, and Jacobs took out $11,000. In addition, the business paid $9,000 for repairs made to Hugh’s home and charged it to repair expense.

On January 1, 2018, the partnership sold a 15 percent interest to Thomas for $58,000 cash. This money was contributed to the business with the bonus method used for accounting purposes.

3. What journal entries should the partnership have recorded on December 31, 2017?

4. What journal entry should the partnership have recorded on January 1, 2018?