How do you reply to a discussion post below from a classmate? Please provide an answer or additional comments to the discussion. Thank you in advance!

Bonds are securities that are issued or sold to the public by corporations and governments and are a vital source of income. The value of a bond depends on the present value of its coupons and the present value of the face amount. You can determine the price of the bond and the yield by applying the discounted cash flow formulas. Bonds are typically interest only loans and the features are listed in the indenture. The bond’s value is determined by the bond’s maturity periods, face value, coupon, and market interest rates for similar bonds. Bond values largely depend on interest rates because bond prices and interest rates always move in opposite directions.

Most bonds are traded over the counter with little transparency. This makes it difficult to obtain updated prices on bonds. Bonds are quoted at the clean price, with accrued interest removed. One will actually pay the dirty price. Inflation affects interest rates, yields, and returns. Bonds are rated by Moody’s and Standard & Poor’s (S&P). These companies rate according to the creditworthiness of the corporation or government entity. I remember some years ago when the United States rating had declined from AAA to AA+. At the time, I knew their credit had taken a hit, but now I understand in greater detail.

A researcher new to the Tucson area was shocked when she received her first summer electric bill. She believes that energy bills vary dramatically depending on where you live in the United States and sets out to test her claim. She samples 36 people from the Northeast, 100 people from the Southeast, 81 people from the Midwest, and 200 people from the West. She finds the following average annual energy bills from each region: Northeast: $1,159.26 Southeast: $1,202.51 Midwest: $1,300.04 West: $1,199.99

She conducts an ANOVA test in Excel which returns a p-value of 0.0005 with an MSE = 94.12. She rejects the null hypothesis and concludes that there is some difference in the average annual electric bill based on the region.

Calculate a 95% Fisher’s confidence interval between the West and Northeast. Let the West be population 1 and the Northeast be population 2 in the formula. Round your answer to 2 decimals.

Calculate a 95% Fisher’s confidence interval between the West and Southeast. Let the West be population 1 and the Southeast be population 2 in the formula. Round your answer to 2 decimals.

Calculate a 95% Fisher’s confidence interval between the West and Midwest. Let the West be population 1 and the Midwest be population 2 in the formula. Round your answer to 2 decimals.

Happely is a global online marketplace that connects designers with companies who need graphic design work for their projects. Companies often need a custom design that is high quality and don’t want to go to a high-end creative agency to get their needs met. Companies join the platform to hire graphic designers, and graphic designers join the platform to be hired for projects. A company writes a design brief explaining the help that it needs and the specific deliverable needed. Happely provides a search tool to search for designers by their skill sets (e.g., logo design vs. T-shirt design).

Companies like Happely have contributed to the rise of the “gig economy”— an existing market system in which companies hire independent contract workers for short-term projects. To attract business, artists and designers post examples of their work on the platform. Which of the following is an example of an externality relevant to the gig economy?

a. When browsing other artists’ profiles, Angela (another graphic designer) sees Juanita’s designs for socks and misappropriates them for work she is doing on gloves.

b. Due to the rise of popularity for Happely in India, a majority of students at the College of Art in New Delhi start to join the Happely network.

c. Revenue per company increases in the United States over the next year.

d. There is a rise in the number of workers who have sufficient work experience.

Is a movie's earnings related to its ratings? Data on the top ten grossing movies in the United States for the weekend of July 13, 2007, were extracted from the Internet Movie Database (IMDB). These data included the weekend earnings and the average rating from users of IMDB. The rating system used by IMDB is a 10-star rating system. The following table shows the data. Using these data, determine whether there is a relation between a movie's earnings and its ratings.

• Conduct the six-steps of hypothesis testing to determine if there is a relationship between the rating of a film and its gross box office earnings.
• Calculate the expected gross earnings for a movie with a rating of 9.5 and a movie with a rating of 4.8. You will need to solve for the intercept (B) by using the X and Y of any movie and the formula Y= Mx + B. Remember, M = r(Sy / Sx) where M (also called a in the slides) is the slope, r = correlation coefficient, Sy = standard deviation of Y, Sx standard deviation of X).

How do you draw the ATC curve and the MC curve for this Scenario?

THE RESILIENTARMOUR Corporation is an American company that manufactures cost-effective protective covers for automobiles made out of innovative composite material, which currently are being sold only in the United States. ResilientArmour currently produces and sells 100,000 protective covers a month and operates its one factory at 60 percent capacity. At that output, the average total cost (ATC) of manufacturing a protective cover is $19.00. Experience has shown that the ATC decreases as output is expanded beyond 100,000 units per month but rises again if output is increased above 125,000 units per month.

THE RESILIENTARMOUR Corporation normally sells its protective covers domestically for $24.00 each. It recently received an order for an additional 10,000 protective covers per month from a buyer in a foreign country where THE RESILIENTARMOUR Corporation would like to do business. This buyer specified that it would pay no more than $14.00 per protective cover. The firm’s accountants estimate that at 110,000 units a month, the ATC of producing a protective cover would be $18.00. THE RESILIENTARMOUR executives want to accept the order.

ASSIGNMENT INSTRUCTIONS:

Draw the firm’s ATC curve and fit the MC curve to it. Then estimate MC at Q = 110,000. Use the profit-maximizing rules (assume P = MR for this paper) to answer the following questions:

1a. The following statement demonstrates which type of statistics: “On average, students in my urban studies class are twenty-one years old.”

a.Inferential Statistics

b.Descriptive Statistics

c.Both of the above

d.None of the above

1b.) A researcher wants to study the number of job interviews of graduating seniors in the United States. What would be the key variable for the researcher?

a.Number of graduating seniors

b.Average GPA for the student body

c.How long it took the average senior to find a job

d.Number of job interviews each respondent had

1c.) Identify the sampling technique used (cluster, convenience, simple random, stratified, systematic). “Take a sample of five zip codes from the Cleveland metropolitan region and use every elementary school from each of the zip code regions. Determine the number of students enrolled in first grade in each of the schools selected.”

a.Simple

b.Systematic

c.Cluster

d.Stratified

e.convenience

1d.) Identify the sampling technique used (cluster, convenience, simple random, stratified, systematic). “Split Internet users into different age groups and then select a random sample from each age group to determine the amount of time they are online each month.”

a.Simple

b.Systematic

c.Cluster

d.Stratified

e.convenience

1e.) Identify the sampling technique used (cluster, convenience, simple random, stratified, systematic). “Ask five friends for their opinions about the student cafeteria.”

a.Simple

b.Systematic

c.Cluster

d.Stratified

e.convenience

The MCAT, Medical College Admissions Test, must be taken by students wishing to gain entrance to most Medical Programs in Canada and the United States. There are four sections: Physical Sciences (PS), Verbal Reasoning (VR), Biological Sciences (BS), and Writing Sample (WS). The First three are each scored on a scale from 1 to 15, with a mean of 8 and a standard deviation of 2.

(a)Determine the percentile ranks for the following students:

(b)If a Medical School sets a requirement that students who will be considered must have a score of 10 on the Physical Science, 12on the Verbal Reasoning and 11 on the Biological Sciences Sections, what proportion of the population will qualify for each portion of the test?

3.The ACT, American Colleges Test, is comparable to the SAT ReasoningTest. The ACT is well modeled by a normal distribution, X~ N(21, 52),whereas the SAT Reasoning Test is modeled by S~N(1500, 3002). A college will accept either the SAT or the ACT for admissions. A college admissions assistant needs to compare the following two students to each other though they wrote different tests. How would the admissions assistant do this? Which student seemed to score better?

Matthew Chant ACT Score = 27

Joseph BellSAT Score = 2050

Please answer without plagirism

List at least 3 environmental and lifestyle factors that you personally think have contributed the most to America's overweight and obesity trend. Make sure to explain why you think your choices are the top three.

• Some environmental/lifestyle factors to consider include:
  • Food environment, portion sizes, home-cooked meals vs take out, restaurants
  • Emotions, stress, sleep habits, prescription drug use, smoking cessation
  • Sedentary lifestyle, television, the community environment, etc.
  • Why is the government so concerned with the growing obesity trend in the United States? What are they doing about it?
  • What do you think would be the best strategy to stop the obesity trend in the US? List two changes you would make if you were in charge of your community.  
  • Consider your own weight and caloric intake. View your NutriCalc Plus reports. Do you typically meet your DRI energy recommendations? Is your energy (calorie) intake too low, or too high? Are you able to maintain a healthy weight with your current intake?  
  • What strategies do you use to maintain a healthy weight? If you are not at a healthy weight (underweight or overweight), what factors are most challenging to you as you seek to achieve and maintain a healthy weight?  

The General Social Survey is an annual survey given to a random selection of about 1500 adults in the United States. Among the many questions asked are "What is the highest level of education you've completed?" and "If you're employed full-time, how many hours do you spend working at your job during a typical week?"

In a recent year, 1099 respondents answered both questions. The summary statistics are given in the chart below. (The sample data consist of the times, in hours per week, that were given by the respondents.)

To decide if there are any differences in the mean hours per week worked by these different groups, we can perform a one-way, independent-samples ANOVA test. Such a test uses the statistic

F= Variation between Samples/ Variation within the samples

≈F 2.66For the data from the survey,

.

2. The MCAT, Medical College Admissions Test, must be taken by students wishing to gain entrance to most Medical Programs in Canada and the United States. There are four sections: Physical Sciences (PS), Verbal Reasoning (VR), Biological Sciences (BS), and Writing Sample (WS). The first three are each scored on a scale from 1 to 15, with a mean of 8 and a standard deviation of 2.

(a) Determine the percentile ranks for the following students:

(b) If a Medical School sets a requirement that students who will be considered must have a score of 10 on the Physical Science, 12 on the Verbal Reasoning and 11 on the Biological Sciences sections, what proportion of the population will qualify for each portion of the test?

c) The ACT, American Colleges Test, is comparable to the SAT Reasoning Test. The ACT is well modeled by a normal distribution, X~ N(21, 52 ), whereas the SAT Reasoning Test is modeled by S~N(1500, 3002 ). A college will accept either the SAT or the ACT for admissions. A college admissions assistant needs to compare the following two students to each other though they wrote different tests. How would the admissions assistant do this? Which student seemed to score better? Matthew Chant ACT Score = 27 Joseph Bell SAT Score = 2050