The novel corona virus disease (also known as COVID – 19) which started in WUHAN in December 2019 has grounded the global economy to a halt. World crude prices reached their lowest and trade among nations have generally slowed. Production has slowed and jobs are being lost across the globe. Globally, over seven million people have contracted the virus and over four hundred thousand have died. Ghana announced its first two confirmed cases of COVID – 19 on 12 March, 2020 and as at June 14, 2020, the number of confirmed cases stood at 11,964 with 54 deaths. The impact of the COVID – 19 pandemic on Ghanaian economy and the global economy at large is predicted to be very severe. The government of Ghana, like many other governments, is spending more funds on containing the pandemic and limiting the effect of the pandemic on the economy. The IMF Executive Board approved the disbursement of US$1 billion drawn under the Rapid Credit Facility (RCF) for Ghana on April 13, 2020 after receiving application from the country’s government. Given this background, briefly discuss the repercussions of the corona virus pandemic for the Ghanaian economy and foreign exchange market. Suggest ways of mitigating the effects of covid – 19 on Ghana’s balance of payments (BOP).

Question 1 The novel corona virus disease (also known as COVID – 19) which started in WUHAN in December 2019 has grounded the global economy to a halt. World crude prices reached their lowest and trade among nations have generally slowed. Production has slowed and jobs are being lost across the globe. Globally, over seven million people have contracted the virus and over four hundred thousand have died. Ghana announced its first two confirmed cases of COVID – 19 on 12 March, 2020 and as at June 14, 2020, the number of confirmed cases stood at 11,964 with 54 deaths. The impact of the COVID – 19 pandemic on Ghanaian economy and the global economy at large is predicted to be very severe. The government of Ghana, like many other governments, is spending more funds on containing the pandemic and limiting the effect of the pandemic on the economy. The IMF Executive Board approved the disbursement of US$1 billion drawn under the Rapid Credit Facility (RCF) for Ghana on April 13, 2020 after receiving application from the country’s government. Given this background, briefly discuss the repercussions of the corona virus pandemic for the Ghanaian economy and foreign exchange market. Suggest ways of mitigating the effects of covid – 19 on Ghana’s balance of payments (BOP).

McGilla Golf has decided to sell a new line of golf clubs. The clubs will sell for $800 per set and have a variable cost of $360 per set. The company has spent $210,000 for a marketing study that determined the company will sell 66,000 sets per year for seven years. The marketing study also determined that the company will lose sales of 11,200 sets of its high-priced clubs. The high-priced clubs sell at $1,170 and have variable costs of $630. The company will also increase sales of its cheap clubs by 13,200 sets. The cheap clubs sell for $390 and have variable costs of $180 per set. The fixed costs each year will be $10,100,000. The company has also spent $1,600,000 on research and development for the new clubs. The plant and equipment required will cost $37,900,000 and will be depreciated on a straight-line basis. The new clubs will also require an increase in net working capital of $2,300,000 that will be returned at the end of the project. The tax rate is 21 percent, and the cost of capital is 9 percent.

Suppose you feel that the values are accurate to within only ±10 percent. What are the best-case and worst-case NPVs? (Hint: The price and variable costs for the two existing sets of clubs are known with certainty; only the sales gained or lost are uncertain.)

McGilla Golf has decided to sell a new line of golf clubs. The clubs will sell for $825 per set and have a variable cost of $385 per set. The company has spent $260,000 for a marketing study that determined the company will sell 68,200 sets per year for seven years. The marketing study also determined that the company will lose sales of 12,200 sets of its high-priced clubs. The high-priced clubs sell at $1,195 and have variable costs of $655. The company will also increase sales of its cheap clubs by 14,200 sets. The cheap clubs sell for $415 and have variable costs of $205 per set. The fixed costs each year will be $10,350,000. The company has also spent $2,100,000 on research and development for the new clubs. The plant and equipment required will cost $38,400,000 and will be depreciated on a straight-line basis. The new clubs will also require an increase in net working capital of $2,800,000 that will be returned at the end of the project. The tax rate is 21 percent, and the cost of capital is 9 percent. Suppose you feel that the values are accurate to within only ±10 percent. What are the best-case and worst-case NPVs? (Hint: The price and variable costs for the two existing sets of clubs are known with certainty; only the sales gained or lost are uncertain.)

The novel corona virus disease (also known as COVID – 19) which started in WUHAN in December 2019 has grounded the global economy to a halt. World crude prices reached their lowest and trade among nations have generally slowed. Production has slowed and jobs are being lost across the globe. Globally, over seven million people have contracted the virus and over four hundred thousand have died. Ghana announced its first two confirmed cases of COVID – 19 on 12 March, 2020 and as at June 14, 2020, the number of confirmed cases stood at 11,964 with 54 deaths. The impact of the COVID – 19 pandemic on Ghanaian economy and the global economy at large is predicted to be very severe. The government of Ghana, like many other governments, is spending more funds on containing the pandemic and limiting the effect of the pandemic on the economy. The IMF Executive Board approved the disbursement of US$1 billion drawn under the Rapid Credit Facility (RCF) for Ghana on April 13, 2020 after receiving application from the country’s government. Given this background, briefly discuss the repercussions of the corona virus pandemic for the Ghanaian economy and foreign exchange market. Suggest ways of mitigating the effects of covid – 19 on Ghana’s balance of payments (BOP)

MGM Co. had decided to sell a new line of golf clubs. The clubs will sell for $850 per set and have a variable cost of $400 per set. The company has spent $300,000 for a marketing study that determined the company will sell 68,500 sets per year for seven years. The marketing study also determined that the company will lose sales of 12,400 sets of its high-priced clubs. The high-priced clubs sell at $1,200 and have variable costs of $660. The company will also increase sales of its cheap clubs by 14,400 sets. The cheap clubs sell for $420 and have variable costs of $210 per set. The fixed costs each year will be $10,400,000. The company has also spent $2,500,000 on research and development for the new clubs. The plant and equipment required will cost $38,500,000 and will be depreciated on a straight-line basis. The new clubs will also require an increase in net working capital of $2,900,000 that will be returned at the end of the project. The tax rate is 21 percent, and the cost of the capital is 12 percent.

Suppose you feel that the values are accurate to within ±10 percent. What are the best-case and worst-case NPVs? (Hint: The price and variable costs for the two existing sets of clubs are known with certainty; only the sales gained or lost are uncertain.)

MGM Co. has decided to sell a new line of golf clubs. The clubs will sell for $850 per set and have a variable cost of $400 per set. The company has spent $300,000 for a marketing study that determined the company will sell 68,500 sets per year for seven years. The marketing study also determined that the company will lose sales of $12,400 sets of its high-priced clubs. The high-priced clubs sell at $1,200 and have variable costs of $660. The company will also increase sales of its cheap clubs by 14,400 sets. The cheap clubs sell for $420 and have variable costs of $210 per set. The fixed costs each year will be $10,400,000. The company has also spent $2,500,000 on research and development for the new clubs. The plant and equipment required will cost $38,500,000 and will be depreciated on a straight-line basis. The new clubs will also require an increase in net working capital of $2,900,000 that will be returned at the end of the project. The tax rate is 21 percent, and the cost of capital is 12 percent.

Suppose you feel that the values are accurate to within only +/-10 percent. What are the best-case and worst-case NPVs? (Hint: The price and variable costs for the two existing sets of clubs are known with certainty; only the sales gained or lost are uncertain.)

A company is considering two mutually exclusive expansion plans. Plan A requires a $40 million expenditure on a large-scale integrated plant that would provide expected cash flows of $6.39 million per year for 20 years. Plan B requires a $11 million expenditure to build a somewhat less efficient, more labor-intensive plant with an expected cash flow of $2.47 million per year for 20 years. The firm's WACC is 11%.

a. Calculate each project's NPV. Round your answers to two decimal places. Do not round your intermediate calculations. Enter your answers in millions. For example, an answer of $10,550,000 should be entered as 10.55.

Plan A: $   million

Plan B: $   million

Calculate each project's IRR. Round your answer to two decimal places.

Plan A: %

Plan B: %

b. By graphing the NPV profiles for Plan A and Plan B, approximate the crossover rate to the nearest percent.

%

c. Calculate the crossover rate where the two projects' NPVs are equal. Round your answer to two decimal places.

%

d. Why is NPV better than IRR for making capital budgeting decisions that add to shareholder value? The input in the box below will not be graded, but may be reviewed and considered by your instructor.

A company is considering two mutually exclusive expansion plans. Plan A requires a $40 million expenditure on a large-scale integrated plant that would provide expected cash flows of $6.39 million per year for 20 years. Plan B requires a $11 million expenditure to build a somewhat less efficient, more labor-intensive plant with an expected cash flow of $2.47 million per year for 20 years. The firm's WACC is 9%. The data has been collected in the Microsoft Excel Online file below. Open the spreadsheet and perform the required analysis to answer the questions below.

1. Calculate each project's NPV. Round your answers to two decimal places. Do not round your intermediate calculations. Enter your answers in millions. For example, an answer of $10,550,000 should be entered as 10.55.

Plan A:

Plan B:

2. Calculate each project's IRR. Round your answer to two decimal places.

Plan A:

Plan B:

3.By graphing the NPV profiles for Plan A and Plan B, approximate the crossover rate to the nearest percent.

4.Calculate the crossover rate where the two projects' NPVs are equal. Round your answer to two decimal places.