XYZ is a calendar-year corporation that began business on January 1, 2020. For the year, it reported the following information in its current-year audited income statement. Notes with important tax information are provided below. Use Exhibit 16-6.

1. XYZ owns 30 percent of the outstanding Hobble Corp. (HC) stock. Hobble Corp. reported $1,000,000 of income for the year. XYZ accounted for its investment in HC under the equity method, and it recorded its pro rata share of HC’s earnings for the year. HC also distributed a $200,000 dividend to XYZ.
2. Of the $20,000 interest income, $5,000 was from a City of Seattle bond, $7,000 was from a Tacoma City bond, $6,000 was from a fully taxable corporate bond, and the remaining $2,000 was from a money market account.
3. This gain is from equipment that XYZ purchased in February and sold in December (i.e., it does not qualify as §1231 gain).
4. This includes total officer compensation of $2,500,000 (no one officer received more than $1,000,000 compensation).
5. This amount is the portion of incentive stock option compensation that was expensed during the year (recipients are officers).
6. XYZ actually wrote off $27,000 of its accounts receivable as uncollectible.
7. Tax depreciation was $1,900,000.
8. In the current year, XYZ did not make any actual payments on warranties it provided to customers.
9. XYZ made $500,000 of cash contributions to qualified charities during the year.
10. On July 1 of this year XYZ acquired the assets of another business. In the process, it acquired $300,000 of goodwill. At the end of the year, XYZ wrote off $30,000 of the goodwill as impaired.
11. XYZ expensed all of its organizational expenditures for book purposes. XYZ expensed the maximum amount of organizational expenditures allowed for tax purposes.
12. The other expenses do not contain any items with book–tax differences.
13. This is an estimated tax provision (federal tax expense) for the year. Assume that XYZ is not subject to state income taxes.

Estimated tax information:

XYZ made four equal estimated tax payments totaling $360,000 ($90,000 per quarter). For purposes of estimated tax liabilities, assume XYZ was in existence in 2019 and that in 2019 it reported a tax liability of $500,000. During 2020, XYZ determined its taxable income at the end of each of the four quarters as follows:

Finally, assume that XYZ is not a large corporation for purposes of estimated tax calculations. (Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answers to the nearest dollar amount.)

e. Determine the quarters for which XYZ is subject to underpayment of estimated tax penalties. (Round "Annualization Factor" for Fourth quarter to 2 decimal places.)

Greg Maddox Company constructed a building at a cost of $2,200,000 and occupied it beginning in January 2001. It was estimated at that time that its life would be 40 years, with no salvage value. In January 2021, a new roof was installed at a cost of $300,000, and it was estimated then that the building would have a useful life of 25 years from that date. The cost of the old roof was $160,000. Instructions a. What amount of depreciation should have been charged annually from the years 2001 to 2020? (Assume straight-line depreciation.) b. What entry should be made in 2021 to record the replacement of the roof? c. Prepare the entry in January 2021 to record the revision in the estimated life of the building, if necessary. d. What amount of depreciation should be charged for the year 2021?

The Maryland Fisheries Service releases an annual Oyster Population Status Report that includes an oyster biomass index, catch landings data, and mortality rates. During the 2019-2020 season, the researchers obtained an oyster sample from 43 beds out of approximately 1000 oyster beds to assess the health of the stock.

Marine researchers want to be reasonably certain that the true proportion of Chesapeake Bay oysters caught at market size is at least 30 percent, the minimum threshold for qualifying the stock as “restored.” They found that the average proportion of market-size oysters in their sample was 0.39.

a) Calculate a 90 percent confidence interval for the population proportion of market-size oysters in the Chesapeake Bay in the 2019-20 season. Use a picture of the probability distribution in your answer.

b) Calculate a 99 percent confidence interval for the proportion of market-size oysters in the Chesapeake Bay in the 2019-20season. Use a picture of the probability distribution in your answer

c) Put in words what the 99% confidence interval tells us.

d) Conduct a hypothesis test with a significance of α=0.05 to determine if researchers can reasonably classify the Chesapeake Bay oyster stock

McDonald’s Corporation

When most firms were struggling in 2008, McDonald’s increased its revenues from $22.7 billion in 2007 to $23.5 billion in 2008. Headquartered in Oak Brook, Illinois McDonald’s net income nearly doubled during that time from $2.4 billion to $4.3 billion—quite impressive. Fortune magazine in 2009 rated McDonald’s as their 16th “Most Admired Company in the World” in terms of their management and performance.

McDonald’s added 650 new outlets in 2009 when many restaurants struggled to keep their doors open. McDonald’s low prices and expanded menu items have attracted millions of new customers away from sit-down chains and independent eateries. Jim Skinner, CEO of McDonald’s, says, “We do so well because our strategies have been so well planned out.” McDonald’s served about 60 million customers every day in 2009, 2 million more than in 2008. Nearly 80 percent of McDonald’s are run by franchisees (or affiliates).

McDonald’s in 2009 spent $2.1 billion to remodel many of its 32,000 restaurants and build new ones at a more rapid pace than in recent years. This is in stark contrast to most restaurant chains that are struggling to survive, laying off employees, closing restaurants, and reducing expansion plans. McDonald's restaurants are in 120 countries. Going out to eat is one of the first activities that customers cut in tough times. A rising U.S. dollar is another external factor that hurts McDonald’s. An internal weakness of McDonald’s is that the firm now offers upscale coffee drinks like lattes and cappuccinos in over 7,000 locations just as budget conscious consumers are cutting back on such extravagances.

About half of McDonald’s 31,000 locations are outside the United States. But McDonald’s top management team says everything the firm does is for the long term. McDonald’s for several years referred to their strategic plan as “Plan to Win.” This strategy has been to increase sales at existing locations by improving the menu, remodeling dining rooms, extending hours, and adding snacks. The company has avoided deep price cuts on its menu items. McDonald’s was only one of three large U.S. firms that saw its stock price rise in 2008.

The other two firms were Wal-Mart and Family Dollar Stores.

Other strategies being pursued currently by McDonald’s include replacing gasoline-powered cars with energy-efficient cars, lowering advertising rates, halting building new outlets on street corners where nearby development shows signs of weakness, boosting the firm’s coffee business, and improving the drive-through windows to increase sales and efficiency.

McDonald’s receives nearly two thirds of its revenues from outside the United States. The company has 14,000 U.S. outlets and 18,000 outlets outside the United States. McDonald’s feeds 58 million customers every day. The company operates Hamburger University in suburban Chicago. McDonald's reported that first quarter 2009 profits rose 4 percent and same-store sales rose 4.3 percent across the globe. Same-store sales in the second quarter of 2009 were up another 4.8 percent.

Questions:

1.      Which theory of organizational adaptation is applied at McDonald's (Theories to choose from: Institution Theory, Strategic choice perspective, and Organizational Learning Theory) ? Discuss.

2.      Conduct the environmental scanning of McDonald's through SWOT analysis.

3.      Discuss any 2 strategies used at McDonald's ( Strategies to choose from : Corporate strategy, Business Strategy, and Functional Strategy) . Elaborate.

4.      Under which strategic type (according to Miles and Snow) can McDonald’s be classified? Elaborate.

The three directors of Masks R Us Pty Ltd, successfully negotiate a contract worth $150, 000, on behalf of the company, to supply masks to a large retail chain of stores. Tom and Dick then incorporate a new company, Masks Suppliers Pty Ltd, and cause the new company to perform the supply contact.  Harry is unhappy about this development and contacts ASIC.

Advise ASIC of its options under the Corporations Act and the legal consequences of those options.

Other data:

1.  Accrued but unrecorded and uncollected consulting fees earned at December 31 amount to: $27500.

2. The company determined that $16500 of previously unearned consulting fees had been earned at December 31.

3.  Office supplies on hand at December 31 total $330

4.  The company purchased all of its equipment when it first began business. At that time, the estimated useful life of the equipment was six years.

5. The company prepaid its nine-month rent agreement on June 1, 2020.

6. The company prepaid its six-month insurance policy on December 1, 2020

7.  Accrued but unpaid salaries total $13200 at December 31,2020.

8. On September 1, 2020, the company borrowed $66000 by signing an eight-month, 4 percent note payable. The entire amount, plus interest, is due March 31, 2021.

Account                                                                                 Debit                             Credit

Cash                                                                                       304,150

Accounts Receivable                                                             99,000

Office supplies                                                                            880

Prepaid rent.                                                                            3,960

Unexpired insurance                                                              1,650

Office equipment                                                                  79,200

Accumulated depreciation: office equipment                                                          26,400

Accounts payable                                                                                                              4,400

Notes payable (due 3/1/12)                                                                                          66,000

Interest payable                                                                                                                    660

Income taxes payable                                                                                                       9,900

Dividends payable                                                                                                             3,500

Unearned consulting fees                                                                                              24,200

Capital stock                                                                                                                   220,000

Retained earnings                                                                                                           44,000

Dividends                                                                              3,500

Consulting fees earned                                                                                               550,000

Rent expense                                                                        16,170

Insurance expense                                                                 2,420

Office supplies expense                                                        4,950

Depreciation expense: office equipment                        12,100

Salaries expense                                                                363,000

Utilities expense                                                                    5,280

Interest expense                                                                    3,300

Income taxes expense                                                        49,500

Totals                                                                                   949,060                      949,060

1. Using the financial statements prepared in part b., evaluate the company ́s (i) profitability, (ii) liquidity, and (iii) solvency.

The condensed financial statements of Murawski Company for the years 2019 and 2020 are presented follows. (Amounts in thousands.)

Compute the following ratios for 2020 and 2019. (Round current ratio and invertory turnover ratio to 2 decimal places, e.g. 1.62 or 1.62% and all other answers to 1 decimal place, e.g. 1.6 or 1.6%.)

Minden Company manufactures a high-quality wooden birdhouse that sells for $25
per unit. Variable costs are $12 per unit, and fixed costs total $210,000. The
company sold 30,000 birdhouses to customers during 2020. The president of
Minden Company believes the following changes should be made in 2021:

1. the selling price of the birdhouse should be reduced by 20%

2. increase advertising by $33,000

Assume these changes are made. Calculate the number of units Minden Company
must sell in 2021 in order to break-even.

Please, I need the following indicators for Mexico 2020 and Peru 2020, if you can provide numbers from a trustworthy website.

·        Flexibility of Exchange rate: fixed or flexible?

·        Size of Current Account Deficit: large or small?

·        Size of Budget Deficit: large or small?

·        Amount of Foreign Reserves: small or large?

·        Amount of Foreign Debt: large or small?

Political Risk: high or low?