Economics of Poverty - Human Capital

Explain how education can act as a signal for ability. What are separating and pooling equilibria in this context. Explain why a separating equilibrium is required for education to act as a signal for ability. What condition has to hold for a separating equilibrium to exist? Assuming that firms only reward higher education because it acts as a signal for ability, evaluate the social welfare effects of a program that subsidizes the cost of education for people who seem likely to do poorly in the labor market without any intervention (apparently low ability individuals)? (max. 600 words)

40. Titanium, a hapten, is now being used frequently in human joint replacement. In terms of an immune response to titanium, you would expect

     a.   an innate immune response.

     b.   no immune response because titanium is not a large enough, complex molecule.

     c.   an allergic response because titanium is a metal

     d. no immune response because titanium is not part of any microorganisms

     e.   an adaptive immune response because titanium is foreign to the body.

41. Which of the following best characterizes antigens?

     a. Antigens may be proteins, polysaccharides, glycolipids, or glycoproteins that stimulate an immune response.

      b. Antigens come only from foreign microorganisms.

      c. Antigens are proteins called antibodies.

      d. Antigens are immunoglobulins the body produces in response to exposure to foreign

            organisms.

      e.   Both A and C

22.   Mrs. Jones titer shows high level antibodies but she has never had Chagus disease. Mrs. Jones is scared, although she has had no sign of illness, even after being exposed to this contagious disease. She is exhibiting:  

a.         natural acquired active immunity.

b.         natural acquired passive immunity.

c.         an allergic reaction.

d.         innate immunity.

            e.         artificial acquired passive immunity.

18. All of the following are benefits of fever, EXCEPT:

        a.   mobilizes defenses by promoting chemotaxis

        b.   inhibit bacterial growth and reproduction

        c.   catalyses metabolic reactions

        d.    increase metabolic rates

        e.   accelerates tissue repair

Lester Hollar is vice president for human resources for a large manufacturing company. In recent years, he has noticed an increase in absenteeism, which he thinks is related to the general health of the employees. Four years ago, in an attempt to improve the situation, he began a fitness program in which employees exercise during their lunch hour. To evaluate the program, he selected a random sample of eight participants and found the number of days each was absent in the six months before the exercise program began and in the last six months. Below are the results:

At the 0.05 Significance level, can he conclude that the number of absences has declined?

a. State the decision rule for 0.02 significance level: H₀ : μ_d ≤ 0; H₁ : μ_d > 0. (3 Decimal places)

Reject H₀ if t > _________.

b. Compute the value of the test statistic. (3 decimal places)

c. ESTIMATE the P-Value (4 decimal places)

Plotting rotational variables

Continuing on with using the human body as a physics apparatus, it’s time to try an experiment with your leg!  First, find a comfortable place where you can sit and swing your legs freely.  This could be an office chair which you raise to the point where your feet do not touch the ground, a table top (which can support your weight!), picnic table, or any other location where you sit and swing your legs freely from your knees.

Your task is to create a sketch of your foot’s motion as you GENTLY swing your foot from directly under you, to a fully extended position.  Try rocking your foot back and forth a few times and imagine how the foot’s angular displacement, velocity, and acceleration are changing over time.  Imagine that the angular displacement is zero when your foot is resting directly underneath you.

8.  In the space below, make a sketch of angular displacement, , as a function of time as you slowly and steadily bring your foot from beneath you, to the extended position. Appendix A has a nice review of how to sketch a plot of “something” vs. “another thing”.  You may find the drawing functionin Google docs useful in creating the plot. Or you can sketch it out on paper and attach a photograph of the sketch, your preference.

.  In the space below, make a sketch of angular velocity vs. time of your foot as you slowly and steadily bring your foot from directly underneath to straight out from the knee.

10.   In the space below, make a sketch of angular acceleration vs. time of your foot as you slowly and steadily bring your foot from directly beneath you, to straight out.

Question 2 [Budgeting]

A) The human resources manager of your firm is worried about the amount of time and resources consumed by the budget committee annually. She believes the whole process is a waste of time and that departments should be allowed to set their budgets. But you also reckon that a budget is based on the policies needed to fulfil the objectives of the entity i.e. it is a plan consisting of objectives and what to do to achieve the objectives. As an account officer in the finance department, the head of finance has asked you to address the fears of the HR manager in a memo. You are required identify at least four (4) budgetary design issues and discuss the questions that these issues raise together with solutions that may be adopted in practice. Also, analyze the pros and cons of for her proposal. [25 marks]

B) Ashesi University is considering the addition of a new programme - Law. Even though management is content with the profitability projections of the program, the Chief Financial Officer recommends the preparation of cash budget in addition to the financial projections. Explain why the Chief Financial Officer will be insisting on the inclusion of the cash budget. [10 marks]

[Question 2 = 35 marks]

Lester Hollar is vice president for human resources for a large manufacturing company. In recent years, he has noticed an increase in absenteeism, which he thinks is related to the general health of the employees. Four years ago, in an attempt to improve the situation, he began a fitness program in which employees exercise during their lunch hour. To evaluate the program, he selected a random sample of eight participants and found the number of days each was absent in the six months before the exercise program began and in the last six months. Below are the results.

At the .05 significance level, can he conclude that the number of absences has declined? Estimate the p-value.

a. State the decision rule for 0.05 significance level: H₀ : μ_d≤ 0; H₁ : μ_d > 0. (Round the final answer to 3 decimal places.)

Reject H₀ if t >:

b. Compute the value of the test statistic. (Round the final answer to 3 decimal places.)

Value of the test statistic:

c. Estimate the p-value? (Round the final answer to 4 decimal places.)

d. What is your decision regarding H₀?

At the 0.05 significance level,  (select one)  reject / do not reject  H₀

_{please answer without plagirism}

• Scientists believe that the human lifespan is 120. What is the difference between life span and life expectancy? Do you think living to 120 is a realistic expectation? Why or why not?
• "Blue Zones" refer to areas around the world where people live measurably longer lives than others. What have scientists learned from these Blue Zones?
  • What do these centenarians generally have in common?  
  • Do you think you could adopt a similar lifestyle? Why or why not?
• Why do scientists believe that restricting your calorie intake will help you live longer? Would you be willing to use a calorie restricted diet, or an intermittent fasting regimen, if it assured that you would live longer? Why or why not?  
• When it comes to food choices, many older adults have the philosophy of "I am going to die anyway, why not enjoy the foods I want." What are your thoughts on this? Do you share this philosophy?  

20. Some researchers claim that herbal supplements such as ginseng or ginkgo biloba enhance human memory. To test this claim, a researcher selects a sample of n = 28 college students. Each student is given a ginkgo biloba supplement daily for 6 weeks and then all of the participants are given a standardized memory test. Scores on the standardized test are μ = 80 and standard deviation of 15. The sample of 28 students had a mean score of M = 85. (8 points)
    1. Do the data indicate a significant effect of the herb on memory? Use a two-tailed test with α = 0.05. (Show all steps.)
    2. Compute Cohen's d to measure the size of the effect IF it exists.
    3. Write a sentence describing the outcome of the hypothesis test as it would appear in a research report.

You are the lead human–computer interaction (HCI) engineer on a major design project for an organization of your choice. Employees or customers will use this new system and user interface (UI) design to perform data entry for the organization. The UI will need to provide the required input and output to characterize the type of data collected by the organization. Choose an organization, such as a business, nonprofit group, government, or another organization. Provide a description of your chosen organization, including the following: Name of the organization Business type Size of the organization Planned users for the interface Type of data that must be captured The use of the data Part of your job is to elicit and define the UI requirements for this new design. Write a neatly-formatted report that includes the following: Title page Report of 3–5 pages consisting of the following: Introduction to the contents of the report Description of the organization, as detailed above Identification of the following elements that must be included in this UI design for the organization: Fields you expect to see in this UI screen design (e.g., menus, data entry screens, boxes, help, fields, drop-down menus) List of requirements that will ensure that this interface design can easily capture data input in multiple languages Explanation of interface alternatives that will be needed for different language orientations (e.g., different characters for right and left) Effective conclusion.

Lester Hollar is vice president for human resources for a large manufacturing company. In recent years, he has noticed an increase in absenteeism that he thinks is related to the general health of the employees. Four years ago, in an attempt to improve the situation, he began a fitness program in which employees exercise during their lunch hour. To evaluate the program, he selected a random sample of eight participants and found the number of days each was absent in the six months before the exercise program began and in the six months following the exercise program. Below are the results.

  Click here for the Excel Data File

At the 0.025 significance level, can he conclude that the number of absences has declined? Estimate the p-value.

1. State the decision rule for 0.025 significance level. (Round your answer to 3 decimal places.)

2. Compute the test statistic. (Round your answer to 3 decimal places.)