1. Why is it that lethal recessive alleles remain in the human gene pool, rather than just disappearing because of their unfavorable phenotype for homozygous recessives?

2. Scenario: A sudden flood of a large area around the Mississippi River occurs. In some local populations of a species of insects, there is greater buoyancy and survival of some individuals due to having the double recessive genotype of a gene that allowed them to accumulate more lipids to float. A year after the flood, the same and displaced local populations of the insects were reduced in size and all biased in allele frequencies toward greater frequency of the recessive allele compared to the original population’s allelic frequencies. Which of the forces that affect populations seems to have had the strongest effect?

3. Do you think the National Park Service made the correct decision not to permit a genetic rescue of the Isle Royale wolves in 2015, or should new individuals be introduced? Provide reasoning for your answer (as a biologist).

4.

The United Nations' Human Settlements Program forecast that by the year 2020 what percent of the world's population would live in poverty?

7.

The Federal Trade Commission advocates which of the following for business security?

8.

In 2009 the U.S. government announced plans to spend how much to spur the use of digital or electronic patient records, as part of a national effort to reduce medical costs?

Bushy syndrome (BuS), sometimes referred as Amsterdam dwarfism, is a rare human disease caused by a dominant loss-of-function mutation in any one of at least five different genes, all of which encode components or regulators of the cohesin protein complex. People with BuS have a wide range of morphological abnormalities, including growth retardation, mental impairment and sterility. Analysis of BuS patients shows that in addition to chromosomal mis-segregation during cell division, their abnormal phenotype may be likely due to widespread mis-regulation of gene expression during development. Cohesin may play a role in organizing the chromatin loops necessary for proper regulation of transcription. A. (4 points) In different families, BuS can show an autosomal dominant or X-linked dominant inheritance pattern. How is this possible? What is this an example of? B. (4 points) Explain how a loss-of function allele in a gene encoding the cohesin protein could be dominant to the wild-type allele. C. (4 points) BuS is usually caused by new mutation in one parent's genome. Why? D. (3 points) Explain the general function of the cohesin complex in eukaryotic chromosomes. E. (1 Bonus point) What is the role of shugosin?

A researcher is reviewing 26 UAS accidents and wants to prove that human error involving unsafe acts are mainly due to preconditions. Of the accident information two variables were selected to prove the Hypothesis that preconditions for unsafe acts are a greater factor than unsafe supervision. Using the provided data answer the following and show results of each step.

1. Determine normality

2. What statistical Test is most appropriate

3. Determine if the hypothesis is true

4. What test should you use to show validity of hypothesis results

5. Show all results using either mini tab, excel or stat crunch.

Suppose you work in a human resources department and want to see if average job satisfaction differs by Industry (Factor A), Level of Work Experience (Factor B), or an interaction of both Industry and Level of Work Experience (AB). You randomly select 3 workers from each of the 9 combinations of industry and work experience and administer a satisfaction survey. Using the results of the ANOVA below, if you want to test for significant interaction effects on job satisfaction, what is the F-test statistic?

Select one:

1.844

1.496

8.302

12.453

None of the above

Bushy syndrome (BuS), sometimes referred as Amsterdam dwarfism, is a a rare human disease caused by a dominant loss of function mutation in any one of at least five different genes, all of which encode components or regulators of the cohesin protein complex. People with BuS have a wide range of morphological abnormalities, including growth retardation, mental impairment and sterility. Analysis of BuS patients shows that in addition to chromosomal mis-segregation during cell division, their abnormal phenotype may be likely due to widespread Mia-regulation of gene expression during development. Cohesin May play a role in organizing the chromatin loops necessary for proper regulation of transcription.
A) in different families, BuS can show an autosomal dominant or x-linked dominant inheritance pattern. How is this possible? What is this an example of?
B) explain how a loss of function allele in a gene encoding the cohesin protein could be dominant to the wild type allele.
C) BuS is usually caused by new mutation in one parents genome. Why?
D) explain the general function of the cohesin complex in eukaryotic chromosomes.
E) what is the role of shugosin?

An archaeologist measures the concentration of nitrogen (g/100 g of bone) in 41 human skeletons that have been interred for varying numbers of years. He is interested in how nitrogen concentration varies depending on length of interment. The data are available in the file nitro.csv.

If you have access to Jupyter R Notebooks please show work there!

a. Give the equation of the fitted regression line.

b. Create a plot of nitrogen concentration vs. length of interment, including the fitted regression line.

c. Interpret the slope of the fitted regression line in the language of the problem.

d. State the R2 value and its interpretation (in the language of the problem).

e. The archaeologist finds an additional skeleton that was interred for 80 years. What is the best prediction of its nitrogen concentration?

file:

"Intern.Time","Nitrogen"

88.5,3.6
85.2,3.53
71.8,3.7
70.6,3.82
68,3.58
71.6,3.61
70.2,4.01
55.5,3.74
36.5,3.98
36.3,3.86
46.5,3.88
35.9,3.95
45.5,4.11
43,3.77
44.9,3.82
59.5,3.79
58.3,3.74
56.5,3.93
56.3,3.78
43,4.01
42.5,4.17
29,3.82
35.3,4.11
93.6,3.52
90,3.63
88,3.84
84.4,3.69
84,3.55
79.7,3.53
67.4,3.67
64.7,3.74
64.7,3.62
38.3,3.79
59.6,3.82
32,4.02
32.2,4.05
26.5,4.01
34.7,3.76
27.6,3.87
35.7,3.82
49.6,3.65

To keep the calculations fairly simple, but still reasonable, we shall model a human leg that is 92.0 cm long (measured from the hip joint) by assuming that the upper leg and the lower leg (which includes the foot) have equal lengths and that each of them is uniform. For a 70.0 kg person, the mass of the upper leg would be 8.60 kg , while that of the lower leg (including the foot) would be 5.30 kg . Take that x-axis is directed horizontally and the y-axis is directed vertically downward.

A) Find the x-coordinate of the center of mass of this leg, relative to the hip joint, if it is stretched out horizontally.

B) Find the y-coordinate of the center of mass of this leg, relative to the hip joint, if it is stretched out horizontally.

C) Find the x-coordinate of the center of mass of this leg, relative to the hip joint, if it is bent at the knee to form a right angle with the upper leg remaining horizontal.

D) Find the y-coordinate of the center of mass of this leg, relative to the hip joint, if it is bent at the knee to form a right angle with the upper leg remaining horizontal.

Sophie Ball, the Director of Human Resources of your Northern Expeditions company, has advised that the company will be opening an office in Nunavut this year. The office will offer guided northern trips to hunters and adventurers. It expects to mainly employ local guides (40 days over the summer period) but the company will also be periodically bringing in guides from its offices in Alberta, Saskatchewan and Québec. Some of the guides from outside Nunavut may work 10 days, others could work 15 days over the summer depending on the number of bookings; they normally work in their home province for 60 days every year. The average daily rate paid to these guides is $400.

Sophie is asking for information on the Nunavut Payroll Tax. Who pays the tax and how is it calculated? Are there any special considerations or challenges for the calculation of the payroll tax for the guides brought in from Alberta, Saskatchewan and Québec? What are the reporting and remitting requirements during the year? What are the reporting requirements at year-end? Provide examples based on the information provided in the assignment to clarify.