Using online resources, show and describe inflation in the U.S. from 1970 to today. Is inflation currently a problem in the U.S.? What decade experienced the most inflation?

What are the differences between working in United States and Turkey use references in APA.

Describe the differences between working at Starbucks in the U.S and working in Turkey in U.S

People usually think a "strong" dollar is good. Is this true for U.S. businesses, and does it help or hurt the U.S. balance of payments? please explain in 200 words

What about poverty and inequality in the U.S.? What segments of the population are most vulnerable to the effects of inequality? What are the prospects for social mobility in the U.S?
please no handwriting

Summarize in detail the current (≥ 2011) status of U.S. Fisheries. Briefly describe 2 actions that can potentially improve the stocks of U.S. Fisheries. (25 points)

INDPHARMA - U.S. Pharma, U.S. consumers, and Indian Pharma

Please be as detailed as possible:

Do the benefits from trade with the Indian pharmaceutical sector outweigh the losses?

21.     Which of the following statements regarding capacity is correct?

A) Capacity is the maximum output that could be produced per time period
B) The bottleneck station determines the capacity of the system

C)  Capacity can only be measured in manufacturing

            D)  All of the above

            E)  Only (A) and (B) above.

22.       Which of the following most closely describes dependent demand?

A)     Demand generated by suppliers.

B)      Estimates of demand using regression analysis of independent variables.

C)      Demand of components derived from the demand of finished products.

D)     Demand for finished products by external customers.

23. In capacity planning, strategies used to influence the supply of goods or services include:
            A) Sales promotion
            B) Reservations and appointments
            C) Use of overtime
            D) All of the above.

            
24.  Which of the following statements is true?

I.  When periodic review inventory (P) control system is used, the reorder quantity is fixed.
II. When the continuous review inventory (Q) control system is used, the time interval for checking inventory is fixed.

            A) Only Statement I is true                
B)  Only Statement II is true

            C) Both statements are true

            D) Both statements are false

25.  A company’s policy is to meet its quarterly demand requirements by changing production levels to match the projected demand for each period.  

            This aggregate planning strategy is called:
A)  Level strategy                                 
B)  Chase strategy
C)  Mixed strategy

            E). None of the above.

26.  31. Under exponential smoothing, if we want the forecast for the next period to be closer to current period forecast, the value of alpha (a) should be:

A) Large
B) Small
C) Moderate
D) -0
E)  The value of alpha does not matter.

27.  ______ is a system used to coordinate decisions along the supply chain by integrating all organizational functions including operations,

         marketing and sales, accounting, finance and human resource management.

         A) Materials Requirements Planning
         B) Independent Demand Inventory Management
         C) Enterprise Resource Management

         D) Dependent Demand Inventory Management
         D) None of the above.

28.  An inventory management system where the same quantity is ordered whenever the

      reorder point is reached is called:  

            A)  JIT system.

B)  Aggregate production planning system

C)  Continuous review system or Q-system
D)  Kanban system
E)  Periodic review system or P-system

29.  The main purpose of ABC inventory management system is:

A)  to determine the share of low value items in the total inventory.

B) to enable proper inventory control using the 80/20 rule.  

C)  to determine the share of high value items in the total inventory.

            D)  none of the above.

30. Under a level strategy of aggregate planning, variations in demand are met by:
            A) Varying regular production level each period as needed
            B) Accumulating inventory or using existing inventory as needed
             C)  Using overtime
            D) A, B and C above.
            E) Only A and B

31.  Facilities planning and facilities decisions:

A). Are for capacity decisions for the medium-range period.
B) Have no impact on other capacity decisions.
C) Are long-term capacity decisions.
D)  Usually cover one year or less

32.  Subcontracting and hiring are approaches used to influence ____________   in developing aggregate production plans.   

A) demand
B) supply
C) supply chain
D) None of the above.

33. A major difference between scheduling and facilities planning is that:

A) The former (i.e., scheduling) refers to long-range capacity while the latter (facilities planning) refers to short-range capacity.
B) The former is concerned with allocating available resources in contrast to the latter which is concerned with resource acquisition.

C) The former refers to short range and the latter refers to medium range capacity planning.  
D) The former refers to short-range and the latter refers to long range capacity planning.  
E) None of the above.

34. Suppose the cost of adding capacity is very high.  What type of capacity cushion strategy is a company likely to use in this situation?  

A) Small cushion
B)  Large cushion
C) Moderate cushion
D) None of the above

35.  To plan for its production requirements, Company A uses level strategy and Company B uses Chase strategy. Which of the following is likely to be true in Company B compared to Company A?

A)  Employee turnover will be lower in Company B.
B) Employee hiring and firing costs will be higher in Company B.
C)  Production quantity for each period will be constant in Company B.
D)  All of the above are true.
E)  Both (B) and (C) are true.  

36. Dependent demand inventory consists of:
           A) Inventory whose demand is derived from independent demand items
           B) Inventory that is independent of any known rules of demand and supply
           C) Inventory whose demand is determined by the marketplace

    D) Inventory demanded by end users of a firm’s finished products

37.  Which of the following statements is true about independent demand control system?

            I.  When periodic review inventory control system is used, the reorder quantity is fixed.

            II. When the continuous review inventory control system is used, the time interval for checking inventory is fixed.

            A. Only Statement I is true        C. Both statements are true
B. Only Statement II is true       D. Both statements are false

38. Materials handling, transportation, and warehousing decisions fall under:

A. Purchasing management
B. Logistics management
C. Demand chain management
D. QFD
E. None of the above

39.  Suppose we are using cash-to-cash cycle time to evaluate the supply chain performance of two companies, A and B.  Suppose the cash-to-cash cycle time for A is 32 days and the cash-to-cash cycle time for B is 24 days.  Which company is performing better based on cash-to-cash cycle time measure?

A.  Company A
B.  Company B
C.  Both are underperforming
D.  Cannot be determined.

40. A company used to purchase a particular component that it needs for the final assembly of its product from a supplier.  It has now started producing the component in its own facilities.  This is an example of:

1. Forward vertical integration.
2. Outsourcing

C. Backward vertical integration

4. Increasing organizational flexibility.
5. None of the above

41.  In using the exponential method to forecast demand, the value of alpha (a) can be any of the following EXCEPT ____.

1.    0.2                                   D.   0

B.     0.5                                   E.  -0.2                         

            C.     1.0
  

42.  An Operations Analyst for Toledo Inc. uses cash-to-cash cycle method to track how quickly it collects its accounts receivable from its customers compared to the time the company takes to pay its suppliers.  Suppose customers take 25 days on average to pay their outstanding bills to Toledo.  Also suppose Toledo Inc. takes 80 days on average to pay its suppliers.  Further, suppose the company carries 40 days of inventory on average.  What is the company’s average cash-to-cash cycle time?

A) 65
B) 145

C)  -105

D) -15

D)  None of the above

Federal Reserve Vice Chairman Donald Kohn's question-and-answer session at a conference here was going as countless others have in his years as a top policy maker. Until Paul Volcker raised his hand. Then, the former Fed chairman grilled Mr. Kohn over the Fed's effort to convey that it considers a 2% inflation rate to be appropriate for the U.S. economy in the long term. Mr. Volcker, who led the Fed in conquering double-digit inflation in the 1980s, questioned how the Fed can talk about both 2% inflation and price stability. "I don't get it," Mr. Volcker said, leading to a lively back-and-forth between the two central-bank heavyweights at a conference on Saturday at Vanderbilt University. By setting 2% as an inflation objective, the Fed is "telling people in a generation they're going to be losing half their purchasing power," Mr. Volcker said. Mr. Kohn, who worked as a staffer to Mr. Volcker in the 1980s, replied that aiming at 2% inflation gives the Fed "a little more room...to react to an adverse shock to the economy" because it is easier to get its key short-term interest rate below the inflation rate, the usual remedy for recession. "Your problem is [2%] becomes three becomes four," Mr. Kohn told Mr. Volcker. But other central banks with a roughly 2% target haven't had that problem, he said.Fed officials, Mr. Kohn added, "need to be clear about why we're choosing the number we're choosing." He also said that while he doesn't think deflation is much of a risk, "I can't say the risk is zero," and the Fed must be mindful of the possibility that inflation expectations fall to the point that real interest rates rise. Messrs. Kohn and Volcker fought to a rhetorical draw, each conceding that he wasn't going to persuade the other. The two men spoke at a conference honoring former Fed Governor J. Dewey Daane. Fed Chairman Ben Bernanke, in a speech earlier this month, noted that "most members" of the Fed's policy committee "have indicated that they would like to see an annual inflation rate of about 2% in the longer term." "Right now," Mr. Bernanke said, "because of weakness in economic conditions...inflation has been running less than that, and our best forecast is that inflation will remain quite low for some time." By being explicit about its inflation target, the Fed hopes to assure consumers, businesses and investors that it will prevent both deflation,or falling prices, and rising inflation.”

a) Explain what inflation targeting is.

b) Mention the case of other central banks that have adopted inflation targeting.

c) Which advantages and disadvantages would you expect the Fed might gain from adoption of inflation targeting?

1) Papaya Inc. has 100,000 common shares outstanding and has a policy of paying a $1.30 annual dividend for each of these shares. Papaya has an income tax rate of 35%, and its retained earnings statement for 2020 reported a closing balance of $1,452,000. Assuming an opening retained earnings balance of zero, dividend payments according to its usual policy, and no other adjustments, Papaya's 2020 net income was

$1,582,000.

$1,452,000.

$2,364,846.

$1,536,500.

2) For Pear Limited, events and transactions during 2018-2020 included the following. The tax rate for all items is 30%.

1. Depreciation for 2019 was found to be understated by $30,000.
2. A 2020 strike by the employees of a supplier resulted in a loss of $20,000.
3. The inventory at December 31, 2018 was overstated by $40,000.
4. A 2020 flood destroyed a building that had a book value of $400,000. Floods are very uncommon in that area.

The effect of these events and transactions on the balance of retained earnings at January 1, 2020 would be

$21,000.

$294,000.

$14,000.

$343,000.

3)

eg Inc. incurred the following infrequent losses during 2020:

A $135,000 write down of equipment leased to others (net of tax)
A $60,000 adjustment of accruals on long-term contracts (net of tax)
A $90,000 write off of obsolete inventory (net of tax)

Of those losses, what amount should be included in Meg’s 2020 income from continuing operations?

$285,000

$150,000

$195,000

$225,000

4)

On January 1, 2020, Reggae Ltd. sold land that cost $180,000 for $240,000, receiving a note bearing interest at 10 percent. The note will be paid in three annual instalments of $96,510 starting December 31, 2020. Assuming that collection of the note is very uncertain, how much revenue from this sale should Reggae recognize in 2020?

$96,510

$0

$18,000

$24,000

Bonzo’s Boards makes reasonably high-end skateboards which sell for $400 each.   The production process is fairly simple and involves assembling components purchased from various suppliers.  Since each skateboard only takes one hour to assemble, there is essentially no work-in-process inventory.  

Bonzo’s Boards has the capacity to make 2,000 skateboards per year.

Costs for the skateboard components are:

Each board should take one hour of direct labor to assemble.  Direct labor wages are $55 per hour.

Other manufacturing costs on a monthly basis are:

Inventory balances are as follows (Bonzo’s uses FIFO inventory cost flow assumption):

During 2020 (the entire year) Bonzo’s Boards expects to sell 500 skateboards.  

• What is the budgeted cost of Skateboards manufactured for 2020?

• What is the budgeted cost of Decks purchased for 2020?

• What is the budgeted cost of Hardware Packages purchased for 2020?

• What is budgeted dollar value of ending Finished Skateboard inventory?

• What is the budgeted dollar value of ending Deck inventory?

• What is the budgeted dollar value of ending Hardware Package inventory?

• How much income does Bonzo’s Boards expect to make if they sell 500 skateboards in 2020 and have budgeted Selling & Administrative expenses of $20,000 (assume no income taxes)?