Fitt's Law. A robust and highly adopted model of human movement is Fitt's Law. According to Fitt's Law, the time T required to move and select a target of width W that lies at a distance (or amplitude) A is

T = a + b log₂(2A/W)

where a and b are constants estimated using simple linear regression. The quantity log₂(2A/W) is termed the Index of Difficulty (ID) and represents the independent variable (measured in "bits") in the model. Research reported in the Special Interest Group on Computer-Human Interaction Bulletin (July 1993) used Fitt's Law to model the time (in milliseconds) required to perform a certain task on a computer. Based on data collected for n=160 trials (using different values of A and W), the following least-squares prediction was obtained:

T_hat = 175.4 + 133.2(ID)

a. Interpret the estimates, 175.4 and 133.2.

b. The coefficient of correlation for the analysis is r = .951. Interpret this value.

c. Conduct a test to determine whether the Fitt's Law model is statistically adequate for predicting performance time. Use alpha = .05. (SPECIFICALLY, I WOULD LIKE AN EXPLANATION OF WHAT TO DO WHEN THE CRITICAL VALUE FOR THE STUDENT'S T IS NOT GIVEN IN THE TABLE WHEN THE DEGREES OF FREEDOM (FOR THIS PROBLEM)=n-2=160-2=158. THE t-DISTRIBUTION TABLE STOPS AT 120 FOR DEGREES OF FREEDOM.)

d. Calculate the coefficient of determination, r². Interpret the result.

Fitt's Law. A robust and highly adopted model of human movement is Fitt's Law. According to Fitt's Law, the time T required to move and select a target of width W that lies at a distance (or amplitude) A is

T = a + b log₂(2A/W)

where a and b are constants estimated using simple linear regression. The quantity log₂(2A/W) is termed the Index of Difficulty (ID) and represents the independent variable (measured in "bits") in the model. Research reported in the Special Interest Group on Computer-Human Interaction Bulletin (July 1993) used Fitt's Law to model the time (in milliseconds) required to perform a certain task on a computer. Based on data collected for n=160 trials (using different values of A and W), the following least-squares prediction was obtained:

T_hat = 175.4 + 133.2(ID)

a. Interpret the estimates, 175.4 and 133.2.

b. The coefficient of correlation for the analysis is r = .951. Interpret this value.

c. Conduct a test to determine whether the Fitt's Law model is statistically adequate for predicting performance time. Use alpha = .05. (SPECIFICALLY, I WOULD LIKE AN EXPLANATION OF WHAT TO DO WHEN THE CRITICAL VALUE FOR THE STUDENT'S T IS NOT GIVEN IN THE TABLE WHEN THE DEGREES OF FREEDOM (FOR THIS PROBLEM)=n-2=160-2=158. THE t-DISTRIBUTION TABLE STOPS AT 120 FOR DEGREES OF FREEDOM.)

d. Calculate the coefficient of determination, r². Interpret the result.

1. The “silencing” of certain human genes by DNA methylation during gametogenesis (male or female) results in a phenomenon known as:

a.   sex linkage.

b.   the Barr phenomenon.

c.   sex limitation.

d.   genetic/genomic imprinting.

e.   linkage.

2. Continuous (quantitative) variation in the expressed phenotype of a character most often indicates/suggest that a ____ pattern of inheritance is involved.
   1. pleiotropic (pleiotrophy)
   2. polygenic
   3. co-dominant
   4. incompletely dominant
   5. epistatic (epistasis)

3. Aneuploid cells are almost always created as a result of:

1. unequal crossing over.
2. translocations.
3. Nondisjunction during mitosis or meiosis.
4. DNA replication without cell division.
5. chromosomal deletion.

4. Signal molecules involved in localized communication in plants often move from cell to cell by:
   1. passing through membrane-associated receptors.
   2. gap junctions.
   3. plasmodesmata
   4. highly specific ion channels.
   5. stomata.

5. The first map showing the order and relative distances of separation for genes/loci all found on the same chromosome was produced by:

a.   Mendel.

b.   Thomas Morgan.

c.   Emil Krebs.

d.   Walther Flemming.

e.   Alfred Sturtevant.

6. The molecular motor that powers the chromosome/chromatid down the spindle fiber is found in the:
   1. centromere.
   2. centrosome.
   3. telomere.
   4. kinetochore.
   5. aster.

Over the past year, the vice president for human resources at a large medical center has run a series of three-month workshops aimed at increasing worker motivation and performance. To check the effectiveness of the workshops, she selected a random sample of 35 employees from the personnel files. She collected the employee performance ratings recorded before and after workshop attendance and stored the paired ratings on sheet Ratings.

Compute descriptive statistics and perform a paired ttest.

State your findings and conclusions in a report to the vice president for human resources.

Thank you!

2. A psychologist studying the human factors of computer keyboards set up an experiment to compare two different keyboard designs. He measures the number of words per minute typed by one randomly selected group on Keyboard A and then he measures the number of words typed per minute by another randomly selected group of people on Keyboard B. Use the data below to determine if the typing speeds on the two different keyboards are significantly different.

A. What type of analysis will be appropriate for this data? Why? (2 points)

B. Calculate the summary statistics and check assumptions. (4 points)








C. Perform the appropriate hypothesis test showing all steps. (10 points)








D. Verify your conclusion in part C by building a 95% confidence interval for the difference of the means. (4 points)

The human resources department needs to forecast the number of sexual harassement investigations for the entire company. The data for several months is supplied below. Be careful since the data is listed beginning with the most recent. The forecasting method to be used here is the 4 month weighted moving average adjusting for seasonality where the weights, starting with the most recent time period, are 0.4, 0.3, 0.2, 0.1. Again, you must find the seasonality factors for the data. Please round your forecast to the nearest whole number.

Talk to me ~ Fear of public speaking is a common experience across many human cultures. To help people overcome this fear, researchers developed an internet-based telepsychology program for the treatment of this common social phobia. They recruit 44 people who meet a particular social phobia criterion to participate in a study and randomly assign them to either participate in the telepsychology program or to an in-person program with a therapist. At the end of the program, participants are evaluated and are considered "improved" if they no longer meet the social phobia criterion. Results from one iteration of the study are shown in the table below.

Round all numeric answers to four decimal places.

1. Calculate the observed difference in the proportion of participants in the telepsychology program and the in-person program that showed improvement, p^1−p^2p^1−p^2

2. Researchers want to determine if there is a difference in results between the two programs, that is, is the telepsychology program better than the in-person program or vice versa? Or, are the two programs roughly the same? Choose the null and alternative hypotheses that are appropriate to test this research question.
A.
H0H0: There is no difference in the two treatment programs. The observed difference in p^1−p^2p^1−p^2 is due to chance.
HAHA: There is a difference in the two treatment programs. The observed difference in p^1−p^2p^1−p^2 is not due to chance.
B.
H0H0: There is no difference in the two treatment programs. The observed difference in p^1−p^2p^1−p^2 is not due to chance.
HAHA: There is a difference in the two treatment programs. The observed difference in p^1−p^2p^1−p^2 is due to chance.
C.
H0H0: There is a difference in the two treatment programs. The observed difference in p^1−p^2p^1−p^2 is not due to chance.
HAHA: There is no difference in the two treatment programs. The observed difference in p^1−p^2p^1−p^2 is due to chance.
D.
H0H0: There is a difference in the two treatment programs. The observed difference in p^1−p^2p^1−p^2 is due to chance.
HAHA: There is no difference in the two treatment programs. The observed difference in p^1−p^2p^1−p^2 is not due to chance.

3. The paragraph below describes the set up for a randomization technique, if we were to do it without using statistical software. Select an answer by choosing an option from the pull down list or by filling in an answer in each blank in the paragraph below:

To setup a simulation for this situation, we let each person be represented with a card. We write Telepsychology on __________ cards and In-person on ________ cards. Then, we shuffle these cards and split them into two groups: one group of size _________ representing those who improved, and another group of size ________representing those who did not improve. We calculate the difference in the proportion of participants in the telepsychology program and the in-person program, p^1,sim−p^2,simp^1,sim−p^2,sim. We repeat this many times to build a distribution centered at the expected difference of ___________ .
Lastly, we calculate the fraction of simulations where the simulated differences in proportions are (lessthan/greater/beyond) ? less than greater than beyond  the observed difference.

piercings and tattoos. A Harris Interactive survey of 514 human resources professionals showed that 46% of them say that piercings or tattoos are big grooming red flags. The margin of error for the survey was 4 percentage points.

A. Based on the given information, state what you think was the goal of the study. Identify a possible population and the population parameter of interest.

B. Briefly describe the sample, raw data, and sample statistic for the study.

C. Based on the sample statistic and the margin of error, identify the range of values (confidence interval) likely to contain the population parameter of interest.

Assume that due to some human resources problems, Frostburg Wires has to reduce the capacity of one of its four working stations by 1500 hours. Which working station can Frostburg Wires choose in order to minimize the impact of this change on its profit? USE EXCEL SOLVER

HERE IS ORGINIAL SCENARIO:

Outline the various approaches for the allocation of scarce human organs for transplantation. Which one do you believe is the most fair? Use factual evidence and/or research to defend your choice.

Do you believe that people should be compensated for offering their organs for transplantation? Should the families of deceased donors be entitled to compensation, or only living donors? What kind of incentives could be offered to encourage people to donate their organs in lieu of cash?

Outline the opposing viewpoints related to human stem cell research. Discuss your own personal views related to stem cell research, using factual evidence and/or research to defend your position.

What would you do if you knew that a patient suffering from cancer was part of a control group of research patients who were not receiving a drug that could benefit them? Use factual evidence and/or research to defend your position.

Conduct a search of whistleblowing cases in the healthcare field. Choose one of the cases and summarize the facts and the outcome. Do you feel that the person who reported the wrongdoing (the whistleblower) was justified in doing so? Why or why not? Do you agree with the outcome of the case? Why or why not? Use facts and legal support for your position.