Smoking remains more common in much of Europe than in the United States. In the United States, there is a strong relationship between education and smoking: well-educated people are less likely to smoke. Does a similar relationship hold in France? Here is a two-way table of the level of education and smoking status (nonsmoker, former smoker, moderate smoker, heavy smoker) of a sample of 467 French men aged 20 to 60 years. The subjects are a random sample of men who visited a health center for a routine checkup. We are willing to consider them an SRS of men from their region of France.

The null hypothesis states that there is no relationship between these variables. That is, the distribution of smoking is the same for all three levels of education.

(a) Find the expected counts for each smoking status among men with a university education. This is one row of the two-way table of expected counts. Find the row total and verify that it agrees with the row total for the observed counts.

Use two decimals for the expected counts and a whole number for the total.

1. The following table gives the families with a combined income compared to each level of educational attainment (Source: US Department of Commerce, Census Bureau, Current Population)

1. What is the probability that a randomly selected family has an income of $150,000 or more?
2. What is the probability that a randomly selected family achieved a Bachelors degree?
3. What is the probability that a randomly selected family has Some College education and have an income of $50K-$99,999?
4. What is the probability that a randomly selected family achieved a Masters degree or a PhD?
5. What is the probability that a randomly selected family makes $100K- $149,999 given the family achieved a Bachelors degree?
6. What is the probability that a randomly selected family making $200K or more has a high school or less education?
7. Are the events "Bachelors" degree and "Under 20K" income Independent? Answer Yes or No and back up your answer with one of the independence equations.

During the 2007-2008 school year, approximately p = 0.64 of principals in Florida public schools were female. In a 2008-2009 school year survey, x = 231 of n = 328 randomly selected principals (estimated N = 2,121,000) in Florida public schools were female or ?̂ = 0.704. Conduct the appropriate hypothesis test to determine if there is sufficient evidence to conclude that the proportion of female principals in Florida public schools has changed. Use α = 0.05
a. Step 1: Verify the assumptions for the Distribution of the Sample Proportion ?̂ (3 pts)
• Sample is random
• Distribution is normally distributed, if n?0(1- ?0) ≥ 10
• n ≤ 0.05 of N
b. Step 2: State the null and alternative hypotheses (1 pt.):
c. Step 3: Determine the level of significance, α (1 pt.):
d. Step 4a: Calculate the test statistic (2 pts):
?0= ? ̂ − ?0√?0(1−?0)?
e. Step 4b: Determine the p-value of the test statistic (1 pt.):
f. Step 5: Compare the p-value of the test statistic to the alpha level, and decide whether to reject or retain Ho (1 pt.):
g. Step 6: State the conclusion of the hypothesis test in a full sentence (1 pt.):

A paper investigated the driving behavior of teenagers by observing their vehicles as they left a high school parking lot and then again at a site approximately

mile from the school. Assume that it is reasonable to regard the teen drivers in this study as representative of the population of teen drivers.

(a) Use a .01 level of significance for any hypothesis tests. Data consistent with summary quantities appearing in the paper are given in the table. The measurements represent the difference between the observed vehicle speed and the posted speed limit (in miles per hour) for a sample of male teenage drivers and a sample of female teenage drivers. (Use μ_males − μ_females. Round your test statistic to two decimal places. Round your degrees of freedom down to the nearest whole number. Round your p-value to three decimal places.)

(b) Do these data provide convincing support for the claim that, on average, male teenage drivers exceed the speed limit by more than do female teenage drivers?

YesNo    

A paper investigated the driving behavior of teenagers by observing their vehicles as they left a high school parking lot and then again at a site approximately

mile from the school. Assume that it is reasonable to regard the teen drivers in this study as representative of the population of teen drivers.

(a) Use a .01 level of significance for any hypothesis tests. Data consistent with summary quantities appearing in the paper are given in the table. The measurements represent the difference between the observed vehicle speed and the posted speed limit (in miles per hour) for a sample of male teenage drivers and a sample of female teenage drivers. (Use μ_males − μ_females. Round your test statistic to two decimal places. Round your degrees of freedom down to the nearest whole number. Round your p-value to three decimal places.)

(b) Do these data provide convincing support for the claim that, on average, male teenage drivers exceed the speed limit by more than do female teenage drivers?

YesNo    

A common practice for government entities, particularly schools, is to issue short-term (promissory) notes to cover daily expenditures until revenues are received from tax collection, lottery funds, and other sources. School boards approve the note issuances, with repayments of principal and interest typically met within a few months.

The goal is to fully cover all expenses until revenues are distributed from the state. However, revenues distributed fluctuate due to changes in collection expectations, and schools may not be able to cover their expenditures in the current period. This leads to a dilemma—whether or not to issue more short-term notes to cover the deficit.

Short-term debt may be preferred over long-term debt when the entity does not want to devote resources to pay interest over an extended period of time. In many cases, the interest rate is lower than long-term debt, because the loan is considered less risky with the shorter payback period. This shorter payback period is also beneficial with amortization expenses; short-term debt typically does not amortize, unlike long-term debt.

What would you do if you found your school in this situation? Would you issue more debt? Are there alternatives? What are some positives and negatives to the promissory note practice?

1) Which of the following are arguments for why the coronavirus is unlikely to have a significant long-run negative impact on economic growth?

In the long run output is determined by technology, labor, capital, human capital, and natural resources.

Even America’s worst economic downturn (the Great Depression) did not have a significant long-run negative impact on economic growth.

Both A and B are incorrect.

Both A and B are correct.

2) The coronavirus will likely have the smallest unemployment effects on which segment of the labor force?

Workers with less than a high school degree.

Workers with only a high school degree. Workers with a bachelor’s degree or higher.

Across all education levels, there will likely be equal unemployment effects.

The coronavirus shock can be modeled as a ___________ and a ___________.

decrease in aggregate demand; decrease in short-run aggregate supply

decrease in aggregate demand; increase in short-run aggregate supply

increase in aggregate demand; decrease in short-run aggregate supply

increase in aggregate demand; increase in short-run aggregate supply

4)  With the 1957-58 recession __________.

there was the largest decline in real GDP in post WWII history

unemployment was more severe than during the Great Depression

policymakers did nothing to aid an economic recovery

all of the above are correct

A paper investigated the driving behavior of teenagers by observing their vehicles as they left a high school parking lot and then again at a site approximately

mile from the school. Assume that it is reasonable to regard the teen drivers in this study as representative of the population of teen drivers.

(a) Use a .01 level of significance for any hypothesis tests. Data consistent with summary quantities appearing in the paper are given in the table. The measurements represent the difference between the observed vehicle speed and the posted speed limit (in miles per hour) for a sample of male teenage drivers and a sample of female teenage drivers. (Use μ_males − μ_females. Round your test statistic to two decimal places. Round your degrees of freedom down to the nearest whole number. Round your p-value to three decimal places.)

(b) Do these data provide convincing support for the claim that, on average, male teenage drivers exceed the speed limit by more than do female teenage drivers?

Yes

No    

Debbie's Dance Studio is an incorporated business run by Debbie Star. During its first month of operations, the following transactions occurred:

1. Debbie starts the business by investing cash of $7,000 and $1,400 in supplies in exchange for $8,400 in company shares.

2. Debbie's Dance Studio reached an agreement with the local school to provide dance lessons for $1,400 a month, starting next month.

3. Debbie's Dance Studio purchased audio equipment for $2,200, on account.

4. Debbie's Dance Studio billed customers $2,000 for dance lessons, with 80% received in cash and the rest charged on account .

5. Debbie's Dance Studio received a $5,000 loan from her aunt

6. Debbie's Dance Studio paid $300 cash for supplies.

7. Debbie's Dance Studio collected the amount owing from customers billed in #4.

8. Debbie's Dance Studio paid $1,000 cash to pay down the amount owing from #3.

9. Debbie's Dance Studio received $1,400 advance payment from the local school, for dance lessons to be given next month.

10. Debbie's Dance Studio paid $1600 cash to rent studio space for the current and subsequent months.

Using the table provided here, show how each transaction affects the accounting equation.