Write a double-spaced essay of at least 500 words on the topics listed below. Your responses should be supported by the textbook and at least 2 other references and demonstrate an understanding of the information contained in this lesson.

Your paper should be structured into a clear introduction, body, and conclusion.

List your references at the end of the paper in standard format and use In-text citations.

1. Provide a definition of sociology and compare and contrast it with other social science fields. (2 points)
2. Explain how sociologists approach the study of human behavior and differentiate this from how someone within one of the other social science fields would approach it. (2 points)
3. Identify 2 theorists who contributed to the development of sociology in the nineteenth century. Describe the major ideas or contributions of each. (4 points)
4. Select one modern theory and describe how it can apply to a current phenomenon or issue. (3 points)
5. Connect your chosen theory to real world social issues within the United States today. (4 points)

Suppose the following data are selected randomly from a population of normally distributed values.

Construct a 95% confidence interval to estimate the population mean.

Appendix A Statistical Tables

(Round the intermediate values to 2 decimal places. Round your answers to 2 decimal places.)

≤ μ ≤

(a) Over the past decade, some of Japanese savings has been used to purchase large amounts of U.S. financial assets (typically U.S. government bonds). Suppose Japan suddenly stopped purchasing U.S. financial assets. Graphically illustrate the effect of Japan’s reduction in purchases of U.S. financial assets using the Open Economy model developed in the Ch 6 appendix. (Hint: In your model you will need to draw three diagrams). Clearly label the axes and curves in each of your graphs in the model. Clearly indicate the direction of any shifting curves. In your model, label the initial equilibrium points as Point A and label the new equilibrium points as Point B. Using your model drawn in Part (a), indicate what effect the reduction in Japanese investment in U.S. financial assets will have on the following economic variables in the United States: (i) real interest rate, (ii) domestic investment, (iii) net capital outflow, (iv) real exchange rate, (v) net exports.  

A student at a four-year college claims that average enrollment at four-year colleges is higher than at two-year colleges in the United States. Two surveys are conducted. Of the 35 two-year colleges surveyed, the average enrollment was 5061 with a standard deviation of 4775. Of the 35 four-year colleges surveyed, the average enrollment was 5216 with a standard deviation of 8101. Conduct a hypothesis test at the 5% level.

NOTE: If you are using a Student's t-distribution for the problem, including for paired data, you may assume that the underlying population is normally distributed. (In general, you must first prove that assumption, though.)

1) State the distribution to use for the test. (Enter your answer in the form z or t_df where df is the degrees of freedom. Round your answer to two decimal places.)

2) What is the test statistic? (T or Z) & (Round your answer to two decimal places.)

3) What is the p-value? (Round your answer to four decimal places.)

4) Alpha: α =

A.        Price discrimination is one way firms who have monopoly power can attempt to build their profits even further. Briefly discuss two or three examples of price discrimination that were discussed in class and identify how firms' ability to separate consumers into two or more groups is critical in their efforts to build profits.

B.        In the Beer Game, we experienced the impact of long supply chains and hidden information on logistics costs and customer service. Explain how modern firms can modify their production and distribution processes to minimize the bullwhip effect caused by uncertain customer demand and supply chain communications. Identify some of the adverse financial consequences of failing to control inventories and backorders.

C.        One of the most controversial subjects in the Freakonomics books is the connection Levitt & Donohue drew between abortion policy and violent crime. Please describe how the authors contrast the experiences of Romania and the United States and tell why they believe these different histories help support their claims.

Aggregate expenditure equals:

A) Consumption + Investment + Government purchases + Transfers

B) Consumption + Investment + Government purchases + Net exports

C) Consumption + Investment + Federal government purchases + Exports

D) Consumption + Government purchases – Net exports

As the real interest rate rises:

I. consumption rises.

II. net exports fall.

III. investment rises.

A) II only

B) I only

C) I and III

D) III only

When the real interest rate rises in the United States, there is a(n) ________, which

causes the dollar to ________ and aggregate expenditure ________.

A) increase in net capital outflows; appreciate; to fall

B) decline in net capital outflows; depreciate; to rise

C) decline in net capital outflows; appreciate; to fall

D) decline in new capital investments; depreciate; to fall

The aggregate expenditure curve is the ________ relationship between ________ and

________.

A) positive; inflation; the output gap

B) negative; the real interest rate; output

C) negative; the unemployment rate; inflation

D) negative; the unemployment rate; the output gap

Suppose you run a regression containing observations for each of the 74 kinds of cars released in 1978 in the United States, and you regress price (in dollars) on weight (in pounds). You get the following results:
ˆ β0 is -6.71, with SE 1174.4. ˆ β1 (slope coefficient on weight) is 2.04 with SE .377.
• (a) Say, in words, what the slope coefficient means in this case, without taking a stand on causality.

• (b) Suppose I give you the following information: the sum of squares total is roughly equal to 635 million, and the sum of squares explained is equal to 185 million. Please report the R2 and the correlation coefficient between price and weight.

• (c) Use your regression model to predict what the price would be for a car that weighs 3000 pounds.

• (d) Use the SER to add uncertainty and make this prediction an interval. • (5 points) Build a 95% confidence interval for the slope coefficient and report the p-value for comparing it to 0. Interpret your results.

Problem 3: VSL

a) Describe VSL (i.e., “Value of a Statistical Life”) in terms that a non-economist can understand, taking care to “de-stigmatize” this economic concept (i.e., explain why it should not be considered as controversial as it is often portrayed).

b) Lavetti (2012) studies the wage-risk tradeoff for one of the riskiest professions in the United States: crab fishing in Alaska. The riskiness of crab fishing is driven mainly by the season and weather conditions. Lavetti collects data on the weather conditions of specific fishing trips, and the wages paid to the crew. He then runs a regression of the wage on the expected fatality rate for each trip and finds that an increase in one fatality per 1000 full time workers per year increases the mean hourly wage by $2.10. Calculate the VSL implied by this estimate, assuming that the number of hours a full-time worker works in a year is 2000.

c) Does this number seem high or low to you? Briefly discuss why this might be the case.

You are a nurse preparing to receive a new patient, fresh from surgery, to your unit. The patient is a 71-year-old man who underwent a surgical repair of a fractured femur. As you receive a report from the postanesthesia recovery unit, you learn that his medical history includes hypertension, 40 pack-years of smoking, and COPD. His surgical repair was successful but complicated by excessive bleeding, and he is receiving IV fluids to compensate. He is widowed, and his three children are scattered throughout the United States. He lives alone, receives Meals on Wheels, and pays a cleaning service to keep his home clean.

What general outcomes would you expect to establish from this information?

List potential plan of care revisions available to nurses.

To effect performance improvement in nursing, what steps are necessary in the process?

Health care facilities and organizations implement programs to promote excellence in nursing that are called quality-assurance programs. How do these programs work?

Europe’s response to the economic turmoil brought about by the global coronavirus shutdown is rekindling debate about the European Union’s financial unity. The euro has dropped 3.5% this year to $1.08, near its lowest level against the U.S. dollar since May 2017. The currency could lose another 5% by year-end, according to forecasts from Bank of America. That marks a sharp turnaround for a currency that posted its calmest year on record in 2019, when it slid 1.8%. The eurozone is headed for the deepest recession in its history, with the economy expected to contract 7.7% this year, the European Commission forecast on Wednesday. Any recovery is expected to be slow, halting and uneven, and is likely to lag that of the U.S. economy. Capital Economics, for instance, has forecast that the eurozone might not get back to pre-crisis levels until after 2022. Wall Street journal – May 14, 2020).

What are some of the major reasons for Euro to fall against dollar? Who appears be the winner of currency war United States or Europe?