i)What test would you do to find out if Drug A is effective?

a)when data follows normal distribution

b)when data does not follow normal distribution, provide two methods to find out if the drug Is effective; how is one advantageous over the other method?

In Texas Hold’em, each player is dealt two cards from the deck. Obviously, this is done without replacement, so you cannot use the binomial distribution. You can use the hypergeometric distribution or reason from first principles.

a) What is the probability of being dealt a pair? Express it as an exact fraction and an approximate percentage.

b) If you are dealt two unpaired cards, say the ace of clubs and the 8 of diamonds, what is the chance of getting a pair or better on the flop? The flop is three cards dealt all at once, and we want to know the chance that the flop will contain at least one ace or at least one 8.

7

7. The following 12 data pairs relate variable x_i, the amount of fertilizer, to variable Y_i, the amount of wheat harvested:             

                    x: 30 30 30 50 50 50 70 70 70 90 90 90

                    Y: 9 11 14 12 14 23 19 22 31 29 33 35                                                        

such that :

∑x = 720   ∑y = 252 ,   ∑ xy =17240,    ∑x² =49200,      ∑y² = 6228

a) Find equation of linear regression line: Y = A + BX. b) 95% 2 sided confidence interval for B. c) Is there regression on input variable? d) Find 2-sided 99% prediction interval for response if x₀ = 40. e) Calculate R², explain its meaning. [5+5+5+5+5 = 25]

In packet switched network, store and forward refers to

Which of the following HTTP methods allows a user to upload an object to a specific path on a Web server?

Which of the following is NOT a host?

Which of the following is NOT a layer of the Internet protocol stack?

Which of the following statements is NOT correct about retransmission in reliable data transfer protocol?

Which of the following is NOT one of the four sources of packet delay?

A user requests a Web page that consists of one HTML and two images. With non-persistent HTTP, how many RTTs, in addition to the object transmission time, are required for this page?

Barfly Inc. manufactures and markets a line of non-alcoholic mixers sold to restaurants and bars. Barfly’s Creative Bartender has recently experimented with making alcoholic versions with the intention of bottling and marketing these directly to the public through appropriate retail outlets. Prior spending on R&D was $1.5 million and Barfly anticipates spending half of that again during the first year of the project to conclude R&D (for total R&D of $2.25 million). The cost of building the manufacturing line is estimated at $1,175,000. Marketing projects revenues from the new product line will be 800,000 units in the first year, growth in years 2 and 3 at 15%, growth in year 4 at 10%, and 5% for year 5. While Barfly anticipates the product will have a longer life than 5 years, their initial projections are for a 5 year time horizon, fully depreciating the cost of plant and equipment over that time on a straight-line basis. Revenue per unit is projected to be $2.50 in the first year, with prices rising by 3% per year thereafter. COGS are projected to be 68% of revenues, SG&A 7% of revenues, and the company’s marginal tax rate is 32%. Net working capital required for the project is expected to be 2% of revenues annually once the project is fully online in year 1. Barfly’s balance sheet includes $3,000,000 in total capital, of which $980,000 is debt. The market yield to maturity on debt is 3.75%, the risk free rate on a 5-year Treasury is 3%, and the market risk premium is 6.5%. The company’s beta is 1.3 and the CFO uses the CAPM to estimate cost of equity.

Management has been studying the company’s capital structure and is considering using a small secondary offering of stock to pay down debt. The following data is used to determine the cost of debt under varying capital structures.

1. If Barfly issues $180,000 in new equity and uses the proceeds to repurchase (and defease*) existing debt, what would the resulting weighted average cost of capital be?

2)Should management move towards this capital structure? Why or why not?

Matching

Match the term in Column I with the definition in Column II.

The National Football League (NFL) records a variety of performance data for individuals and teams. To investigate the importance of passing on the percentage of games won by a team, the following data show the average number of passing yards per attempt (Yards/Attempt) and the percentage of games won (WinPct) for a random sample of 10 NFL teams for the 2011 season.†

A. Develop the estimated regression equation that could be used to predict the percentage of games won given the average number of passing yards per attempt. (Round your numerical values to three decimal places.)

B. For the 2011 season, suppose the average number of passing yards per attempt for a certain NFL team was 6.4. Use the estimated regression equation developed in part (c) to predict the percentage of games won by that NFL team. (Note: For the 2011 season, suppose this NFL team's record was 8 wins and 8 losses. Round your answer to the nearest integer.)

ADRENOCORTICAL INSUFFICIENCY: ADDISON’S DISEASE

John Kennedy is a 41-YO father of two children and holds a highly stressful job. Over the past 3 months, he has lost 15 lbs and experienced extreme fatigue. He has also noticed decreased body hair in the axillary and pubic regions, and his skin was very tanned although he has not had time to bask in the sun.

In his physician’s office, John appeared very thin, with sunken eyes and decreased skin turgor. His supine blood pressure was 90/60 with a pulse rate of 95 beats/minute. When standing, his blood pressure was 70/40 with a pulse rate of 120 beats/minute. His skin was noted to be deeply pigmented.

Laboratory Data:

Venous Blood

                             Na+                                    126 mEq/L (normal: 140 mEq/L)

                             K+                                       5.7 mEq/L (normal: 4.5 mEq/L)

                             Osmolarity                       265 mOsm/L (normal: 290 mOsm/L)

                             Fasting Glucose               50 mg.dL (normal: 70-100 mg/dL)

                             Cortisol                             Decreased

                             ACTH                                 Increased

                             Aldosterone                     Decreased

Arterial Blood

              pH                                      7.32 (normal: 7.4)

              bicarbonate                     18 mEq/L (normal: 24 mEq/L)

The ACTH Stimulation Test was negative: there was no increase in serum level of cortisol or aldosterone. Based on the symptoms, physical examination, laboratory results, and ACTH Stimulation Test results, John was diagnosed with Primary Adrenocortical Insufficiency (Addison’s Disease). John was prescribed daily treatment with hydrocortisone (a synthetic glucocorticoid) and fludrocortisones (a synthetic minetalocorticoid). John was instructed to take the hydrocortisone in a larger dose at 8 a.m. and a smaller dose at 1 p.m.

At a follow-up meeting 2 weeks later, John’s circulating ACTH level was normal, he had gained 5 lbs, his blood pressure (supine and standing) was normal, his tan started ti fade, and he had more energy.

1. Why were John’s serum cortisol, aldosterone, and ACTH levels consistent with Addison’s Disease?

2. How did the negative ACTH Stimulation Test confirm the diagnosis?

3. How did the adrenocortical insufficiency decrease John’s arterial blood pressure?

4. Why was John’s fasting blood glucose level lower than normal?

5. Why was his serum potassium ion level elevated?

6. Why was his serum sodium ion level decreased?

7. Why did John have decreased axillary and pubic hair?

8. What was the cause of the hyperpigmentation?

9. What caused his ACTH level to eturn to normal after 2 weeks of treatment?

10. Why was John instructed to take a larger dose of hydrocortisone at 8 a.m. and a smaller dose at 1 p.m.?

Modern medical practice tells us not to encourage babies to become too fat. Is there a positive correlation between the weight, x, or a 1-year-old baby and the weight, y, of the mature adult (30 years old)? A random sample of medical files produced the following information for 14 females. Please use this data to answer all parts of the question.

x (lbs) 21 25 23 24 20 15 25 21 17 24 26 22 18 19

y (lbs) 125 125 120 125 130 120 145 130 130 130 130 140 110 115

note: For these data, ?̅≈ 21.42, ?? ≈ 3.32, ?̅ ≈ 126.79, ?? ≈ 9.12 1.

a. Find the equation of the least-squares line: ?̂ = ? + ??. Round your results to two decimal places.

b. Compute the coefficient of determination, ? ^2 . What percentage of the variation in ? can be explained by the corresponding variation in ? (be sure to write this statement about weight as a 1-year-old and weight as an adult). What percentage is due to other factors? What does this tell you about how well our model fits the given data?

c. Interpret the slope of your least-squares line in the context of this application (what does the specific numeric value of the slope mean in terms of the relationship between weight as a 1-year-old and weight as an adult?).

A two-way table is given below, which shows the counts of the favorite leisure activities for 50 college students - 20 men and 30 women. Leisure Activity Yoga Sports TV Total Men 2 10 8 20 Women 16 6 8 30 Total 18 16 16 50 (a) What is the probability that a student selected at random is both a woman and student prefers Yoga? (b) What is the probability that a student is either a male or prefers sports? (c) What is the probability that a student selected at random prefers to watch television? (d) What is the probability that a female student selected at random, prefers television? (e) Draw the tree diagram for the above table. Be sure to label all probabilities.