1. Human Body Temperature. A sample of 115 body temperatures with a mean of 98.20℉ and a standard deviation of 0.62℉. Use a 0.05 significance level to test the claim that the mean body temperature of the population is equal to 97.6℉, as is commonly believed. Is there sufficient evidence to conclude that the common belief wrong?

2. Smartphone Users. A Ring Central survey of 395 smartphone users showed that 158 of them said that their smartphone is the only thing they could not live without. Use a 0.01 significance level to test the claim that fewer than half of smartphone users identify the smartphone as the only thing they could not live without. Do these results apply to the general population?

You are expected to prepare a human pedigree detailing the inheritance of a single
genetic disease or disorder.
The pedigree will be created from the following information:
● There are five generations.
● In generation 1, there are two families.
o family one, the male is affected; this family should be listed on the
left.
o family 2 the female is affected.
● In generation 2 there are 12 individuals. Information on this generation:
o family 1 had 7 children, family 2 had four.
o family 1 first three children were girls, the remainder boys
o family 2 had a girl, two boys, and another girl.
o the eldest female of family 1 was married.
▪ She went on to have one daughter, and then one male,
affected
o the youngest male of family 1 and the eldest female of family 2
were married. This youngest male was affected.
▪ They went on to have five children. One girl, two boys, and
two more girls. The eldest boy, and two youngest girls were
all affected.
▪ The eldest daughter went on to have a boy and a girl.
o the youngest daughter of family 1, and both males of family 2, were
affected.
● In generation 3 there are at least 9 members.
o The youngest girl of the merged family had two sons. The first died
at birth and it is unknown if he was affected. The second was
affected
o The second oldest daughter of the merged family had one affected
male. She was not married.
o A daughter was born, who was a descendant of family 1 only,
whose mother was unaffected
▪ Her father was affected.
▪ She also has an adopted brother
▪ She went on to have twin daughters
▪ She was not married
● In generation 4 there are 7 members.
o Four of five males were affected
● In generation 5 there are 2 members.
● Generation one is dead.
● Non-married partners are not included in the pedigree.
● Unless specified assume all individuals have married parents.
● Unless specified, assume all spouses are unaffected
You will provide all genotypes for the second generation and ensure all known affected
individuals are marked.

After depicting the disease on the pedigree, you should include determine its dominant
or recessive inheritance pattern, and its autosomal or sex-linked position in the human
genome. Then, you will research a condition that matches this pattern and describe it in
full. Also, you should include a brief description of the manifestations and clinical
outcomes of the disease. The written portion of the assignment should be completed in
Microsoft Word.

The human eye disease retinitis pigmentosa is caused by a loss of function mutation (rp) in the gene PRPF31. The disease is expressed when combined with wildtype allele 1 (rp+1) in a heterozygote, but not expressed when combined with wildtype allele 2 (rp+2) in a heterozygote. When comparing the number PRPF31 mRNA transcripts in the eyes of rp/rp+1 and rp/rp+2 individuals, researchers have found a higher number of functional PRPF31 mRNAs in the eyes of rp/rp+2 individuals. This is an example of ______ caused by haploinsufficiency or haplo-sufficiency________ when is rp occurs in the same genotype as rp+2.

Imagine you are the Vice President of a nonprofit, which works with human rights and equity initiatives, and you are managing the intercultural relations portfolio. Each year, you are tasked with evaluating the core values for the organization. Each cultural core value includes: acquire (knowledge), build (strategic thinking), contemplate (motivation), and do (behavior). How would you illustrate the theme of cultural experiences to members of the organization? What framework for socialization would you implement? How would you make sure that others in your organization understand racial prejudice and in the workplace?

In studies of human MZ and DZ twin pairs of the same sex who are reared together, the following concordance values are identified for various traits. Based on the values shown, describe the relative importance of genes versus the influence of environmental factors for each trait.

Trait Concordance

MZ DZ

Blood type 100 65

Chicken pox 89 87

Manic depression 67 13

Schizophrenia 72 12

Diabetes 62 15

Cleft lip 51 6

Club foot 40 4

The length of human pregnancies from conception to birth varies according to a distribution that can be modeled by a normal random variable with mean 267 days and standard deviation 15 days.

Question 1. What percent of pregnancies last less than 240 days? Note that the answer is requested as a percent. Use 2 decimal places in your answer.

%

Question 2. What percent of pregnancies last between 240 and 270 days? Note that the answer is requested as a percent. Use 2 decimal places in your answer.

%

Question 3. The longest 20% of pregnancies last at least how many days? (round to the nearest whole day)

days.

Human Physiology

1. Describe the events that lead to micturition (urination), including the effect of the nervous system on the muscles involved.
2. Explain the concept of transport maximum. Under what scenario would glucose appear in the urine?
3. Explain in detail the process that establishes and maintains the medullary osmotic gradient in the kidneys. Then describe the effect this osmotic gradient has on the water in the renal tubules.
4. Explain what conditions stimulate the release of ADH by the posterior pituitary. Then describe in detail the effect of ADH on cells lining the collecting duct.
5. Describe the effect aldosterone and ANP have on sodium levels in the blood.

Assume that human body temperatures are normally distributed with a mean of

98.19°F

and a standard deviation of

0.63°F.

a. A hospital uses

100.6°F

as the lowest temperature considered to be a fever. What percentage of normal and healthy persons would be considered to have a​ fever? Does this percentage suggest that a cutoff of

100.6°F

is​ appropriate?

b. Physicians want to select a minimum temperature for requiring further medical tests. What should that temperature​ be, if we want only​ 5.0% of healthy people to exceed​ it? (Such a result is a false​ positive, meaning that the test result is​ positive, but the subject is not really​ sick.)

a. The percentage of normal and healthy persons considered to have a fever is

nothing​%.

​(Round to two decimal places as​ needed.)

Does this percentage suggest that a cutoff of

100.6°F

is​ appropriate?

A.

​No, because there is a large probability that a normal and healthy person would be considered to have a fever.

B.

​No, because there is a small probability that a normal and healthy person would be considered to have a fever.

C.

​Yes, because there is a large probability that a normal and healthy person would be considered to have a fever.

D.

​Yes, because there is a small probability that a normal and healthy person would be considered to have a fever.

b. The minimum temperature for requiring further medical tests should be

nothingdegrees Upper F°F

if we want only​ 5.0% of healthy people to exceed it.

​(Round to two decimal places as​ needed.)