Updated! Python Code
4. Enhanced transmission method
Use the same probabilities ?0 ; ?0; and ?1 as before and consider the following experiment: p0=0.6 ; e0=0.05; e1=0.03
• You create and transmit a one-bit message S as before. In order to improve reliability, the same bit “S” is transmitted three times (S S S) as shown in Figure 2.
• The received bits “R” are not necessarily the same as the transmitted bits “S” due to transmission errors. The three received bits, shown as (R1 R2 R3) in Figure 2 will be equal to one of the following eight triplets: (R1 R2 R3) ={ (000), (001), (010), (100), (011), (101), (110), (111) } When you look at the received triplet (R1 R2 R3) you must decide what was the bit “S” originally transmitted by using voting and the majority rule. Here are some examples of the majority rule.
• For example, if the three received bits are (R1 R2 R3)=(001), then the majority rule will decide that the bit must be a “0”. We denote this as the decoded bit D=0.
• As another example if the three received bits are (R1 R2 R3)=(101), then the majority rule will decode the bit as D=1.
• Another example: If you send S=0 three times, i.e. (S S S) = ( 0 0 0 ) and the received string is (R1 R2 R3) = (000), (001), (010), or (100) then the symbol will be decoded as D=0 and the experiment is a success, otherwise it is a failure.
• Another example: If you transmit S=1 three times, i.e. (S S S) = ( 1 1 1 ) and the received string is (011), (101), (110), or (111) the symbol will be decoded as D=1 and the experiment is a success, otherwise it is a failure.
• This procedure as described above is considered one experiment.
• Repeat the experiment N=100,000 times and count the number of successes.
• Find the probability that the transmitted bit "S" will be received and decoded incorrectly.
• Comment on whether the voting method used in this problem provides any improvement as compared to the method of Problem 1.
• SUBMIT your report in a Word or PDF file. Use the table below for your answer. Note: You will need to replicate the table in your Word file, in order to provide the answer in your report. Points will be taken off if you do not use the table. Probability of error with enhanced transmission Ans. p = ?
In: Computer Science
Please provide an extensive detailed financial analysis between each company and explain in extensive detail each field as well as compare each one with the industrial average.
| Ticker | WMT | Ticker | COST | |||||
| Name | Walmart Inc | Name | Costco | |||||
| Ratios | FY 2016 | FY 2017 | FY 2018 | Ratios | FY 2016 | FY 2017 | FY 2018 | |
| 1/31/2016 | 1/31/2017 | 1/31/2018 | 1/31/2016 | 1/31/2017 | 1/31/2018 | |||
| Profitability | Profitability | |||||||
| Return on Assets | 7.3% | 6.8% | 4.9% | Return on Assets | 7.2% | 7.1% | 7.7% | |
| Return on Capital | 12.9% | 12.6% | 9.9% | Return on Capital | 14.4% | 14.3% | 15.9% | |
| Return on Equity | 18.1% | 17.2% | 12.7% | Return on Equity | 20.7% | 20.7% | 23.4% | |
| Margin Analysis | Margin Analysis | |||||||
| Gross Margin | 25.1% | 25.6% | 25.4% | Gross Margin | 13.0% | 13.3% | 13.3% | |
| SG&A Margin | -- | -- | -- | SG&A Margin | -- | -- | -- | |
| EBITDA Margin | 7.0% | 6.8% | 6.2% | EBITDA Margin | 4.1% | 4.2% | 4.2% | |
| EBIT Margin | 5.0% | 4.7% | 4.1% | EBIT Margin | 3.1% | 3.1% | 3.2% | |
| Earnings from Cont. Ops Margin | 5.0% | 4.7% | 4.1% | Earnings from Cont. Ops Margin | 3.1% | 3.1% | 3.2% | |
| Net Income Margin | 3.0% | 2.8% | 2.0% | Net Income Margin | 2.0% | 2.0% | 2.1% | |
| Normalized Net Income Margin | 2.9% | 2.8% | 2.7% | Normalized Net Income Margin | 2.0% | 2.0% | 2.0% | |
| Free Cash Flow Margin | 3.3% | 4.3% | 3.7% | Free Cash Flow Margin | 1.6% | 0.5% | 3.3% | |
| Asset Turnover | Asset Turnover | |||||||
| Total Asset Turnover | 2.4x | 2.4x | 2.5x | Total Asset Turnover | 3.5x | 3.6x | 3.7x | |
| Fixed Asset Turnover | 4.1x | 4.2x | 4.4x | Fixed Asset Turnover | 7.7x | 7.3x | 7.3x | |
| Accounts Receivable Turnover | 77.8x | 84.8x | 87.4x | Accounts Receivable Turnover | 98.0x | 95.9x | 96.1x | |
| Inventory Turnover | 8.1x | 8.3x | 8.6x | Inventory Turnover | 11.6x | 11.5x | 11.9x | |
| Short Term Liquidity | Short Term Liquidity | |||||||
| Current Ratio | 0.9x | 0.9x | 0.8x | Current Ratio | 1.0x | 1.0x | 1.0x | |
| Quick Ratio | 0.2x | 0.2x | 0.2x | Quick Ratio | 0.5x | 0.4x | 0.4x | |
| Cash from Ops. To Curr Liab | 0.1x | 0.1x | 0.1x | Cash from Ops. To Curr Liab | 0.4x | 0.3x | 0.3x | |
| Avg. Days Sales Out. | 4.7x | 4.3x | 4.2x | Avg. Days Sales Out. | 3.7x | 3.8x | 3.9x | |
| Avg. Days Inventory Out. | 45.3x | 44.3x | 42.4x | Avg. Days Inventory Out. | 31.3x | 31.6x | 31.2x | |
| Avg. Days Payable Out. | 38.9x | 40.6x | 42.7x | Avg. Days Payable Out. | 31.4x | 29.4x | 28.3x | |
| Avg. Cash Conversion Cycle | 11.0x | 8.0x | 3.9x | Avg. Cash Conversion Cycle | 3.6x | 6.0x | 6.7x | |
| Long Term Solvency | Long Term Solvency | |||||||
| Total Debt/Equity | 55.5% | 53.1% | 52.5% | Total Debt/Equity | 56.7% | 41.9% | 60.2% | |
| Total Debt/Capital | 35.7% | 34.7% | 34.4% | Total Debt/Capital | 36.2% | 29.5% | 37.6% | |
| LT Debt/Equity | 50.1% | 49.9% | 42.1% | LT Debt/Equity | 45.7% | 33.6% | 61.0% | |
| LT Debt/Capital | 31.1% | 31.5% | 26.6% | LT Debt/Capital | 28.6% | 23.2% | 37.0% | |
| Total Liabilities/Total Assets | 25.7% | 25.8% | 22.1% | Total Liabilities/Total Assets | 17.1% | 15.8% | 21.4% | |
| EBIT / Interest Exp. | 9.46x | 9.62x | 8.77x | EBIT / Interest Exp. | 29.23x | 27.61x | 30.68x | |
| EBITDA / Interest Exp. | 12.97x | 13.67x | 13.19x | EBITDA / Interest Exp. | 34.43x | 32.41x | 36.54x | |
| (EBITDA-CAPEX) / Interest Exp. | 8.54x | 9.25x | 8.91x | (EBITDA-CAPEX) / Interest Exp. | 17.09x | 14.99x | 19.86x | |
| Total Debt/EBITDA | 1.38x | 1.30x | 1.37x | Total Debt/EBITDA | 1.29x | 1.05x | 1.22x | |
| Net Debt/EBITDA | 1.12x | 1.09x | 1.15x | Net Debt/EBITDA | -0.06x | 0.09x | 0.16x | |
| Altman Z Score | 4.83 | 4.75 | 5.1 | Altman Z Score | 5.83 | 6.33 | 5.8 | |
In: Accounting
For this assignment, you are going to put your imagination to use.
STEP ONE:
STEP TWO:
Your essay needs an introduction, body, and conclusion. Grading for this assignment includes points mentioned above and the use of correct grammar and spelling.
In: Economics
Suppose the U.S. Congress passes a budget which increases individual income
taxes by $120 billion and increases infrastructure spending (airports, roads,
bridges, etc.) by $50 billion. The increase in income taxes is concentrated at the top,
so the tax increase causes personal consumption expenditures to fall by only $30
billion. Use this information to answer the questions below. (20 pts)
a. At constant interest rates (“other things equal”), what would these policy
changes do to national saving and domestic investment spending?
Change in S =
Change in I =
b. Closed economy analysis: Assuming the U.S. financial system is closed to
international financial flows, draw an S/I diagram to illustrate the effect of
these policy changes on (1) U.S. interest rates and (2) the quantity of domestic
investment spending. Incorporate your numerical answers from part (a) into
your diagram.
-3-
c. Open economy analysis: Now assume that the U.S. financial system is open
and that the U.S. is small enough in the global financial system that you can
ignore the effect of these policy changes on global interest rates. Draw an S/I
diagram to illustrate the effect of the policy changes on (1) U.S. net capital
flows and (2) domestic investment spending. When drawing your diagram,
assume that the U.S. would have had net capital inflow without the policy
changes.
In: Economics
1) You have 100 ml of a solution of ATP. You take 25 ?l, and dilute it to a final volume of 1ml. The absorbance of the diluted solution at 259 nm is 0.550.
a) What is the ATP concentration in the original, undiluted solution?
**The molar extinction coefficient for ATP at 259 nm is 15,600 l mol-1cm-1.
b. How many mg of ATP are there in total in the original, undiluted solution?
**The formula weight of ATP is 551.14 g/mole.
2) Fill in the blanks, with one of these 5 amino acids
Lysine/Cysteine/ Valine/ Tryptophan/Aspartate
a) If you dissolve (blank) in water, the resulting pH would be about 8.5
b) if you dissolve (blank) in water, the resulting pH would be about 4
c) (blank) residues would most likely be buried in the core of a folded protein structure
d) Collagen does not absorb strongly at 280 nm. This is because its sequence does not contain many (blank) residues.
e) (blank) can form disulfide bridges in proteins
3) You mix 100 ml of 0.1 M acetic acid with 100 ml of 0.1 M sodium acetate. The pKa of acetic acid is 4.76.
a) What is the pH of this mixture?
b) You then add 10 ml of 25 mM HCl. What will the new pH be?
c) What would the resulting pH be if you just added 10 ml of 25mM HCl to 200 ml of distilled water?
In: Biology
(The topic about citation) .
Write a summary of a scientific topic at your choice in civil
engineer.You should cite at least two different types of sources
(Book, Article, report, website, etc).The citation may be a
paraphrase or summary; the direct quotation should not exceed
10%.Use proper
citation style, e.g.APA,The summary should not exceed one-page
including the references ( on the program word 12 font size and
single line space)Note:(1) Avoid plagiarism, copying and
pasting.(2)I want the references that you used it.
(The topic about citation).
Write a summary of a scientific topic at your choice in civil
engineer(like Performance efficiency study for prefabricated
building or Earthquake-resistant structures, bridges.
You should cite at least two different types of sources (Book,
Article, report, website, etc). The citation may be a paraphrase or
summary; the direct quotation should not exceed 10% .Use proper
citation style, e.g APA, The summary should not exceed one page including the
references (on the program word 12 font size and single line space)
Note: (1) Avoid plagiarism, copying and pasting.(2)I want the
references that you used it.
Ok Not on condition for civil engineering, Choose any topic you want and write it.(like a scientific topic on physics)
In: Civil Engineering
London Township began Year 1 with a balance of $10 million in its bridge repair fund, a capital projects fund. The fund balance is classified as restricted.
At the start of the year, the governing council appropriated $6 million for the repair of two bridges. Shortly thereafter, the town signed contracts with a construction company to perform the repairs at a cost of $3 million per bridge.
During the year, the town received and paid bills from the construction company as follows:
At the start of the following year, the governing council reappropriated the $1 million to complete the repairs on Bridge 2. During that year, the town received and paid bills totaling $0.7 million. The construction company completed the repairs, but the final cost was less than anticipated—a total of only $2.7 million.
In: Accounting
Your job is to design and assess a personal power generator based on the Faraday Effect. The coil will be used to charge a capacitor which will be used to power an MP4 player (an i-thingy). The generator will use a small rare earth magnet with a magnetic field strength of B=1.0 T. The magnet is LM=0.50 inches on a side and is mounted on a shaft so that it can rotate as shown. The magnet sits in the center of a fixed square coil of wire with inner side length of LC=0.51 inches. The magnetic field lines come out normal to the larger flat surfaces of the magnet. Assume that the magnet and coil are both thin enough so the geometry is simple and the fields continue straight out from the surface beyond the coil wires (do not diverge).
a) (2 pts) The magnet rotates at angular frequency ω. Write an expression for the flux through a single loop as a function of time in terms of some or all of the variables ω, Lm, Lc, and B. (It should include a sine function.)
b) (2 pts) The magnet can be rotated by a hand crank at 300 revolutions per minute. Find the amplitude of the emf that can be generated with a single turn in the coil in terms of some or all of the variables ω, Lm, Lc, and B..
c) (3 pts) How many turns (N) should the coil have in order to generate an amplitude of 8 V at the rotation speed in part b? Give both logic and a number here.
d) (3 pts) The i-thingy requires 3 V and consumes 0.03 W when on. During operation the output voltage of the capacitor drops from 5 V to 3 V. You want it to operate 1 hour on one charge. How much energy must be stored in the capacitor when it is charged to 5V? Give equation/logic and a numerical answer.
e) (2 pts) What value of capacitance is required to power the i-thingy for 1 hour? Give equation/logic and a numerical answer.
f) (2 pts) For what fraction of a sinusoidal cycle of amplitude 8 V does the voltage exceed 5 V? (We can add a Zener diode to the circuit so that current only flows into the capacitor when voltage from the coil exceeds positive 5 V.)
g) (2 pts) Assuming that the coil generates a maximum current i what is the maximum value of the torque required to turn the magnet? (The torque is due to two sides of the coil moving at right angles through the field when the magnet face normal is at right angles to the coil normal.)
h) (2 pts) A reasonable force that you can supply to the handle of a 2” long crank is about 1 pound (hah! English units). What maximum current does this correspond to?
i) (2 pts) Assuming that the time averaged values of the voltage and current delivered to the capacitor are ½ of their maximum values, how long does it take to fully charge the capacitor cranking at 300 rpm?
In: Physics
Given: You are given a Python Class template. In this class
there is a
class variable vector, is a list of N non-negative integers and
are
stored (in positions 0, 1, 2, ... (N-1)), where at least one
integer
is 0.
Task: Write a recursive function "findAllPaths" to find all
possible
path through V starting at position 0, and ending at
the location of 0, in accordance with the Rule below.
If no such path exists, "paths" should be an empty list. You
also
have to write functions called "getShortest" and "getLongest"
which
return respectively the shortest and longest paths as lists.
Rule: From position i, the next position in the path must be either
i+x,
or i-x, where x is the non-negative integer stored in position
i.
There is no path possible from position i to position i+x if
either of these 2 conditions hold:
position i+x is beyond the end of V.
position i+x is already on the path.
There is no path possible from position i to position i-x if
either of these 2 conditions hold:
position i-x is beyond the start of V.
position i-x is already on the path.
Example:
Suppose V contained the following:
Position: 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
Integer: 2 8 3 2 7 2 2 3 2 1 3 0
Then one path is:
0 2 5 7 4 11
Recursive Algorithm
-------------------
Your solution MUST use a recursive function to identify the
paths.
You must implement the recursive function, as follows:
def findAllPaths(self, position, solution):
"findAllPaths" takes the initial part of a solution Path,
and
a potential next solution position in the Vector. It explores
paths with the given position appended to the given solution
path so far.
The class variable paths is a list of lists and the function
Example Run:
------------
Example vector: [2, 8, 3, 2, 7, 2, 2, 3, 2, 1, 3, 0]
Valid paths:
0 2 5 7 4 11
0 2 5 3 1 9 10 7 4 11
0 2 5 3 1 9 8 10 7 4 11
0 2 5 3 1 9 8 6 4 11
No Solution example:
3 1 1 1 3 4 2 5 3 0
The following template is given:
def getName():
# Use the name displayed on D2L (easier for us to find)
return "Haque, Mohammad"
class Pathfinder():
def __init__(self, vector):
# Initialize the Pathfinder object
self.vector = vector
self.paths = []
self.findAllPaths(0,[])
def findAllPaths(self, position, solution):
# Recursively explore the possible paths and store valid
paths
# This method will not be tested, so you can modify the parameters
as needed
print("hi")
pass
def getLongest(self):
# Return the longest of all paths found or [] if no paths
exist
# If multiple paths with the longest length exist, return one of
them
pass
def getShortest(self):
# Return the shortest of all paths found or [] if no paths
exist
# If multiple paths with the shortest length exist, return one of
them
pass
Any help will very much appreciated
In: Computer Science
object oriented programming java
Create a Student class that have two data members id (assign to your ID) and name (assign to your name). Create the object of the Student class by new keyword and printing the objects value. You may name your object as Student1. The output should be like this:
20170500
Asma Zubaida
In: Computer Science