Please read and review the text below and rewrite them using different words and concept..

All cultures are different in various ways. A behavior or aspect of one’s culture that may seem appropriate in one culture may be seen as a cultural implication in another. Cultural implication can be seen in a wide range of different ways including semantics, word connotations, tone differences, and differences in perception. I will find differences when comparing the national cultures of Japan and the United States. Globalization has produced more interactions among individuals from various background and culture than previously. Individuals are nowadays more open-minded in the marketplace globally with stiff competition emerging from almost all places in the world. Diversity can cause problems to organizations and also be a solution to some problems. The challenge is to remove the very core of diversity and strategically manage it for the enhancement of the organization and people. This paper will address the impacts of cultural diversity in an organization and the tools needed for effectively managing cultural diversity.

The Differences in the United States and Japan’s Corporate world stems from each nations culture, principles and beliefs. Japanese perceive their existence as a brief instant in a long chronicle of mankind. Cultural beliefs influence an individual’s behavior. Americans are comfortable networking with unfamiliar people and are confident making contact with their potential colleagues to acquire data. In the united states the belief is that people should look after self and family and should not put faith in authorities for support.

            The Japanese culture believe in having a tightly knitted network in which people strongly distinguish things between their own groups, such as relatives, clans, organizations. Within culture of Japan it is easily shown that the people categorize themselves into clans it is seen even the entertainment industry in Japan the value of a last name in the culture is high. “Individualism exists when people define themselves primarily as separate individuals and make their main commitment to themselves” (Adler, Gunderson). Meaning when basically how a person views themselves as priority to others. Individualism implies weakly implemented social networks in which everyone is solely concerned with themselves. It is a trait most commonly subjugated towards Americans. Japanese on the other hand are considered to be on the exact opposite end, as they believe more so into collectivism. “Collectivist hold common goals and object, not individual goals that focus primarily on self-interest” (Adler, Gunderson). Collectivism characterizes such cultures as the Japanese, the people there truly believe that the will of the group should determine members specific behaviors and beliefs.

The career stability made due to the level of uncertainty avoidance contributes to the career success and quality of life. The idea of the group always being more important everyone strives together to better an organization, so they tend to grow as a whole within their company. Most organizations in Japan compare themselves to other groups creating a competitive market against one another that in total creates the level of success, everyone has the same goal in the organization to do better, so they sacrifice their personal needs for their career in ordinance to build up their organization. The Japanese quality of life is represented by the level of success made so they prioritize everything in life towards making a successful career wherever they go.

Option #2: Financial Statement Analysis Problems

Complete the following problems:

1. For this problem, use the following randomly generated list of accounts, placing them in appropriate order to prepare an income statement.

1. The following randomly constructed table requires that as part of your Critical Thinking Assignment you arrange the accounts into a well-labeled income statement. Make sure you label and solve for gross profit, operating profit, and net profit before taxes.
2. Using a 35% tax rate, calculate taxes paid and net profit after taxes.
3. Assuming a dividend of $1.10 per share with 4.25 million shares outstanding, calculate EPS and additions to retained earnings.

2. Explain why the income statement can also be called a “profit-and-loss statement.” What exactly does the word balance mean in the title of the balance sheet? Why do we balance the two halves?

3. CS Industries, Inc. began 2016 with retained earnings of $25.32 million. During the year, it paid four quarterly dividends of $0.35 per share to 2.75 million common stockholders. Preferred stockholders, holding 500,000 shares, were paid two semiannual dividends of $0.75 per share. The firm had a net profit after taxes of $5.15 million. Prepare the statement of retained earnings for the year ended December 31, 2016.

4. Sky Metals, Inc. is a metal fabrication firm that manufactures prefabricated metal parts for customers in a variety of industries. The firm’s motto is “If you need it, we can make it.” The CEO of Sky Metals recently held a board meeting during which he extolled the virtues of the corporation. The company, he stated confidently, had the capability to build any product and could do so using a lean manufacturing model. The firm would soon be profitable, claimed the CEO, because the company used state-of-the-art technology to build a variety of products while keeping inventory levels low. As a business press reporter, you have calculated some ratios to analyze the financial health of the firm. Sky Metals' current ratios and quick ratios for the past 6 years are shown in the following table:

What do you think of the CEO’s claim that the firm is lean and soon to be profitable?

5. If we know that a firm has a net profit margin of 4.5%, total asset turnover of 0.72, and a financial leverage multiplier of 1.43, what is its ROE? What is the advantage to using the DuPont system to calculate ROE over the direct calculation of earnings available for common stockholders divided by common stock equity?

Conflict Case

You are employed by a Fortune 500 company, based in Austin, working in their HR department. The company makes toys. Your specific role is to aid managers who are having difficulties. The CEO of the company has told one of the supervisors to come see you, because there is an issue with his department.

James comes to you because many of his employees have transferred out of the division or quit. When you ask James if anything has changed in his division to cause this, James tells you that he is not sure of the cause. If anything, he thinks his employees should be even more satisfied than before. James tells you that last month he decided to implement a new pay system for all his teams and also the team leaders. He decided that the workers in the teams would get 80% of their base pay from the year before, but would get a bonus for every 1000 toys they made beyond what they produced last year. By his calculations, if his division produces the same number of toys as last year, the bonuses will put the teams at 100% of their pay. If they produce fewer toys, they will make less money--but if they produce more, they will make more. In order to keep teams from competing against each other, the bonuses will be paid out according to how well the entire division does, not on how each individual team does. James decided to do this on a Monday and had it implemented on that Tuesday, with a memo sent out explaining the change.

So far as the team leaders are concerned, James decided to give them 80% of their pay but, instead of more money, the team leader bonuses would consist of company-paid trips to Europe. James thought that this was a great idea, as everyone likes to go on trips. Furthermore, the trips are actually worth more than the team leaders would be able to make if they were just being paid cash, even if the division suddenly became the top producer in the company. So they are worth more than the money they would get, but the system still saves the company money because the company owns a travel agency, meaning that they are able to get the trips at a huge discount. This new policy is the only change that James can think of that might have affected the teams in his division.

Both James and the CEO are looking to you for answers. And once again, the CEO wants a memo about the situation, and what you are going to do about it in the next two hours.*

*Note: As the CEO wants the information in 2 hours (although, obviously, you have until the assignment is due to turn in your memo), you are not expected to do any sort of advanced research. No citations are needed. Furthermore, as you are given no further information about the situation, your “plan” will be viewed in such a light.

You are to write a 1+ page, formal memo (the text needs to go onto the second page, even if it is a single word) addressing this situation. The memo should be single spaced, with a full space between paragraphs (like this document).

**There is no additional reading for this case.

The Excel file Salary reports the monthly salaries for 93 randomly and independently selected employees of a bank; there are 32 salaries of male employees and 61 salaries of female employees.  

Let um = the mean monthly salary for all male bank employees, and uf = the mean monthly salary for all female bank employees. Your objective is to find some evidence of um > uf, that is, the female employees are discriminated against.

Provide descriptive statistical summaries of the data sets for male and female employees. What are your primary observations concerning the two data sets? Calculate the 99% confidence intervals for um and uf, and interpret them. Do these intervals overlap?

Formulate a hypothesis test for supporting um > uf. What is the distribution of the test statistic? What is the value of the test statistics? What is the p-value of the test? What is your conclusion and its interpretation when the test is conducted under the 0.01 significance level?

Do your findings support a discrimination suit against the employer?

Instructions

For Task 1, apply “Descriptive Statistics” in Data Analysis of Excel (see instructions on pages 354-356). Summarize the obtained relevant statistics. Recall that in the row “Confidence Level (99.0%)” of the Descriptive Statistics output you actually see the margin of error of the confidence interval for the corresponding population mean.

To complete Task 2, formulate the null and alternative hypotheses, and apply “t-Test; Two-sample Assuming Unequal Variances” in Data Analysis of Excel with α = 0.01 (see instructions on pages 446-447). Note. In Excel, e.g., 2.71E-06 is 2.71(10^-6), which is practically zero.

Feel free to express your opinion.

Use Microsoft Word to write a managerial report with your name shown on the first page. The report should include all your Excel outputs (copy and paste them), so do not attach any separate Excel files. Hint. You may assume that you are an intern working for a branch of the bank and your boss, who has a very limited knowledge about business statistics, asked you to conduct a statistical analysis concerning the comparison of the salaries of male and female employees. You report may look like a letter written to your boss in which you present your findings.    

Reflection Question#1 – What is Christina Aguilera and the other musicians asking the U.S. government to do and explain why?

Reflection Question #2 – Describe your opinion on this issue and mention if you agree or disagree with the musicians as to what they are asking?

Reflection Question #3 – Give your opinion on --- “Whose job is it to police copyright infringement?”

“The music industry is begging the US government to change its copyright laws” By Jamieson Cox on April 1, 2016
Christina Aguilera, Katy Perry, deadmau5, and dozens of other musicians are asking the US government to revamp the Digital Millennium Copyright act (DMCA), the piece of law that governs access to copyrighted work on the internet. Musicians, managers, and "creators" from across the industry co-signed petitions sent to the US Copyright Office arguing that tech companies — think YouTube and Tumblr, sites with vast reserves of content that infringes on some copyright — have "grown and generated huge profits" on the backs of material that's illegally hosted.

"The growth and support of technology companies should not be at the expense of artists and songwriters," reads the letter signed by Aguilera, Perry, and their peers. "The tech companies who benefit from the DMCA today were not the intended protectorate when it was signed into law two decades ago."

Whose job is it to police copyright infringement?
This is a complicated issue, but you can boil it down to one key question: whose job is it to police the appearance of copyrighted material where it doesn't belong? When the DMCA was created in 1998, it was much easier for artists and labels to handle isolated incidents of copyright infringement using the act's "notice-and-takedown" system. (It's self-explanatory: the copyright owner files a notice of infringement, it's processed, and the offending post is taken down.)
It's a lot harder to police the internet c. 2016. It's flooded with new, potentially infringing material every second, and the industry the notice-and-takedown system isn't responsive enough to help musicians' work retain its value. It's also noting that sites like YouTube have thrived on the "copyright black market," earning millions of clicks and views from content sitting in the grey area between posting and takedown. The sites counter by arguing they've given the labels the tools they need (like YouTube's Content ID system) to make DMCA takedowns faster and more effective.
It's unclear exactly what impact the industry's coordinated response will have on the status of the DMCA. Bloomberg notes that the US Copyright Office doesn't have the power to directly change the DMCA; it can recommend a set of changes to a subcommittee tasked with reviewing contemporary copyright law, but that's about it. If you take the industry's word for it, that change needs to happen fast, because the status quo is endangering the future of music. "The existing laws — and their interpretation by judges — threaten the continued viability of songwriters and recording artists to survive from the creation of music," reads the musicians' letter. "The next generation of creators may be silenced if the economics don't justify a career in the music industry."

Network Device Basics

Directions: Use Packet Tracer to complete the following labs. Answer the questions and record screenshots in a Word document titled firstInitial+LastName+Basics.

Find Device Information

You are working with a single active switch and a router as shown in Diagram 1. You would like to gather information about the device.

Execute this lab according to the following guidelines:

Use the CLI to answer the following questions:

1. What is the IOS version?
2. How much NVRAM (non-volatile RAM) is available on the device?
3. How much DRAM does the device have?
4. How many ethernet and serial interfaces does the router have?
5. How many Fast Ethernet and Gigabit Ethernet interfaces does the switch have?

Enable, Console, and VTY Passwords

You would like to require a password when connecting to the switch and router through the console or through a VTY line. You also need to configured cisco as the enable secret password.

Execute this lab according to the following guidelines:

1. Configure the following line passwords:

2. Make sure log in is allowed on the console and the VTY lines with a password.
3. Prevent access through the remaining VTY lines (5–15).
4. Save your changes to the startup-config file.

Configure Hostnames & Descriptions

You have connected all devices. You now need to configure the hostname and interface descriptions on each Cisco device.

Execute this lab according to the following guidelines:

1. Set the hostname on the switch and the router to the names indicated in Diagram 1 (Switch, Router).

2. NOTE: Head Office router and the Cloud are NOT configured.

   Configure the following interface descriptions:

Configure Banners

You have been assigned to configure the following banners.

Execute this lab according to the following guidelines:

Be sure to include all punctuation in the banner text, but do not include a hard return in the banner except where noted.

Each component included in the Diagram 1 needs to be correctly configured and carries equal percentage of the total allotted points for the entire assignment.

Diagram 1

Use 2960-24TT Switch /1841 Cisco Router With 2 Serial Port Addons / Auto Connections

(Courtesy of Cisco Systems, Inc. Unauthorized use not permitted.)

Documentation

Create a zipped file called firstInitial+LastName+Basics containing the following items:

1. All documentation to be submitted to the learning management system for the assignment.
2. The completed Packet Tracer assignment.

The PI owners are anticipating that as the business begins and becomes busy, potential contract-related problems and disputes could arise from purchases of paints and supplies from Naturals, and from sales of supplies and paints to local and internet customers. For example, the PI owners know from their prior business experiences, that hassles often develop with manufacturers when a company places an email purchase order to which the manufacturer does not reply, but simply ships nonconforming goods or ships orders too late to meet customer needs. Another problem area is related to internet sales where customers often claim the sales contract is confusing or incomplete sometimes resulting in mistakes in orders and cancellations. These problems can be time-consuming, detrimental to the bottom line, and can create damaging publicity and a negative image for any business. Pat and Gale, the lead consultants working with the PI owners, and you, along with the PI owners, Jo, Maddy, and Taylor have discussed these problems and the need to minimize disputes and liabilities for PI arising from its contract agreements. After several meetings, Pat and Gale ask you to develop sample form contracts designed to minimize contract sales disputes and possible liabilities for PI. Instructions There are two parts to this project. In the first part, you will create two (2) sample contracts. In the second part, you will write a brief memorandum. Part I Create the following two (2) sample contracts for PI that are all consistent with UCC rules regarding sales. A. Create a standard form sales contract to be used to purchase an order of paint from Naturals. B. Develop a standard e-contract form for internet sales of paint sold by PI to internet customers; include shipping policies and procedures. (PI will be reselling paint it purchases from Naturals via the internet.) DO NOT use standard form contracts from the internet; this will be obvious and will not receive credit. Part II: Write a brief memorandum addressed to the PI owners. Write in depth, comprehensive analysis and explanations to support conclusions. Explain the following: Analyze and discuss how the standard form sales contract (created in Part 1. A. above) for purchase of paint from Naturals will help prevent or minimize contract disputes and possible liabilities. Analyze and discuss how the standard form e-contract (created in Part 1. B. above) for internet sales of PI paint will help prevent or minimize contract disputes and possible liabilities and losses. Format for Report Create a Word or Rich Text Format (RTF) document Double-spaced, 12-point font, Arial or Times New Roman No page requirement Include title page with your name, course/section number Use in text citations Include a References list of cited resources Write clearly and concisely. Use the given scenario and facts to create the sample contracts; do not use contract forms from the internet – that will be obvious and may result in grade penalties. Label each part as follows: Part I A. B. Part II A. B. Review the Contracts and Memorandum Thoroughly read the contract and memorandum to ensure all required elements are present. Use the grading rubric to ensure that you gain the most points possible for this assignment.

Learning Objectives

1. Learn more about the statistical analysis tools in SPSS.
2. Practice manual calculations and confirm with SPSS output.
3. Walk through all steps of hypothesis testing for a related-samples t-Test.

About Your Data

A statistics student was late on completing the final statistics project. While racking her brain for ideas, she watched her cat eating supper and noticed how much quicker the cat ate the new brand of cat food. Feeling desperate about the project, she decided to figure out if cats really do prefer Brand A over Brand B. She catnapped six neighborhood cats (No judging!) and deprived them of food for 10 hours. Then she gave the cats Brand A, measured the amount of food eaten, deprived them of food for another 10 hours and gave them Brand B. The amounts eaten in grams are listed below:

Instructions

The steps below are slightly different from the ones laid out by your textbook author. I want you to follow my six steps below. Also, because it can be difficult and time consuming trying to figure out how to insert symbols into a word processing document, I would like you to complete your manual work with pencil and paper.

Six Steps of Hypo Testing and Manual Calculations

You will be conducting a related-samples t-Test (SPSS calls it a Paired-Samples test) to determine whether the cats have equal preference for Brands A and B. Your alpha level will be .05.

Write out your six steps for this ethically dubious though highly entertaining study. ;-)

1) State H₀ using symbols AND words
2) State H₁ using symbols AND words
3) State your alpha level
4) Articulate your rejection rule ("Reject H₀ if |obtained t| ≥ critical t, t_crit = _____")
5) Manually calculate your related-samples t value (Show your work. Carry your calculations out to two decimal places. Feel free to calculate standard deviation on calculator.)
6) State your conclusions in four parts. a. What did you do? b. What did you find? c. What does it mean? d. What can we do with these findings? (REFER BACK TO ABOVE VIDEO for explanation and examples of the different parts of Step 6. Follow the template provided in the video.)

Effect-Size Statistics

What are Cohen's d and the confidence interval of the difference? The confidence interval is listed in the SPSS output. You can do a quick internet search for "Cohen's d" calculator and find many websites that will allow you to quickly perform that calculation. Once you have your effect sizes, explain what they mean.

Decision-Making Errors

Of course, there is always the possibility of Type I or Type II error. Which type of error is relevant in this case? What are some possible consequences of this type of error?

"PYTHON"

Declare a list that is initialized with six of your favorite sports teams. Print out the number of teams to the shell. Use a for loop to print out the teams to the shell.

2. a. Declare a sporting goods list, initially with no elements.
b. Use a while loop to prompt the user for a sporting goods item and append the item to the list.
c. Break out of the loop when the user enters exit; do NOT append the word exit to the list.
d. Write a for s in sport_list loop to print out the elements in the list to the shell.
(BONUS) Add code to handle a ctrl-c exit.

3. a. Create a pressure list which initially contains no elements. b. Using the SenseHat, take 25 pressure measurements and store each measurement as a floating-point number in the list. Be sure to have the program sleep for a second or two between each measurement.
c. After recording the measurements, calculate the average of the pressure measurements- use the sum function and display the average on the SenseHat.

4. Allow the user to enter new sporting goods items at a specific index in the sporting goods list. Prompt the user for the index and the new item’s name.

5. Sort the sporting goods list in ascending order. Use a while loop to print out each item in the sporting goods list.

---Allow the user to delete an item from the sporting goods list. Prompt the user for the item’s name.

-- Sort the sporting goods list in descending order. Use a while loop to print out each item in the sporting goods list.


---a. Create a week_tuple and assign the days of the week as strings to the week_tuple.

b. Print out the elements in the week_tuple.

---a. The following list has been declared as follows:
credit_list = [24,3,15]

b. Convert the credit_list to a tuple named credit_tuple.

c. Print out the elements in the credit_tuple.

---a. Write an initialize_list_values function that takes in a number for the number of elements in a list and an initial value for each element. The function creates a new list and appends the elements with the initial value to the new list.

b. Pass in 5 and 3.4 as arguments to the intital_list_values and store the returned list in data_list.

c. Use a loop to print the elements of the data_list.

---a. Create a tuple named inventory_items_tuple which has Raspberry Pi 3, Raspberry Pi 2, and Raspberry Pi Camera Module.

b. Create a tuple named out_of_stock_items_tuple which has Raspberry Pi Zero. (Hint: add a , after “Raspberry Pi Zero”.)

c. Append these two tuples together into the all_items_tuple. Print out each element in the tuple using a for loop and use the len function to determine the number of elements in the tuple.
  

--a. Create a list of lists consisting of three rows and four columns, which were initially set to 0.
b. Prompt the user to initialize each element in the list of lists.
c. Compute the sum of all of the elements in the list. You may use the sum function.
d. Prompt the user to enter a row number and use a loop to calculate the sum of the elements in the row and print out the sum.

Project 1

You are the manager of an organisation that sells and delivers IT training. You predominantly offer courses in the Maxihard Office suite and you know that Maxihard are bringing out a new version called Ultimo in six months. Ultimo is being hailed as the new revolution in IT and there is a lot of interest in it from the general public. You have been sent a trial copy of Ultimo by Maxihard but there are no training materials available yet.

Your team comprises:

- three staff trainers (one full-time and two part-time)

- three client relationship managers

- one sales administration trainee

- one receptionist

Your challenge is to get your team ready to launch your training courses in Ultimo in six months. In order to do this you need to prepare a learning and development strategy that includes all of the following aspects. (1,000–2,000 words)

1. Identify the learning needs of:

(a) The organisation.

(b) The team as a whole.

( c) Each of the individuals who will be involved.

2. Explain how you will encourage team members to assess their own competencies and identify their own learning and development needs. How will this be documented?

3. Provide a description of the activities you will utilise/ organise in order to achieve the learning needs.

4. Give an example of how you will document this learning in:

(a) Team performance plans.

(b) Individual performance plans.

5. Describe how you will accommodate the diversity of needs of participants and maximise participation in the learning opportunities you propose.

6. Which experts within your organisation, and external to your organisation, can you ask to help you? What will you ask for assistance with?

7. What changes to organisational procedures need to be made as a result of the learning that is being planned?

8. How will you monitor the learning activities whilst they are in progress?

9. What will you do to encourage team members to share their skills and knowledge:

(a) During the six months lead up time?

(b) Once Ultimo has been launched?

10. How will you recognise achievements of your team?

11. As you undertake the learning in order to prepare to sell and deliver Ultimo courses, how will you:

(a) Monitor each individual in your team and how well they are prepared?

(b) Monitor the overall team performance?

(c) Determine if additional work-based support is required?

12. Choose a specific learning activity to focus on and describe how you will gather feedback on the training activity from:

(a) The individuals involved.

(b) The team as a whole.

13. How will you use this information to make improvements in future learning arrangements?

14. What records of this learning and development need to be kept?

Project 2

Write a 1,000 word essay on learning organisations. Explain what a learning culture entails, what a learning organisation is, how learning organisations are created, developed and maintained and why continuous learning is essential to organisational success in today’s commercial world.

Research at least one organisation that purports to be a learning organisation and provide details of what they do, how they do it and what they had to do in order to create their learning culture. If possible, describe the tangible benefits that they have received as a result.