1. What is enterprise leadership?
2. What is its difference with people's leadership?
3. Who are enterprise leaders and what are their roles?
4. Who is really in-charge of strategic alignment in a company?

For students who first enrolled in two year public instituitons in a recent semester, the proportion who earned a bachelor's degree within six years was 0.388. The president of a certain college believes that the proportion of students who enroll in her institution have a higher completion rate.

A.) Determine the null & alternative hypotheses.

B.) Explain what it would mean to make a Type I error.

C.) Explain what it would mean to make a Type II error.

A.) State the hypotheses.

H0: _______

H1: _______

(Type integers or decimals. Do not round.).

B.) Which of the following is a Type I error?

1.) The president rejects the hypothesis that the proportion of students who earn a bachelor's degree within six years is 0.388, when, in fact, the proportion is greater than 0.388.

2.) The president rejects the hypothesis that the proportion of students who earn a bachelor's degree within six years is 0.388, when, in fact, the proportion is 0.388.

3.) The president fails to reject the hypothesis that the proportion of students who earn a bachelor's degree within six years is 0.388, when, in fact, the proportion is 0.388

4.) The president fails to reject the hypothesis that the proportion of students who earn a bachelor's degree within six years is 0.388, when, in fact, the proportion is greater than 0.388

C.) Which of the following Type II error

1.) The president rejects the hypothesis that the proportion of students who earn a bachelor's degree within six years is 0.388, when, in fact, the proportion is 0.388.

2.) The president fails to reject the hypothesis that the proportion of students who earn a bachelor's degree within six years is 0.388, when, in fact, the proportion is 0.388.

3.) The president rejects the hypothesis that the proportion of students who earn a bachelor's degree within six years is 0.388, when, in fact, the proportion is greater than 0.388.

4.) The president fails to reject the hypothesis that the proportion of students who earn a bachelor's degree within six years is 0.388, when, in fact, the proportion is greater than 0.388

Sue T. is a nurse manager for medical-surgical units at a hospital. She is enrolled in a nursing master's degree program at the local university. As part of the requirements for a Nursing Management course, Sue proposes to conduct a study linking nursing interventions with nursing outcomes. She returns to her unit at night for two weeks to audit patient charts and collect the data she needs. She makes copies of the records that are particularly helpful and takes them home to write the final paper. As Sue is developing her paper, she realizes that the information she has collected may be helpful in completing her nursing staff performance evaluations. She decides to collect further patient outcome data for individual nurses to monitor their performance. Has Sue violated ethical principles by collecting data for a college assignment? Why or why not? Has she violated ethical principles by collecting patient data for employee performance evaluations? why or why not? What, if anything, should Sue have done differently in completing her assignment? What, if anything, should Sue have done differently in completing her employee performance evaluations?

After rigorous field survey, the insurance company finds that the probability to have cancer is 10% on average. The company offers a fixed rate policy where the premium is $1,000. Reimbursement is $9,000, which is the amount of medical expense you must pay if you get cancer. Suppose there are two types of customers: heavy smoker, who has a probability of 15% of getting cancer. Nonsmoker, who has a probability of 5% of getting cancer.

A) Assuming utility function is ?? = ?? , where x is the amount of money. Calculate utilities for both heavy smoker and nonsmoker. Who will be buying the insurance?

B) What is the expected profit for the insurance company?

Consider the University Database with the following relations:

Professors (pid, pname, dept, ext) Students (sid, sname, major-dept, year)

Courses (cid, cname, dept, credithours)Enrollment (sem-year, sid, cid, grade)

Teaches (pid, cid, sem-year, class-size),

Professors: All professors have professor id (pid), name (pname), department that they work (dept), and a phone number extension for their office (ext). Students: All students have id (sid), name (sname), department for their major (major-dept), and a year (yeari.e, freshman, sophomore, junior, etc). Courses: All courses have a course id (cid), course name (cname), department (dept), and total credit hours(credithours). Enrollment: has a semester year (sem-year), enrolled student id (sid), course id (cid), and grade that student earns (grade). Teaches: has a professor id (pid), course id (cid), semester year (sem-year), and class size (class-size). Attributes “dept” in relations Professors and Courses, and attribute “major-dept” in relation Students have the same domain, and have values like “CDS”, “EE”, “CE”, etc. Attribute “sem-year” has values like “Spring2016”, “Fall2015”, etc. Assume that cids are unique, i.e. if there are multiple sections of a course, each section has a unique cid.

Express the queries below using Relational Algebra.

1.Find sids, names and major-dept of students who enrolled in a course that is taught by professor James. (10 pts)

2.Find pid and names of professors who teach no courses in “Fall2015”. (10 pts)

3.Find cid and cname of courses that are offered by “CDS” department that are taught by professors who are from another department in “Fall2015". (20 pts)

4.Find pid and names of professors who teach only courses offered by “CDS” department. (20 pts)

5.Find pnames and pids of professors who teach every course offered by “CDS” dept. (20 pts)

6.Find sids of students who enroll in “Fall2015” every 3 credit hour course offered by “CDS” department. (20 pts)

7.Find cids and names of courses in which every student majoring in “CDS” enrolled in “Fall2015”. (Bonus question: 10 pts)

Consider the University Database with the following relations:

Professors (pid, pname, dept, ext) Students (sid, sname, major-dept, year)

Courses (cid, cname, dept, credithours) Enrollment (sem-year, sid, cid, grade)

Teaches (pid, cid, sem-year, class-size)

where,

Professors: All professors have professor id (pid), name (pname), department that they work (dept), and a phone number extension for their office (ext).

Students: All students have id (sid), name (sname), department for their major (major-dept), and a year (year i.e, freshman, sophomore, junior, etc).

Courses: All courses have a course id (cid), course name (cname), department (dept), and total credit hours (credithours).

Enrollment: has a semester year (sem-year), enrolled student id (sid), course id (cid), and grade that student earns (grade).

Teaches: has a professor id (pid), course id (cid), semester year (sem-year), and class size (class-size).

Attributes “dept” in relations Professors and Courses, and attribute “major-dept” in relation Students have the same domain, and have values like “CDS”, “EE”, “CE”, etc. Attribute “sem-year” has values like “Spring2016”, “Fall2015”, etc. Assume that cids are unique, i.e. if there are multiple sections of a course, each section has a unique cid. (Please ask for clarifications if you have questions about the relations and/or the semantics of the following queries!).

Express the queries below using Relational Algebra.

1. Find cids and names of courses in which every student majoring in “CDS” enrolled in “Fall2015”.

2. Find sids, names and major-dept of students who enrolled in a course that is taught by professor James. (10 pts)

3. Find pid and names of professors who teach no courses in “Fall2015”. (10 pts)

4. Find cid and cname of courses that are offered by “CDS” department that are taught by professors who are from another department in “Fall2015". (20 pts)

5. Find pid and names of professors who teach only courses offered by “CDS” department. (20 pts)

6. Find pnames and pids of professors who teach every course offered by “CDS” dept. (20 pts)

7. Find sids of students who enroll in “Fall2015” every 3 credit hour course offered by “CDS” department. (20 pts)

Which of the following would be considered a personal contingent liability for a guarantor of a business loan?

A) The individual has subordinated debt to the business.
B) The individual has guaranteed another loan to an unrelated business.
C) The individual is considering borrowing to purchase real estate.
D) The individual is engaged to be married.

Which of the following would be considered a personal contingent liability for a guarantor of a business loan? A) The individual has subordinated debt to the business. B) The individual has guaranteed another loan to an unrelated business. C) The individual is considering borrowing to purchase real estate. D) The individual is engaged to be married.

Problem 2. The US National Park Service (NPS) believes that airborne sulfur pollution and acid rain has significantly reducing the water quality in several lakes and streams in the Adirondacks State Park in NY. Many of these water bodies are considered biologically ‘dead.’ Coal fired power plants in the Midwest contribute most of the pollution. If 70% of the sulfur pollution was removed, the NPS believes that many of the lakes and streams would return to their natural biological state. The costs and benefits associated with this project are as follows:

1. Construction cost for sulfur removal equipment = $300 million for each of the first three years of the project. (During these three years there are no other costs associated with the project.)

2. Operation and maintenance costs = $ 85 million per year (These costs begin to accrue once the project comes on-line in the fourth year. They continue to accrue over the entire life of the equipment, i.e., through the 20th year.)

3. Estimated increase in revenues earned by the Adirondacks State Park = $ 150 million per year (These additional revenues accrue so long as the sulfur reduction equipment is operating.)

4. Reduced incidence of acid rain in the Adirondacks Park area valued at: = $ 2 million per year. (These benefits begin accruing once the project comes on-line and are assumed to continue over an infinitely long time period.) Assume that the discount rate is 3% per year.

Sensitivity analysis: To determine the sensitivity of your conclusion regarding whether the project makes economic sense or not, (a) evaluate the project at a discount rate of 5% per year, and (b) assume that the estimated increase in Park revenues is $130 million per year instead of $150 million per year. You can assume a discount rate of 3% per year for this. What is your conclusion now?

Policy recommendation: Based on all your calculations, what is your overall recommendation regarding this project?

PROBLEM IV Binghamton University is building a recreation center. The estimated construction cost is $12 million with annual staffing and maintenance costs of $750,000 over the 20-year life of the project (ie, t = 0, 1, 2, …, 19). At the end of the life of the project (ie, at t = 19), Binghamton expects to be able to sell the land for $4 million, though the amount could be as low as $2 million and as high as $5 million. Analysts estimate the first-year benefits (accruing at the end of the year of the first year, ie at t =1) to be $1.2 million. They expect the annual benefit to grow in real terms due to increases in population and income. Their prediction is an annual growth rate of 4 percent, but it could be as low as 1 percent or as high as 6 percent. Analysts also estimate the real discount rate for Binghamton to be 6 percent per year, though it could be a percentage point lower or higher.

1. Calculate the present value of net benefits for this project using the analysts’ predictions.

2. Investigate the sensitivity of the present value of net benefits to alternative projections within the ranges given by the analysts. Change only one assumption at a time, and try all possible combinations of assumptions (there are 27 possible combinations).

3. Based on your analysis on parts 1 and 2 of this problem, do you think Binghamton University should build the recreation center?