Under ordinary circumstances: For all babies born in the entire global population, the proportion of male births tends to be consistently a bit higher, than the proportion of female births (Source: WHO - World Health Organization).

In fact: For a randomly sampled individual birth from the global population, the probability that the baby's sex will be male is approximately 51.2%.

Imagine that we will randomly record the sex outcome at birth for 1000 future individual babies from the global population.

We will let random variable X stand for the total number of male births in our sample.

[Note: This problem takes place within the Binomial Setting, and thus we model it using a Binomial Distribution.]

A.) What is the approximate value of P(X≥542) ?

Write your answer as a percentage value, and round to two digits after the decimal point. Include a percent symbol after your answer (no spaces).

B.) A famous mathematical theorem states that the Binomial Distribution in this problem, will be well-approximated by a ___________Distribution.

What single-word, formal distribution name correctly fills-in the blank in this last sentence?

A researcher wonders if the currently-believed global male-births proportion value of approximately p = 51.2% is still correct.

The researcher decides to perform a two-sided significance test, and in advance, chooses a significance-level of 1%.

The researcher then randomly samples the reported birth-sex information for 1000 recent global births, and finds that exactly 551 of these babies were reported to be males.

A.) In percentage form, and rounded to three digits past the decimal point: What is the approximate P-value of this test?

Include a percentage symbol at the end of your numerical answer (with no spaces).

Recall from the previous problems:

In order to study the global proportion of male baby births, a researcher randomly sampled the reported birth-sex information for 1000 recent global births. The researcher found that exactly 551 of these babies were reported to be males.

Using this same sample data, the researcher now decides to build a 99%-level confidence interval for estimating the current true global proportion of male baby births.

In percentage form, and rounded to two digits past the decimal point: What is the approximate value of the Lower Limit of this confidence interval?

A.) Include a percentage symbol at the end of your numerical answer (with no spaces).

B.) In percentage form, and rounded to two digits past the decimal point: What is the approximate value of the Upper Limit of this confidence interval?

Include a percentage symbol at the end of your numerical answer (with no spaces).

C.) In percentage form, and rounded to two digits past the decimal point: What is the approximate value of the Margin of Error for this confidence interval?

Include a percentage symbol at the end of your numerical answer (with no spaces).

C.) Suppose the researcher now wishes that they had instead built a confidence interval still having this same 99% confidence level, but with a margin of error no greater than 1%.

To achieve these new specifications: The researcher intends in the future, to draw a completely new random sample of reported birth-sex information for recent global births.

D.) What minimum sample size will the researcher need to draw, in order to achieve these new confidence interval specifications?

(Note: Your answer should be a whole number here. Do not include any commas in the number.)

Integrated Case - Mutual of Chicago Insurance Company

9-23 Stock Valuation Robert Balik and Carol Kiefer are senior Vice presidents of the mutual of Chicago Insurance Company. They are codirectors of the company;s pension funds management division, with Balik having responsibility for fixed-income securities, (primarily bonds) and Keifer being responsible for equity investments. A major new client, the California League of Cities, has requested that Mutual of Chicago present an investment seminar to the mayors of the represented cities; Balik and Leifer, who will make the actual presentation, have asked you to help them.

To Illustrate the common stock valuation process, Balik and Kiefer have asked you to analyze the Bon Temps Company, an employment agency that supplies word processor operators and computer programmers to businesses with temporarily heavy workloads. You are to answer the following questions.

a. Describe briefly the legal rights and privileges to common stockholders.

b.

1. Write a formula that can be used to value stock, regardless of the dividend pattern.

2. What is constant growth stock? How are constant groth stocks valued?

3. What are the implications if a company forecasts a constant g that exceeds its r _s? Will many stocks have expected g>r_s in the short run (i.e. for the next few years)? In the long run (i.e. forever)?

c. Assume that Bon Temps has a Beta coefficient of 1.2, that the risk-free rate (yield on the T bonds) is 3%, and that the required rate of return on the market is 8%. What is Bon Temp's required rate of return?

d. Assume that Bon Temps is a constant growth company whose last dividend (D₀, which was paid yesterday) was $2.00 and whose dividends expected to grow indefinitely at a 4% rate.

1. What is the firms expected dividend stream over the next 3 years?

2. What is the current stock price?

3. What is the stock's expected value 1 year from now?

4. What are the expected dividend yield, capital gains yield, and total return during the first year?

e. Now assume that the stock is currently selling at $40.00. What is the expected rate of return?

f. What would the stock price be if its dividends were expected to have zero growth?

g. Now assume that Bon Temp's dividend is expected to grow 30% the first year, 20% the second year, 10% the third year, and return to its long- run constant growth rate of 4%. What is the stocks value under these conditions? What are its expected dividend and capital gains in year 1? year 4?

h. Suppose Bon Temps is expected to experience zero growth during the first 3 years and the resume its steady-state growth of 4% in the fourth year. What would be its value then? What would its expected dividend and capital gains yields in year 1? year 4?

i. Finally assume that Bon Temp's earnings and dividends are expected to decline at a constant rate of 4% per year that is g+ 4%. Why would anyone be willing to buy such a stock, and at what price should it sell? What would be its dividend and capital gains yield each year?

Pt-1 Jennifer Hoffman is a 33-year-old female brought to the Emergency Department by her neighbor. She has a history of asthma since childhood with multiple emergency visits within the last year. She appears to be in respiratory distress, struggling to breathe. She is unable to speak other than simple one-word statements. An infusion of normal saline has been started at a keep-open rate.

PT-2 A 52-year-old patient has just arrived in the Emergency Department with complaints of severe abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting over the last few days. His abdomen is distended. He has poor skin turgor and dry mucous membranes. He has not urinated since yesterday. He has felt "dizzy" and "weak" all evening. He thought it might be the flu, but decided to come in because the stomach pains were getting worse. He has signed informed consent for treatment and labs have been drawn.

PT 3-Situation: Mrs. Morrow is an obese, 80-year-old white female who developed a venous stasis ulcer on her right medial malleolus while still living at home. She moved into our skilled nursing home care facility 3 days ago. The current plan of care is focused on promoting wound healing, improving venous return, and preventing skin breakdown.

Background: Mrs. Morrow has a past medical history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), chronic venous insufficiency, and deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Peripheral arterial disease is ruled out by duplex ultrasound. Her daughter had her admitted to this skilled nursing home care facility due to concern for her safety with impaired mobility, an unhealthy diet, and inability to adequately care for herself at home.

Assessment: Mrs. Morrow is alert and oriented, but sometimes forgetful of recent events. Vital signs have been within normal limits and are performed weekly. Results from yesterday's labs are in the chart. She is on a regular diet with nutritional supplement and has been eating the majority of her meals since admission. She requires assistance with positioning in bed and assistance times 1 to get out of bed to the chair or ambulate. Her gait is unsteady, and she is easily fatigued. Her Braden Scale score is 16, and her skin is intact except for the venous stasis ulcer on the right medial malleolus. She has brown hyperpigmentation on both lower legs with +2 edema. The venous stasis ulcer is covered with a hydrocolloid dressing, which is due to be changed. In preparation for her dressing change, she was medicated for pain half an hour ago.

1.Create a plan of care for each patient ranking at lease 2 problems in order of priorty(include goals, interventions and evaluation methods),

2. List 5 (or more) education topics related to each patient’s current status.

Include how the topics shall be taught (I.e. give patient literature or demonstration by nurse).

Include statements about how each of the education topics should be evaluated for patient comprehension?

Case Study 1

A small group of dockworkers in California, working for Topside Industries, an international shipping company, was being investigated concerning its involvement in a theft. The theft itself was a rather simple operation. The dock hands unloading foreign-made products acted in collusion with their supervisors in order to steal certain items, which they marked on official invoices as “missing” or “damaged” due to shipping. They later sold the items on the black market and split the money between the conspirators. The fraud was discovered when Longstreet Enterprises’ Asian subsidiary contacted Meade about an unusual number of microwaves that were lost during shipment from Korea to Long Beach.

Young Mr. Sherman, the newest member of Meade’s security team, decided to simultaneously interview Mr. Lee and Mr. Jackson, two dockworkers, concerning their involvement in the fraud.

Never having actually met Sherman, Lee and Jackson were simply instructed to wait in the “interrogation” room in the security shop. Lee and Jackson arrived promptly at 8 a.m., dressed in their work clothes, and were seated. Via the intercom, they were told not to leave until Sherman gave them explicit permission to do so. Sherman did not enter the room until 9:30 a.m. He was escorted into the room by a burly security guard carrying a nightstick.

Lee, annoyed at Sherman’s tardiness, blurted out, “Hey, man, we have to get back to work. I’m not getting paid for time off the dock!”

Sherman made no reply. He only paced the room for what seemed an eternity to Jackson. Finally, Sherman moved deliberately and directly over to a chair on Lee and Jackson’s side of the table. Sherman pulled his chair within inches of the two men being interrogated and straddled the chair so that the back of the chair supported his arms.

“Lee, do you know what they did with pirates in pre-colonial Virginia?” asked Sherman. Lee shrugged a little bit and was struggling for an answer when Sherman interrupted. “They were executed in the gallows, and then their bodies were hung in iron cages on the shores of the bay as an example to would-be thieves and pirates. Not a pretty picture, is it, Lee?” Lee was at a visible loss for words.

Pulling two pens and two pieces of paper from his coat pocket and slamming them onto the table, Sherman raised his voice and said, “Now let’s cut through the crap. You dockies are guilty as hell. We’ve got a paper trail a mile long to prove it along with surveillance tapes and written confessions from Hill and Grant. Do yourselves a favor and write out your confessions. If you don’t, I might just have to leave you here with Bruno. And if you physically assault him and he beats you silly, well then it’ll be your word against his, comprende? Oh, yeah, you’ll still be under investigation for grand theft.”

1. Name at least three mistakes that Sherman made in interviewing Lee and Jackson?

Scientific Proof that ‘Metabo-Herb’ causes your tomatoes to grow faster than ‘Super-Grow.’ Decades of scientific research has resulted in the development of a new plant fertilizer that promotes plant growth better than any other product on the market—including ‘Super Grow.’ ‘Metabo-Herb’ is a clinically formulated fertilizer that is scientifically proven to outperform all other products. We don’t just say that our product is better, we prove it! The following experiment provides definitive, scientific proof of the superiority of ‘Metabo-Herb’ over ‘Super-Grow. Two side by side one-acre fields were planted with the same variety of tomatoes. One of the fields was fertilized with ‘Metabo-Herb,’ the other was not. At the end of the season, plants were randomly sampled from each field and compared with respect to growth (plant height). The differences in growth between the plants are amazing and scientifically proven! A statistically significant difference in plant height between the groups proves the superiority of ‘Metabo-Herb” over our competitors. Growth (height in inches) ‘Metabo-Herb’ Without 48 39 52 31 43 36 49 29 50 37 37 39 51 36 47 34 48 37 42 38 53 33 50 43 29 32 48 29 47 26 Mean 46 35 Plants fertilized with Metabo-Herb grew on average 11 inches taller than those without. These data scientifically prove the superiority of Metabo-Herb over Super Grow. But don’t take our word for it—Listen to what gardeners around the country have to say about our product: I’ve never had such tall plants—Metabo-Herb made my garden the envy of the town. -Billy J. (Winchester, TN) My tomatoes have never grown so fast! -Nancy C. (Harrell, SD) After using Metabo-Herb, I’ll never use anything else. -Andrew S. (Southampton, MD) My tomato plants are the biggest I’ve ever had...just look at them! -Johnny V. (Yucca, AZ) In addition to be scientifically proven to be more effective than our competitors, Metabo-Herb is less expensive! For $49.98 you can order a 40 pound bag of Metabo-Herb—just put it on your garden and watch your plants grow like never before. Don’t Delay, Send only $49.98 to: Fleece-You Enterprises Swindler Lane Deceit, RI 70725 Metabo-Herb Activity—Critical Question Sets What specific claims do the manufactures make about their product? Explain why it is important that all individuals—not just scientists—have a clear understanding of science as a method of inquiry. Identify the following components of the study: Control Group: Experimental Group: Dependent Variable: Independent Variable: Controlled Variable(s): What comments/questions do you think scientists who review the work might have for the researchers who conducted this study? Also describe one universal rule (e.g., gravity,diffusion, energy conversions, etc.) that you believe a human body obeys, explain how it accomplishes that feat, and describe how you know it to be true.

The wage-schooling locus is

Which statement is FALSE of the genetic code?

a) it contains a list of codons and the amino acids they code for which combine together to form proteins

b) a total of 20 amino acids are coded for by more than 20 codons

c) a codon 'word' consists of three nucleotides, and each codon codes for one amino acid

d) different codons can code for the same amino acid, if they share the same first two nucleotides in the codon

e) the third nucleotide in the codon needs to be precise for the correct amino acid according to the wobble hypothesis

What is natural hybridization between species?

a) the process of producing DNA clones by inserting the genes from one species into another

b) the process of individuals from dissimilar groups mating and forming viable offspring

c) the process of individuals that are genetically identical mating and creating genetically variable offspring

d) the process of amplifying small regions of DNA into millions of copies within a short period of time

e) none of these are true

After the process of meiosis is completed to form sperm and egg cells, they come together to created fertilized human cell which is..

a) diploid

b) haploid

c) a zygote

d) triploid

e) both A & C

What is NOT a physical characteristic of DNA?

a) double helix

b) antiparallel

c) complimentary base pairing

d) single stranded

e) has thymine bases

What is the direction of the flow of information within cells?

a) proteins, RNA, DNA

b) DNA, proteins, RNA

c) DNA, RNA, proteins

d) RNA, DNA, proteins

What is the difference between restriction enzymes (REs) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR)?

a) REs are used to create millions of copies of DNA, PCR is involved in inserting DNA from one place to another

b) REs are used in cell regeneration, PCR is used in inserting fragments into bacterial plasmids

c) REs help cut DNA into smaller fragments, PCR is used to transfer foreign DNA from viruses

d) RE's cut DNA at specific sequences of nucleotides, PCR is used to amplify a certain section of DNA into millions of copies

e) RE's use the Cas-9 enzyme, PCR uses the CRISPR enzyme

In fruit flies, eye color is a sex-linked gene, where red color is dominant to the mutation causing white eyes. If a red-eyed male mated with a white-eyed female, what will the phenotypes of the offspring be?

a) all of the females will have red eyes, all the males will have white

b) all of the females will have white eyes, all of the males with have red

c) all of the offspring will have red eyes

d) all of the offspring will have white eyes

Which is TRUE of a DNA mutation?

a) is a change in the nucleotide sequence

b) always results in a change in the protein

c) may change the protein IF the change in nucleotide sequence occurs inside of a gene AND changes the amino acid of a codon

d) all of the above

e) A & C only

True or False: DNA methylation is a type of epigenetic change which can alter gene expression, even though there is no mutation in the genetic sequence itself.

Client Profile

Ashlee is a 4 year old preschooler who lives with her parents and two older siblings in a suburban environment. She attends preschool five mornings a week and enjoys playing with her 5 year old sister and 7 year old brother. She is very active and enjoys playing outside, riding her tricycle, climbing on the family's jungle gym, and playing on the swing set. Her vocabulary consists of approximately 1,500 words and she speaks using four or five word sentences. Her parents are very attentive to their children and spend each weekend doing "family activities". During the week, her parents work, and Ashlee and her siblings stay with their grandmother after school. Their grandmother lives in the same neighborhood. In the evenings, the family eats together and maintains an evening schedule that allows for family play time.

Case Study

During the past 2 months, Ashlee has been less active than usual and has begun taking one or two naps in the afternoon. Her grandmother and parents think she looks pale, reasoning that it is because of her high activity level, until her interest in going outside to play decreases dramatically. When they take her temperature, it is elevated so they administer acetaminophen without effect. At this point they decide to take her to see her pediatrician. Although the health care provider found Ashlee's manifestations consistent with an upper respiratory infection, the pediatrician is concerned and decides to admit Ashlee to the hospital for tests to rule out leukemia.

Questions 1. Her admission vital signs are: Temperature: 38° C (100.4° F) Pulse: 120 beats/minute Respirations: 28 breaths/minute Blood pressure: 100/60 And her admission complete blood count reveals: Hemoglobin: 11 g/dL Hematocrit: 31% Erythrocyte count: 4.6 million Platelet count: 100 (x103 mm3 ) White blood cell count: 23.0 Neutrophils: 16% Lymphocytes: 10% Monocytes: 5% Eosinophils: 1% Basophils: 0.03%

1. Discuss the significance of Ashlee's vital signs and laboratory findings.

2. The tests confirm a diagnosis of acute lymphocytic leukemia. How do you explain this to Ashlee’s parents? They ask you her chances of survival?

3. Identify at least 4 nursing priorities for Ashlee.

4. Discuss the factors that affect Ashlee's prognosis.

5. Ashlee's chemotherapy regimen is started and the oncologist prescribes that she receive ondansetron 2.5 mg IV prior to chemotherapy and the same dose every 4 hours for 24 hours. In addition, she prescribes lorazepam 0.84 mg IV q6h PRN for breakthrough nausea. Discuss these prescriptions including drug classifications, when medications should be administered, special considerations when administering drugs, and safe dosage for Ashlee, who weighs 16.7 kg (36.7 lb).

6. Discuss Ashlee's level of growth and development and how her treatment may impact this.

7. How would you work with Ashlee's parents to help prevent complications associated with her growth and development?

Vintage Time Ltd, is a company which sells antiques of all kinds. The company which is owned
and run by Rose Gareses, is a new client of your Audit firm and you have been placed in change
of the 28 February 2019 year-end audit. In gathering information about the business, you noted
the following.

The company obtains its stock in a number of ways.
Auctions are attended at which specific items and antique bales are purchased. When a bale is
purchased, the buyer bids a single price on a number of items and must take whatever is in the
“bales”. Each “bales” contains assorted items of varying values, some items being worthless.

Two buyers, who are experts in the field of antiques, travel widely, visiting second hand
furniture shops in different country villages and towns. These purchases are always made for
cash, often with minimal accompanying documentation.
Rose travels to Angola to purchase cheap antiques, generally these items sell successfully, but
there have been occasions when the items have had to be sold below cost.
Before being placed on the showroom floor, most items are repaired, renovated and cleaned in
the restoration department.
All items placed on the showroom floor have a price tag attached but this price is not necessarily
adhered to. Customers can negotiate prices and large discounts are given if the customer pays
cash, particularly for items which have been on the floor for long periods. Credit cards are
accepted and e wallet services.

At 28 February 2019, Vintage Time (Pty) Ltd will have a material debtors balance. The debtors
vary from large interior decorating companies to private individuals. No formal creditworthiness
checks are done on prospective customers and there is no credit limit set. To open an account a
customer must pay a negotiable cash deposit on the first purchase and must be interviewed by
Rose.
She explained it to you as follows, “People who buy antiques usually really want what they are
buying and are prepared to pay. They feel they must have it. Mark ups are high and if they take a
while to pay, so what?
Where a sale is made on account or is paid for by credit card, an invoice is written out, and if the
sale is for cash, a receipt is made out if the customer requests it.
Susan Mwaee, the bookkeeper, manually writes up a debtor’s ledger and a simple stock “ledger”.
The stock “ledger” contains a description of the item and its selling price. After the item is sold it
is crossed out in the stock “ledger” and the word “sold” inserted next to the deletion.
Vintage Time’s overdraft at First Bank Limited has climbed steadily over the year under audit,
and Rose has indicated that unless sales improve over the next few months, he will have to
retrench one or more of his craftsmen in the restoration department. A number of discussions
have been held with First Bank Limited, who have expressed concern about the financial
position, and are awaiting the audited financial statements.

REQUIRED:
Assess the audit risk at the financial statement level and assertion level relating to the audit of
Vintage (Pty) Ltd.(35Marks)