Under what situation do Monetarist recommend the Government increase government spending?

Founded in 1837, Cincinnati-based Procter & Gamble has long been one of the world's most international companies. Today P&G is a global colossus in the consumer products business with annual sales in excess of $50 billion, some 54 percent of which are generated outside of the United States. P&G sells more than 300 brandsincluding Ivory soap, Tide, Pampers, IAM pet food, Crisco, and Folgers-to consumers in 160 countries. Historically the strategy at P&G was well established. The company developed new products in Cincinnati and then relied on semiautonomous foreign subsidiaries to manufacture, market, and distribute those products in different nations. In many cases, foreign subsidiaries had their own production facilities and tailored the packaging, brand name, and marketing message to local tastes and preferences. For years this strategy delivered a steady stream of new products and reliable growth in sales and profits. By the 1990s, however, profit growth at P&G was slowing. The essence of the problem was simple; P&G's costs were too high because of extensive duplication of manufacturing, marketing, and administrative facilities in different national subsidiaries. The duplication of assets made sense in the world of the 1960s, when national markets were segmented from each other by barriers to crossborder trade. Products produced in Great Britain, for example, could not be sold economically in Germany due to high tariff duties levied on imports into Germany. By the 1980s, however, barriers to cross-border trade were falling rapidly worldwide and fragmented national markets were merging into larger regional or global markets. Also, the retailers through which P&G distributed its products were growing larger and more global, such as Wal-Mart, Tesco from the United Kingdom, and Carrefour from France. These emerging global retailers were demanding price discounts from P&G. In the 1990s P&G embarked on a major reorganization in an attempt to control its cost structure and recognize the new reality of emerging global markets. The company shut down some 30 manufacturing plants around the globe, laid off 13,000 employees, and concentrated production in fewer plants that could better realize economies of scale and serve regional markets. It wasn't enough! Profit growth remained sluggish so in 1999 P&G launched its second reorganization of the decade. Named "Organization 2005;' the goal was to transform P&G into a truly global company. The company tore up its old organization, which was based on countries and regions, and replaced it with one based on seven self-contained global business units, ranging from baby care to food products. Each business unit was given complete responsibility for generating profits from its products, and for manufacturing, marketing, and product development. Each business unit was told to rationalize production, concentrating it in fewer larger facilities; to try to build global brands wherever possible, thereby eliminating marketing difference between countries; and to accelerate the development and launch of new products. P&G announced that as a result of this initiative, it would close another 10 factories and lay off 15,000 employees, mostly in Europe where there was still extensive duplication of assets. The annual cost savings were estimated to be about $800 million. P&G planned to use the savings to cut prices and increase marketing spending in an effort to gain market share, and thus further lower costs through the attainment of scale economies. This time the strategy seemed to be working. For most of the 2000s P&G reported strong growth in both sales and profits. Significantly, P&G's global competitors, such as Unilever, Kimberly-Clark, and Colgate-Palmolive, were struggling during the same time period. 1. What strategy was Procter & Gamble pursuing when it first entered foreign markets in the period up until the 1980s? 2. Why do you think this strategy became less viable in the 1990s? 3. What strategy does P&G appear to be moving toward? What are the benefits of this strategy? What are the potential risks associated with it?

Below is the Debtors ageing analysis of GOMA LTD as at the year ending 31/12/2018

GOMA LIMITED - DEBTORS AGE ANAYLSIS SHEET AS AT 31/12 2018

TOTAL                1,389,000       127,000             232,000         141,000           371,000       518,000

After a review of the Debtors Ageing Analysis it was agreed as follows

1. 2 years and above
2. a) 50% of balances falling in the above period of the undermentioned debtors should be written of

NNM LTD

RPTY LTD

YOU LTD

NOMAN LTD

CMMT LTD

1. b) 100% of balances falling in the above period of the undermentioned debtors should be written of

GOMT LTD

WOGAN LTD

1. More than 1yr Less than 2 yrs

20% of balances falling in the above period of the undermentioned debtors should be written off.

JJMT LTD

POMOTY LTD

NANCY LTD

1. More than 3mths, less than 6 mths

Due to some defect in some goods sold the following balances are to be written off

VAEG LTD GH₵10,000

KOMA LTD GH₵2,000

1. Specific provisions should be made on the following balances

RATMAN LTD            GH₵2,000

RANCH LTD              GH₵2,000

ADANSE LTD            GH₵3,000

1. A 10% general provision should be made on all outstanding balances
2. Balance on the provision for Bad Debts Account as at 1/1/2018 was GH₵ 80,000

Required

1) Adjust and Prepare the Debtors Ageing analysis Sheet and determine

i) Total balance for 2 years and above

ii) Total balance on More than 1yr Less than 2 yrs

iii) Total balance on 6 months to1yr  

iv) Total balance on More than 3mths, less than 6 mths

2) Determine the Bad Debt to be charged to the Profit and Loss Account

3) Determine the Provision for Bad Debts to be charged to the Profit and Loss Account

4) Prepare the Balance Sheet Extracts for Debtors and Provision for Bad Debts under Current Assets as at 31/12/2018.

A Bloomberg Businessweek subscriber study asked, "In the past 12 months, when traveling for business, what type of airline ticket did you purchase most often?" A second question asked if the type of airline ticket purchased most often was for domestic or international travel. Sample data obtained are shown in the following table.

Compute the value of the test statistic (to 2 decimals).

A Bloomberg BusinessWeek subscriber study asked, "In the past 12 months, when traveling for business, what type of airline ticket did you purchase most often?" A second question asked if the type of airline ticket purchased most often was for domestic or international travel. Sample data obtained are shown in the following table.

Compute the value of the  ² test statistic (to 2 decimals)

You are manager of a district that has just hired several recent university and college graduates. Most of these people are starting their first full-time job, although most or all have held part-time and summer positions in the past. They have general knowledge of their particular skill area (accounting, engineering, marketing, etc.) but know relatively little about specific business practices and developments. Explain how you would nurture the self-concepts in these new hires to strengthen their performance and maintain their psychological well-being.

(BASH) Say I have an array of strings with about 100 numbers ranging in length from 3-6 that represent some sort of ID. Within the array of strings, there are some duplicates numbers. What I am trying to do is represent only the top 12 numbers in the form (ID, count occurence) where its ranked by the count occurrences. So the first number would not be the ID with the most digits but it would be the one with the most occurrences.  Is there a way to do this with AWK , begin? or how could i approach this problem?

You are offered an investment that will make three payments. The first payment of $5600 will occur four years from today. The second of $6700 will occur in five years, and the third of $7800 will follow in seven years. If you earn 11.1% what is the most this investment is worth today?

First, please summarize the current monetary policy stance of the Federal Reserve, and the decisions announced at the most recent FOMC meeting.

Second, discuss their likely implications in the aggregate supply-aggregate demand framework. Make reference to specific passages or pages in the textbook in your answer.

1. Briefly discuss the folowing ethical theories:

Egoism, Utilitarianism, Kant and Deontology, Deontological Ethics, First Formula of the Categorical Imperative, Seond Formula of the Categorical Imperative, Virtue Ethics.

2. Which would be most applicable in addressing accounting ethical dilemmas, why?