In Java, What is gained by having a Tail reference/pointer in your Linked List?

A. The tail is superfluous and offers no benefits

B. The tail allows us to speed up a few operations and gives us an end point to look for

C.Since we have head and tail we can now do a Binary Search on the list

D. It only makes deleting from the end of the list faster

Execusmart Consultants has provided business consulting services for several years. The company has been using the percentage of credit sales method to estimate bad debts but switched at the end of the first quarter this year to the aging of accounts receivable method. The company entered into the following partial list of transactions.

1. During January, the company provided services for $300,000 on credit.
2. On January 31, the company estimated bad debts using 1 percent of credit sales.
3. On February 4, the company collected $150,000 of accounts receivable.
4. On February 15, the company wrote off a $650 account receivable.
5. During February, the company provided services for $250,000 on credit.
6. On February 28, the company estimated bad debts using 1 percent of credit sales.
7. On March 1, the company loaned $11,000 to an employee, who signed a 12% note due in 3 months.
8. On March 15, the company collected $650 on the account written off one month earlier.
9. On March 31, the company accrued interest earned on the note.
10. On March 31, the company adjusted for uncollectible accounts, based on the following aging analysis, which includes the preceding transactions (as well as others not listed). Prior to the adjustment, Allowance for Doubtful Accounts had an unadjusted credit balance of $8,000.

Required:

1. For items (a)–(j), analyze the amount and direction (+ or –) of effects on specific financial statement accounts and the overall accounting equation. TIP: In item (j), you must first calculate the desired ending balance before adjusting the Allowance for Doubtful Accounts. (Do not round intermediate calculations. Enter any decreases to Assets, Liabilities, or Stockholders Equity with a minus sign.

Let's say we are planning on adding a very large modern sign to attract customers to our marijuana and tattoo shop that we run just north of Denver. We've completed a ton of market analysis and we are fairly confident that the sign will increase sales by $50,000 per year for the first two years, and then we think it will result in an increase of $35,000 per year for the next four years. The margins we earn on our sales of marijuana is 70% and the margins we earn on our tattoos is 40%. We expect that the incremental sales resulting from the sign will be split 50-50 between marijuana products and tattoo services.

The sign will cost us $110, 000 and the company has no debt. The owners of the company expect to earn 15% on the funds they invest in the company. After six years, the sign will likely be taken down and sold for scrap to yield $5,000.

Calculate the net present value. Ignore taxes.

3. The maximum amount of invetment risk someone with a high risk tolerance but less than one year in time horizon should take is

a. an aggressive position.

b. a moderately aggressive position.

c. a moderate position.

d. a conservative position.

5. A financial planner who is worried that interest rates will increase should

a. increase the duration of client bond portfolios.

b. decrease the yield earned on fixed-income investments.

c. increase the average maturuity with bond portfolios.

d. decrease the duration of client bond portfolios.

6. Jamie is in the 25% combined federal and state tax bracket. She is considering purchasing either a corporate bond that yields 5.0% or a municipal bond from the state where she resides. She should purchase the corporate bond, assuming the credit quality was the same, if the municipal bond

a. yields more than 6.7%.

b. Yields more than 3.75%.

c. yields more than 5.0%.

d. yields less than 3.75%.

A university surveyed recent graduates of the English Department for their starting salaries. Four hundred graduates returned the survey. The average salary was $25,000. The population standard deviation was $2,500. What is the 90% confidence interval for the mean salary of all graduates from the English Department?

A) [$24,794, $25,206]

B) [$24,988, $25,012]

C) [$22,500, $27,500]

D) [$24,755, $25,245]

C# programming

Write a number guessing game using System.Collections.Generic.Dictionary.

• Generate 10 distinct random numbers in the range of 1 to 20. Each random number is associated with a prize money (from 1 to 10000). Use a Dictionary to store the mapping between the random number and the prize money.
• Ask user for two distinct numbers, a and b, both from 1 to 20; if a and b are not distinct, or out of range, quit the program
• Lookup the prize money from both numbers and print out the sum via "You earned XXXX in total!". If the table does not contain the number, assume the prize money is 0.

e.g. Suppose we generate the following random numbers and penalty money:

If a user guess 5 and 3, we output "You earned 234 in total!"

If a user guess 1 and 13, we output "You earned 335 in total!"

If a user guess 1 and 1, quit

* Please use seeded random generation to help you debug your code, i.e. "Random rand = new Random(0);"

**You may have the following properties/methods useful: Count, ContainsKey, Add

Please copy and paste the final working program here:

summerize this in less than 500 words

Negligence is a legitimate hypothesis that must be demonstrated before you can consider an individual or organization lawfully liable for the damage you endured. Demonstrating negligence is needed in many cases from mishaps or wounds, for example, fender benders or "slip and fall" cases. Negligence claims must demonstrate four things in court: duty, breach, causation, and damages/hurt. The steps: 1: Duty While surveying a negligence guarantee, the initial step is to hope to see whether the respondent owed the offended party a lawful duty of care. In certain conditions, the connection between the offended party and litigant may make a lawful duty - for example, a specialist owes a patient a legitimate duty to provide that person with able clinical consideration. Or then again, the respondent may owe the offended party a legitimate duty to act with sensible consideration in a specific circumstance - similar to the situation when one is relied upon to work an engine vehicle securely and with a specific degree of due consideration. In the lawful setting, duty is a legitimate commitment, and there are two sorts of duty to consider: - Duty of Care intends to go about as any sensible individual would under specific conditions. - Special Duty of Care is forced by rule, and may exist either notwithstanding, or instead of the standard duty of care. As such, it's the point at which somebody is committed to act in a manner a normal individual isn't really expected or committed to do. Duty" is straightforwardly associated with "negligence" because when somebody is playing out her or his duty appropriately, that individual isn't being careless. 2: Breach of Duty Next, the court will hope to see whether the litigant breached this duty by doing (or not accomplishing something) that a "sensibly judicious individual" would do under comparative conditions. The expression "sensibly judicious individual" alludes to a lawful standard that speaks to how the normal individual would capably act in a specific circumstance. Expressed just, the respondent probably will be discovered careless if the normal individual, recognizing what the litigant knew at that point, would have realized that somebody may have been harmed because of their activities - and would have acted uniquely in contrast to the litigant did in that circumstance. plainly when there is a breach of duty, there is a level of negligence included. Breach of duty is key in how to demonstrate negligence. While deciding the level of the breach, things start to get muddled. The offended party must show that the respondent missed the mark concerning the desires for duty under the pertinent conditions. All in all, the litigant neglected to act with sensible consideration. 3: Causation The third component necessitates that the offended party show that the litigant's negligence really caused their physical issue. Certainly, somebody may be acting carelessly, however the offended party can possibly recuperate if this negligence by one way or another causes the injury. For instance, it wouldn't be reasonable for sue somebody who was carelessly messaging and driving for an absolutely disconnected minor collision that happened right over the road - because the driver was careless. Another part of this component takes a gander at whether the litigant could sensibly have predicted that their activities may cause a physical issue. On the off chance that the litigant's activities by one way or another caused the offended party injury through a random, unforeseen demonstration of nature, the injury would in all probability be considered unforeseeable - and the respondent won't almost certainly be discovered at risk. Otherwise called "cause indeed," genuine cause is a clear cause of something, For instance, somebody stumbles on an electrical string and falls while visiting a neighbor. So the neighbor, as the property holder, may be answerable for the fall. May not be the primary function that set moving a grouping of functions that prompted a physical issue, and it may not be the absolute last function before the injury happens. Rather, it is an activity that created predictable consequences without intercession from any other individual. Was the genuine cause negligence with respect to the respondent, straightforward as can be, or were there relieving factors? In the event that there is equivocalness, this probably goes to proximate cause. 4. Proximate Cause In law, a proximate cause is a function with enough significance to a physical issue for the courts to regard that function the cause of that injury. This idea is trickier to clarify and decide than real cause, so states by and large use either the "however for" or the "considerable factor" test. - Would the injury have happened however for the litigant's careless activity or absence of activity? When there is a finding that a physical issue would not have occurred yet for a litigant's activities, this is because of proximate cause. - Similarly, with considerable factor, the choice depends on whether the respondent's activities (or scarcity in that department) were a significant factor in causing the injury. On account of the electrical rope above, clearly somebody was careless for having left the rope such that made stumbling likely. In any case, was it the flaw of the property holder, who probably positioned the gadget associated with the line? Assuming this is the case, was that mortgage holder completely answerable for extending the rope in a risky manner, or would someone say someone was else included too? It may have been a reckless relative, however maybe it was cover cleaners who had come as of late and were careless in their duty of care. 5: Damages The last component of a negligence case is "damages." This component necessitates that the court have the option to repay the offended party for their physical issue - as a rule through money related pay for costs, for example, clinical consideration or property fix. Damages are the result of a litigant's direct as dictated by a court. The Legal Information Institute characterizes damages as, "the entirety of cash the law forces for a breach of some duty or infringement of some right." Suing for damages is tied in with attempting to recoup pay for hurt done–for the most part close to home injury or harm to property. The offended party is suing for a cure as a money related honor to be paid as remuneration for loss or injury. Negligence guarantees frequently include working with an offended party, a respondent, and their individual protection providers. This is a perplexing arrangement of cycles that probably will require the administrations of a lawyer. Examples: - Slip and fall mishaps (somebody falls on your property and cases the fall was caused by a security risk, for example, a frigid walkway) - Medical negligence, (for example, blunders in regulating sedation, botches during labor, misdiagnosis of ailments, and so on) - Motor vehicle mishaps (absence of care in driving cars, cruisers, trucks, and so on) Negligence misdeeds vary from purposeful misdeeds, for example, bogus detainment, intruding, and misrepresentation. As per USLegal.com, a purposeful misdeed is "a common wrong that happens when the miscreant takes part in deliberate lead that outcomes in damages to another. There are likewise total (or severe) risk misdeeds, where causation is sure. These incorporate inadequate items, assaults by perilous creatures, and comparable circumstances. Law Shelf characterizes severe risk as, "obligation that doesn't rely upon genuine negligence however that depends on the breach of a flat out duty to make something safe.

You have recently been hired by Intersoll Motors Inc. (IMI) in its relatively new treasury management department. IMI was founded eight years ago by Geoff Boycott. Geoff found a method to manufacture a cheaper battery that will hold a larger charge, giving a car powered by the battery a range of 700 km before requiring a charge. The cars manufactured by IMI are midsized and carry a price that allows the company to compete with other mainstream auto manufacturers. The company is privately owned by Geoff and his family and it had sales of $97 million last year. Cost of goods sold totalled $80M and depreciation was $2M.

IMI’s growth to date has come from its profit. When the company had sufficient capital, it would expand production. Relatively little formal analysis has been used in its capital budgeting process. Geoff has just read about capital budgeting technique and has come to you for help. For starters, the company has never attempted to determine its cost of capital, and Geoff would like you to perform the analysis. Because the company is privately owned and not yet publicly traded, base all weights on the book values instead of the market values.

IMI’s capital is made up of a bank loan and owner’s equity. It has a 15-year loan for 8,000,000 with an APR of 13.15% based on semi-annual compounding. IMI has been paying 100,200 monthly for 8 years. Geoff receives a salary in the form of an equity dividend of $1M per year. This amount is expected to grow at 3% per year indefinitely. His required return on equity is 20%. The firm’s marginal tax rate is 35% and this is expected to continue indefinitely.

1. What is IMI’s outstanding debt value? Calculate the book value of debt as the amount still owing on the bank loan.

2. What is the value of the unlevered firm? The levered firm?

3. Determine IMI’s yearly cost of capital based on book values. (Find the after-tax WACC using the

   yearly cost of debt)

4. Would the firm benefit from increasing its debt? Why? (No calculation necessary)

5. In a real-world situation, why might firms choose to avoid debt? (No calculation necessary)