A11: EDITING PUNCTUATION (PART 2)

With Track Changes turned on, edit the punctuation errors in the following sentences. I have told you how many errors are in each sentence. Then, using the comment feature in Microsoft Word, note the section number from the Chicago Manual of Style that supports each edit and write a short explanation of why the edit is needed. I’ve included an example for you so you can see how I would like your answers formatted. All of the answers come from Chapter 6 of the Chicago Manual of Style. I’ll give you 0.5 points for each correct edit and 0.5 points for your comment that notes the correct section of the manual and provides a short explanation. (Questions adapted from RPW Chapter 16)

EXAMPLE     (2 errors) If you want to make them resent you,[SJ1] ignore them when your children scream for attention.[SJ2]

1. (3 errors) Murray’s book provides a lot of useful information including: performance graphs, helpful hints, company listings by performance, and general rules for successful investing. The book contains ratings of over four hundred companies with detailed information on the most important aspects of company performance.
2. (2 errors) If a new firm gets into trouble the venture capitalist may have to replace managers (or even founding entrepreneurs), to get the company back on the road to success.
3. (3 errors) Sacco and Vanzetti who may have been innocent were executed in 1927 seven years after their conviction.
4. (2 errors) Of all the short stories I’ve read—and I’ve read many!—, I have enjoyed Flannery O’Connor’s “A Good Man Is Hard to Find”.
5. (2 errors) The years 1975-1979 involved the birth and growth of the summer blockbuster and many happy moviegoers discovered a love of cinema during this time.
6. (1 error) The number of elderly people is already large and there will be a large increase in the number of people who will be faced with decisions about their care.
7. (2 errors) All the first-year students, who are on academic probation, are required to see the dean.
8. (1 error) As competition has increased and firms have become mass producers of small products some industries have moved away to the less-complicated job-order system.
9. (2 errors) The observation and notes from September 27, 2020 were mainly from the boy’s mother who relayed information about her children to the case worker.
10. (2 points) In 25–50 words, explain the difference in meaning between these two sentences:
    My friend Myla will be starting college next month.
    My friend, Myla, will be starting college next month.

The change in welfare resulting from changes in environmental quality can be converted into monetary units.
1 Compensating Variation
2 Equivalent Variation
3 Compensating Surplus
4 Equivalent Surplus
5 Consumer Surplus

Explain and compare

I just want to know if this is decent or should I make some changes.

1. What are some examples of Ford's variable costs (please discuss and explain 3)?

Ford is focused on units produced so their variable costs will include variable factory overhead, direct materials and direct labor. One direct labor cost is that of manufacturing and assembly which deals with the actual assembled components. These components are another form of direct costs; those of direct materials such as gas tanks, circuit boards, glass and motor vehicle frames. All of these can be traced back to the production of a finished product “their vehicles.” All these materials can vary in cost as well as direct labor due to the increase or decrease in production. These materials can be considered goods manufactured since they are incomplete until the vehicle itself is complete. At the point of completion they are considered finished goods to which all direct materials and direct labor can be traced back to.

2. What are some examples of Ford's fixed costs (please discuss and explain 3)?

Ford’s fixed costs can include rent for factory or office space, insurance on facilities, utilities, depreciation expenses on machinery, loans and taxes. These fixed costs will be incurred even if there is no product to be made for a given time. They are to be acquired no matter the increase or decrease of the production of a given company. If there is an increase in the production of units, fixed costs will not vary but will decrease per unit as units produced increase. This is due to the fixed costs being spread over more units as they increase.

3. Is Ford a highly levered company? (Careful, the book discusses operating leverage. Your answer should be in the context of the definition of operating leverage discussed in your book). Why or why not? Also, how does this effect the break-even point? Explain.

Ford is a known high levered company; this is due to its high fixed costs and not being a labor-intensive business. Ford demonstrates its ability to have a higher percent increase in income due to its high fixed costs, so small changes in their units sold can significantly increase their overall profitability. Thus proving that having a high fixed costs system is what helps drive ford as a high levered company. Break-even points will increase as fixed costs increase, such as taxes when they increase it raises the break-even point to be met. This can also be said for Ford’s fixed costs like rent, if decreased then their break-even will drop as well since less revenue is now needed to meet the break-even.

4. If raw material costs such as steel (and all else equal meaning holding all other variables constant) were to increase how would this effect the following? Please explain.

• Break-event point
• Contribution Margin
• Income from Continuing Operations

As raw material costs increase the break-even will increase. The increase in steel has created a need for more revenue to help with higher variable costs. Since all other variables remain constant, this means that the contribution margin will have decreased due to raise in price of steel, reducing the excess of sales over variable costs. Meaning less income for fixed costs provided by operations. As contribution margins decrease the income from continuing operations will also decrease since more funds will be needed to cover the variable costs to run the company. If the company continues to increase operations, then the Fixed incomes should begin to decrease since fixed costs will now be spread over more units.

how can technological advancement and modernization affects and bring changes to a country's cuisine.

Describe the cuisine of Canada by citing some distinct characteristics. what did you like most about their cuisine and why?

The following income statement and information about changes in noncash current assets and current liabilities are reported.

Changes in current asset and current liability accounts for the year that relate to operations follow.

Required:

Prepare only the cash flows from operating activities section of the statement of cash flows using the indirect method. (Amounts to be deducted should be indicated with a minus sign.)

Identify the different types of product (manufacturing) and non-production costs. In addition, describe the changes in composition of total manufacturing costs during the last century

Recognize how changes in supply and demand affect market outcomes and explain the effect of government regulation on prices?

Use your own words and be sure to support your statements with logic and arguments. Post your comments.

Uncertainty due to changes in the price of stocks, bonds or even mutual funds over time falls under the category of

Roth IRAs and Roth 401(k) plans offer

The precise measure of a bond's annual interest rate and rate of return if the investor holds the bond to maturity is the bond's

A medical researcher believes that a drug changes the body's temperature. Seven test subjects are randomly selected and the body temperature of each is measured. The subjects are then given the drug, and after 30 minutes, the body temperature of each is measured again. The results are listed in the table below. Is there enough evidence to conclude that the drug changes the body's temperature?

Let d=(body temperature after taking drug)−(body temperature before taking drug)d=(body temperature after taking drug)−(body temperature before taking drug). Use a significance level of α=0.02 for the test. Assume that the body temperatures are normally distributed for the population of people both before and after taking the drug.

Step 1 of 5: State the null and alternative hypotheses for the test.

Step 2 of 5:Find the value of the standard deviation of the paired differences. Round your answer to one decimal place.

Step 3 of 5:Compute the value of the test statistic. Round your answer to three decimal places

Step 4 of 5:Determine the decision rule for rejecting the null hypothesis H 0   . Round the numerical portion of your answer to three decimal places.

Step 5 of 5: Make the decision for the hypothesis test. (Fail to reject or reject null)

Which of the following is TRUE regarding changes to 2020 tax law for individuals?

Employers may pay up to $5,250 toward an employee's student loan principal and interest. This amount may be excluded from the employee's taxable income.

Individuals may claim up to $500 of charitable contributions as an above-the-line deduction.

Extended unemployment benefits are not taxable income.

A high-deductible health plan (HDHP) may only pay for remote medical care for COVID-19-related treatment after the plan deductible is met.