Ramsay Corp. (lessor) entered into a lease arrangement with Williams Corp. (lessee) on January 1, 2018. According to the lease arrangement, Ramsay leased a building to Williams for 8 years. The building has an estimated economic life of 40 years with no residual value. The cost of the building was $2,500,000 and it was purchased for cash on January 1, 2018. Its fair value is $2,500,000 and it is to be depreciated on a straight line basis. At the end of the year, Ramsay paid $70,000 in property taxes and $8,700 for insurance. Lease payments of $180,000 per year are made at the end of each year. Both Ramsay and Williams adjust and close books annually at December 31. Ramsay’s implicit interest rate is 7% and is known to Williams.

Instructions

1. Identify the type of lease involved using the classification criteria. Discuss the accounting treatment that should be applied by both the lessee and lessor.
2. Prepare Ramsay’s journal entries for 2018
3. Prepare Williams’ journal entries for 2018 (1 mark)
4. If at the inception of the lease, on January 1, 2018, Ramsay incurred appraisal fees of $16,000, how should this expense be reported in 2018 by Ramsay?

The December 31, 2018, inventory of Tog Company, based on a physical count, was determined to be $460,000. Included in that count was a shipment of goods received from a supplier at the end of the month that cost $60,000. The purchase was recorded and paid for in 2019. Another supplier shipment costing $25,000 was correctly recorded as a purchase in 2018. However, the merchandise, shipped FOB shipping point, was not received until 2019 and was incorrectly omitted from the physical count. A third purchase, shipped from a supplier FOB shipping point on December 28, 2018, did not arrive until January 3, 2019. The merchandise, which cost $90,000, was not included in the physical count and the purchase has not yet been recorded.

The company uses a periodic inventory system.

Required: a. Determine the correct December 31, 2018, inventory balance and, assuming that the errors were discovered after the 2018 financial statements were issued, analyze the effect of the errors on 2018 cost of goods sold, net income, and retained earnings. (Ignore income taxes.) b. Prepare a journal entry to correct the errors.

On January 1, 2018, Nguyen Electronics leased equipment from Nevels Leasing for a four-year period ending December 31, 2018, at which time possession of the leased asset will revert back to Nevels. The equipment cost Nevels $824,368 and has an expected economic life of five years. Nevels expects the residual value at December 31, 2018, will be $100,000. Negotiations led to the lessee guaranteeing a $140,000 residual value. Equal payments under the lease are $200,000 and are due on December 31 of each year with the first payment being made on December 31, 2018. Nguyen is aware that Nevels used a 5% interest rate when calculating lease payments.

1. Prepare the appropriate entries for both Nguyen and Nevels on January 1, 2018, to record the lease

-Record the beginning of the lease for Nguyen

-Record the beginning of the lease for Nevels

2. Prepare all appropriate entries for both Nguyen and Nevels on December 31, 2018, related to the lease

-Record the lease payment and interest expense for Nguyen

-Record the amortization expense for Nguyen

-Record the lease revenue and interest received by Nevels

In 2018, Gray Corporation, a calendar year C corporation, has a $75,000 charitable contribution carryover from a gift made in 2013. Gray is contemplating a gift of land to a qualified charity in either 2018 or 2019. Gray purchased the land as an investment five years ago for $100,000 (current fair market value is $250,000). Before considering any charitable deduction, Gray projects taxable income of $1,000,000 for 2018 and $1,200,000 for 2019.

Should Gray make the gift of the land to charity in 2018 or in 2019?

If an amount is zero, enter "0".

a. If Gray makes the gift of the land to charity in 2018:
The amount of the deduction would be $ and the corporation is able to use $ of the $75,000 carryover. Therefore, Gray has a $ carryover to 2019, of which $ would be used in 2019, leaving
$ to be carried over to 2020.

b. If Gray waits and makes the gift of the land to charity in 2019:
The corporation would have $ carryover from 2013 and $ carryover from 2018. In 2019, the amount of the deduction would be $ and the excess of $ would carryover to 2020.

c. Therefore, Gray should make the gift of the land to charity in ????.

On January 1, 2018, Essence Communications issued $610,000 of its 10-year, 6% bonds for $457,961. The bonds were priced to yield 10%. Interest is payable semiannually on June 30 and December 31. Essence Communications records interest at the effective rate and elected the option to report these bonds at their fair value. On December 31, 2018, the market interest rate for bonds of similar risk and maturity was 9%. The bonds are not traded on an active exchange. The increase in the market interest rate was due to a 1% increase in general (risk-free)interest rates. (FV of $1, PV of $1, FVA of $1, PVA of $1, FVAD of $1 and PVAD of $1) (Use appropriate factor(s) from the tables provided.) Required: 1. Using the information provided, estimate the fair value of the bonds at December 31, 2018. 2. to 4. Prepare the journal entry to record interest on June 30, 2018 (the first interest payment), on December 31, 2018 (the second interest payment) and to adjust the bonds to their fair value for presentation in the December 31, 2018, balance sheet.

Diaz Company issued $80,000 face value of bonds on January 1, 2018. The bonds had a 6 percent stated rate of interest and a ten-year term. Interest is paid in cash annually, beginning December 31, 2018. The bonds were issued at 98. The straight-line method is used for amortization. Required a. Use a financial statements model like the one shown below to demonstrate how (1) the January 1, 2018, bond issue and (2) the December 31, 2018, recognition of interest expense, including the amortization of the discount and the cash payment, affect the company’s financial statements. Use + for increase, − for decrease, and NA for not affected. b. Determine the carrying value (face value less discount or plus premium) of the bond liability as of December 31, 2018. c. Determine the amount of interest expense reported on the 2018 income statement. d. Determine the carrying value (face value less discount or plus premium) of the bond liability as of December 31, 2019. e. Determine the amount of interest expense reported on the 2019 income statement.

Problem 17-6 Determine the PBO; plan assets; pension expense; two years [LO17-3, 17-4, 17-6]

Stanley-Morgan Industries adopted a defined benefit pension plan on April 12, 2018. The provisions of the plan were not made retroactive to prior years. A local bank, engaged as trustee for the plan assets, expects plan assets to earn a 10% rate of return. The actual return was also 10% in 2018 and 2019.* A consulting firm, engaged as actuary, recommends 4% as the appropriate discount rate. The service cost is $150,000 for 2018 and $280,000 for 2019. Year-end funding is $160,000 for 2018 and $170,000 for 2019. No assumptions or estimates were revised during 2018.

*We assume the estimated return was based on the actual return on similar investments at the inception of the plan and that, since the estimate didn’t change, that also was the actual rate in 2019.

Required:

Calculate each of the following amounts as of both December 31, 2018, and December 31, 2019: (Enter your answers in thousands (i.e., 200,000 should be entered as 200).)

Fantasy Fashions had used the LIFO method of costing inventories, but at the beginning of 2018 decided to change to the FIFO method. The inventory as reported at the end of 2017 using LIFO would have been $17 million higher using FIFO.

Retained earnings reported at the end of 2016 and 2017 was $237 million and $257 million, respectively (reflecting the LIFO method). Those amounts reflecting the FIFO method would have been $247 million and $269 million, respectively. 2017 net income reported at the end of 2017 was $25 million (LIFO method) but would have been $27 million using FIFO. After changing to FIFO, 2018 net income was $33 million. Dividends of $7 million were paid each year. The tax rate is 40%.
  
Required:
1. Prepare the journal entry at the beginning of 2018 to record the change in accounting principle.
2. In the 2018–2017 comparative income statements, what will be the amounts of net income reported for 2017 and 2018?
3. Prepare the 2018–2017 retained earnings column of the comparative statements of shareholders’ equity.
  

On Jan 1, 2018, Rising Star purchased a crane for $ 1,200,000 and paid $200,000 as a downpyament while the balance will be paid over the next five years in installments of $100,000 every six months , starting July 1, 2018. The market rate on Jan 1, 2018 was 9%.

Requirements:
a.   For the how much the company should recognize the crane on Jan 1, 2018? Show your calculation along with your accounting entry to recognize the purchase of the crane.
b.   On Jan 1, 2020, the company will pay installment payment of $100,000. How much of this payment represents a payment of the principal and how much of it represents a payment of the interest? Show your calculation (fill in the following table Jan 1 2018 – Jan 2020).

c.   What is the total interest expense for the year ended on Dec 31, 2018?
d.   What will be the carrying value of the notes on Dec 31, 2019?

A team of sports scientists want to know if having a dietitian as part of the staff is better at producing divisional basketball champions than current ad-libitum (as desired) nutritional practices. Of the ad-libitum, 12 were champions and 18 were non-champions. Of the dietician-tailored, 7 were champions and 8 were non-champtions. What can they conclude?

Choose the most correct answer.

Select one:

a. After performing a 2 x 2 chi square test, no significant difference between champion and non-champion basketball teams was found between the two dietary approaches (χ2 = 0.18, df = 1, p < .05).

b. After performing a 2 x 2 chi square test, no significant difference between champion and non-champion basketball teams was found between the two dietary approaches (χ2 = 0.18, df = 1, p > .05).

c. After performing a 2 x 2 chi square test, no significant difference between champion and non-champion basketball teams was found between the two dietary approaches (χ2 = 0.01, df = 1, p < .05).

d. After performing a 2 x 2 chi square test, a significant difference between champion and non-champion basketball teams was found between the two dietary approaches (χ2 = 0.01, df = 1, p < .05).

e. After performing a 2 x 2 chi square test, a significant difference between champion and non-champion basketball teams was found between the two dietary approaches (χ2 = 3.84, df = 1, p < .05).