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Perpetual Inventory Using LIFO
Beginning inventory, purchases, and sales data for portable DVD players are as follows:
| Apr. 1 | Inventory | 69 units @ $54 | |
| 10 | Sale | 50 units | |
| 15 | Purchase | 83 units @ $57 | |
| 20 | Sale | 46 units | |
| 24 | Sale | 14 units | |
| 30 | Purchase | 33 units @ $60 |
The business maintains a perpetual inventory system, costing by the last-in, first-out method.
Determine the cost of merchandise sold for each sale and the inventory balance after each sale, presenting the data in the form illustrated in Exhibit 4.
Under LIFO, if units are in inventory at two different costs, enter the units with the HIGHER unit cost first in the Cost of Merchandise Sold Unit Cost column and LOWER unit cost first in the Inventory Unit Cost column.
| Schedule of Cost of Merchandise Sold | |||||||||
| LIFO Method | |||||||||
| Portable Game Players | |||||||||
| Date | Quantity Purchased | Purchases Unit Cost | Purchases Total Cost | Quantity Sold | Cost of Merchandise Sold Unit Cost | Cost of Merchandise Sold Total Cost | Inventory Quantity | Inventory Unit Cost | Inventory Total Cost |
| Apr. 1 | $ | $ | |||||||
| Apr. 10 | $ | $ | |||||||
| Apr. 15 | $ | $ | |||||||
| Apr. 20 | |||||||||
| Apr. 24 | |||||||||
| Apr. 30 | |||||||||
| Apr. 30 | Balance | $ | $ | ||||||
In: Accounting
Perpetual Inventory Using LIFO
Beginning inventory, purchases, and sales data for prepaid cell phones for May are as follows:
| Inventory | Purchases | Sales | |||
| May 1 | 1,200 units at $33 | May 10 | 600 units at $35 | May 12 | 840 units |
| May 20 | 540 units at $37 | May 14 | 720 units | ||
| May 31 | 360 units |
a. Assuming that the perpetual inventory system is used, costing by the LIFO method, determine the cost of merchandise sold for each sale and the inventory balance after each sale, presenting the data in the form illustrated in Exhibit 4. Under LIFO, if units are in inventory at two different costs, enter the units with the HIGHER unit cost first in the Cost of Merchandise Sold Unit Cost column and LOWER unit cost first in the Inventory Unit Cost column.
| Schedule of Cost of Merchandise Sold | |||||||||
| LIFO Method | |||||||||
| Prepaid Cell Phones | |||||||||
| Date | Quantity Purchased | Purchases Unit Cost | Purchases Total Cost | Quantity Sold | Cost of Merchandise Sold Unit Cost | Cost of Merchandise Sold Total Cost | Inventory Quantity | Inventory Unit Cost | Inventory Total Cost |
| May 1 | $ | $ | |||||||
| May 10 | $ | $ | |||||||
| May 12 | $ | $ | |||||||
| May 14 | |||||||||
| May 20 | |||||||||
| May 31 | |||||||||
| May 31 | Balances | $ | $ | ||||||
b. Based upon the preceding data, would you
expect the inventory to be higher or lower using the first-in,
first-out method?
In: Accounting
Perpetual Inventory Using FIFO
Beginning inventory, purchases, and sales data for prepaid cell phones for May are as follows:
| Inventory | Purchases | Sales | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| May 1 | 3,600 units at $32 | May 10 | 1,800 units at $34 | May 12 | 2,520 units |
| May 20 | 1,620 units at $36 | May 14 | 2,160 units | ||
| May 31 | 1,080 units |
Assume that the business maintains a perpetual inventory system, costing by the first-in, first-out method. Determine the cost of merchandise sold for each sale and the inventory balance after each sale, presenting the data in the form illustrated in Exhibit 3. Under FIFO, if units are in inventory at two different costs, enter the units with the LOWER unit cost first in the Cost of Merchandise Sold Unit Cost column and in the Inventory Unit Cost column.
| Schedule of Cost of Merchandise Sold | |||||||||
| FIFO Method | |||||||||
| Prepaid Cell Phones | |||||||||
| Date | Purchases Quantity | Purchases Unit Cost | Purchases Total Cost | Cost of Merchandise Sold Quantity | Cost of Merchandise Sold Unit Cost | Cost of Merchandise Sold Total Cost | Inventory Quantity | Inventory Unit Cost | Inventory Total Cost |
| May 1 | $ | $ | |||||||
| May 10 | $ | $ | |||||||
| May 12 | $ | $ | |||||||
| May 14 | |||||||||
| May 20 | |||||||||
| May 31 | |||||||||
| May 31 | Balances | $ | $ | ||||||
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In: Accounting
Perpetual Inventory Using FIFO Beginning inventory, purchases, and sales data for portable DVD players are as follows: Apr. 1 Inventory 59 units @ $62 10 Sale 44 units 15 Purchase 33 units @ $66 20 Sale 23 units 24 Sale 11 units 30 Purchase 20 units @ $69 The business maintains a perpetual inventory system, costing by the first-in, first-out method. Determine the cost of the merchandise sold for each sale and the inventory balance after each sale, presenting the data in the form illustrated in Exhibit 3. a. Under FIFO, if units are in inventory at two different costs, enter the units with the LOWER unit cost first in the Cost of Merchandise Sold Unit Cost column and in the Inventory Unit Cost column. Cost of the Merchandise Sold Schedule First-in, First-out Method Portable DVD Players Date Quantity Purchased Purchases Unit Cost Purchases Total Cost Quantity Cost of Merchandise Sold Cost of Merchandise Sold Unit Cost Cost of Merchandise Sold Total Cost Inventory Quantity Inventory Unit Cost Inventory Total Cost Apr. 1 $ $ Apr. 10 $ $ Apr. 15 $ $ Apr. 20 Apr. 24 Apr. 30 Apr. 30 Balances $ $ b. Based upon the preceding data, would you expect the inventory to be higher or lower using the last-in, first-out method?
In: Accounting
Nova Company’s total overhead costs at various levels of activity follow:
| Month | Machine-Hours | Total Overhead Costs | ||
| April | 78,000 | $ | 214,000 | |
| May | 115,500 | 286,000 | ||
| June | 96,000 | 238,000 | ||
| July | 106,000 | 246,640 | ||
Assume that the total overhead costs consist of utilities, supervisory salaries, and maintenance. The breakdown of these costs at the 78,000 machine-hour level of activity is as follows:
| Utilities (V) | $ | 48,640 | |
| Supervisory salaries (F) | 22,600 | ||
| Maintenance (M) | 142,760 | ||
| Total overhead costs | $ | 214,000 | |
V = variable; F = fixed; M = mixed.
Nova Company’s management wants to break the maintenance cost down into its basic variable and fixed cost elements.
Required:
1. As shown, overhead costs in May amounted to $286,000. Determine how much of this consisted of maintenance cost. (Hint: To do this, it may be helpful to first determine how much of the $286,000 consisted of utilities and supervisory salaries. Think about the behaviour of variable and fixed costs!) (Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answers to the nearest whole dollar amount.)
2. By means of the high–low method, estimate a cost formula for maintenance. (Do not round intermediate calculations. Round "Fixed cost" answer to the nearest whole dollar and "Variable cost" answer to 2 decimal places.)
3. Express the company’s total overhead costs in the linear equation form Y = a + bX. (Do not round intermediate calculations. Round "Fixed cost" answer to the nearest whole dollar and "Variable cost" answer to 2 decimal places.)
4. What total overhead costs would you expect to be incurred at an operating activity level of 76,000 machine-hours? At an operating activity level of 91,000 machine-hours? (Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answers to the nearest whole dollar amount.)
In: Accounting
Cost of Production Report: Average Cost Method
Sunrise Coffee Company roasts and packs coffee beans. The process begins in the Roasting Department. From the Roasting Department, the coffee beans are transferred to the Packing Department. The following is a partial work in process account of the Roasting Department at December 31:
| ACCOUNT Work in Process-Roasting Department | ACCOUNT NO. | |||||||
| Date | Item | Debit | Credit | Balance | ||||
| Debit | Credit | |||||||
| Dec. | 1 | Bal., 13,500 units, 25% completed | 39,015 | |||||
| 31 | Direct materials, 233,600 units | 383,104 | 422,119 | |||||
| 31 | Direct labor | 217,447 | 639,566 | |||||
| 31 | Factory overhead | 312,911.5 | 952,477.5 | |||||
| 31 | Goods transferred, 235,600 units | ? | ? | |||||
| 31 | Bal., ? units, 75% completed | ? | ||||||
Required:
Prepare a cost of production report, using the average cost method, and identify the missing amounts for Work in Process—Roasting Department. If required, round your cost per equivalent unit answer to two decimal places.
| Sunrise Coffee Company | ||
| Cost of Production Report Roasting Department | ||
| For the Month Ended December 31 | ||
| Unit Information | ||
| Units to account for during production: | ||
| Inventory in process, December 1 | ||
| Received from materials storeroom | ||
| Total units accounted for by the Roasting Department | ||
| Units to be assigned costs: | ||
| Whole Units | Equivalent Units of Production | |
| Transferred to Packing Department in December | ||
| Inventory in process, December 31 | ||
| Total units to be assigned costs | ||
| Cost Information | ||
| Unit costs: | ||
| Costs | ||
| Total costs for December in Roasting Department | $ | |
| Total equivalent units | ||
| Cost per equivalent unit | $ | |
| Costs assigned to productio: | ||
| Inventory in process, December 1 | $ | |
| Costs incurred in December | ||
| Total costs accounted for by the Roasting Department | $ | |
| Costs allocated to completed and partially completed units: | ||
| Transferred to Packing Department in December | $ | |
| Inventory in process, December 31 | ||
| Total costs assigned by the Roasting Department | $ | |
In: Accounting
Cost of Production Report: Average Cost Method
Sunrise Coffee Company roasts and packs coffee beans. The process begins in the Roasting Department. From the Roasting Department, the coffee beans are transferred to the Packing Department. The following is a partial work in process account of the Roasting Department at December 31:
| ACCOUNT Work in Process—Roasting Department | ACCOUNT NO. | |||||||
| Date | Item | Debit | Credit | Balance | ||||
| Debit | Credit | |||||||
| Dec. | 1 | Bal., 10,500 units, 75% completed | 21,000 | |||||
| 31 | Direct materials, 210,400 units | 246,800 | 267,800 | |||||
| 31 | Direct labor | 135,700 | 403,500 | |||||
| 31 | Factory overhead | 168,630 | 572,130 | |||||
| 31 | Goods transferred, 208,900 units | ? | ? | |||||
| 31 | Bal., ? units, 25% completed | ? | ||||||
Required:
Prepare a cost of production report, using the average cost method, and identify the missing amounts for Work in Process—Roasting Department. If required, round your cost per equivalent unit answer to the nearest cent.
| Sunrise Coffee Company | ||
| Cost of Production Report-Roasting Department | ||
| For the Month Ended December 31 | ||
| Unit Information | ||
| Units to account for during production: | ||
| Inventory in process, December 1 | ||
| Received from materials storeroom | ||
| Total units accounted for by the Roasting Department | ||
| Units to be assigned costs: | ||
| Whole Units | Equivalent Units of Production | |
| Transferred to Packing Department in December | ||
| Inventory in process, December 31 | ||
| Total units to be assigned costs | ||
| Cost Information | ||
| Unit costs: | ||
| Costs | ||
| Total costs for December in Roasting Department | $ | |
| Total equivalent units | ||
| Cost per equivalent unit | $ | |
| Costs charged to production: | ||
| Inventory in process, December 1 | $ | |
| Costs incurred in December | ||
| Total costs accounted for by the Roasting Department | $ | |
| Costs allocated to completed and partially completed units: | ||
| Transferred to Packing Department in December | $ | |
| Inventory in process, December 31 | ||
| Total costs assigned by the Roasting Department | $ | |
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In: Accounting
Cost of Production Report: Average Cost Method
Sunrise Coffee Company roasts and packs coffee beans. The process begins in the Roasting Department. From the Roasting Department, the coffee beans are transferred to the Packing Department. The following is a partial work in process account of the Roasting Department at December 31:
| ACCOUNT Work in Process-Roasting Department | ACCOUNT NO. | |||||||
| Date | Item | Debit | Credit | Balance | ||||
| Debit | Credit | |||||||
| Dec. | 1 | Bal., 16,400 units, 40% completed | 65,600 | |||||
| 31 | Direct materials, 283,700 units | 643,999 | 709,599 | |||||
| 31 | Direct labor | 370,408 | 1,080,007 | |||||
| 31 | Factory overhead | 533,027 | 1,613,034 | |||||
| 31 | Goods transferred, 286,200 units | ? | ? | |||||
| 31 | Bal., ? units, 90% completed | ? | ||||||
Required:
Prepare a cost of production report, using the average cost method, and identify the missing amounts for Work in Process—Roasting Department. If required, round your cost per equivalent unit answer to two decimal places.
| Sunrise Coffee Company | ||
| Cost of Production Report-Roasting Department | ||
| For the Month Ended December 31 | ||
| Unit Information | ||
| Units to account for during production: | ||
| Inventory in process, December 1 | ||
| Received from materials storeroom | ||
| Total units accounted for by the Roasting Department | ||
| Units to be assigned costs: | ||
| Whole Units | Equivalent Units of Production | |
| Transferred to Packing Department in December | ||
| Inventory in process, December 31 | ||
| Total units to be assigned costs | ||
| Cost Information | ||
| Unit costs: | ||
| Costs | ||
| Total costs for December in Roasting Department | $ | |
| Total equivalent units | ||
| Cost per equivalent unit | $ | |
| Costs charged to production: | ||
| Inventory in process, December 1 | $ | |
| Costs incurred in December | ||
| Total costs accounted for by the Roasting Department | $ | |
| Costs allocated to completed and partially completed units: | ||
| Transferred to Packing Department in December | $ | |
| Inventory in process, December 31 | ||
| Total costs assigned by the Roasting Department | $ | |
In: Accounting
Cost of Production Report: Average Cost Method
Sunrise Coffee Company roasts and packs coffee beans. The process begins in the Roasting Department. From the Roasting Department, the coffee beans are transferred to the Packing Department. The following is a partial work in process account of the Roasting Department at December 31:
| ACCOUNT Work in Process-Roasting Department | ACCOUNT NO. | |||||||
| Date | Item | Debit | Credit | Balance | ||||
| Debit | Credit | |||||||
| Dec. | 1 | Bal., 15,600 units, 25% completed | 57,720 | |||||
| 31 | Direct materials, 269,900 units | 566,790 | 624,510 | |||||
| 31 | Direct labor | 322,410 | 946,920 | |||||
| 31 | Factory overhead | 463,955 | 1,410,875 | |||||
| 31 | Goods transferred, 272,200 units | ? | ? | |||||
| 31 | Bal., ? units, 75% completed | ? | ||||||
Required:
Prepare a cost of production report, using the average cost method, and identify the missing amounts for Work in Process—Roasting Department. If required, round your cost per equivalent unit answer to two decimal places.
| Sunrise Coffee Company | ||
| Cost of Production Report-Roasting Department | ||
| For the Month Ended December 31 | ||
| Unit Information | ||
| Units to account for during production: | ||
| Inventory in process, December 1 | ||
| Received from materials storeroom | ||
| Total units accounted for by the Roasting Department | ||
| Units to be assigned costs: | ||
| Whole Units | Equivalent Units of Production | |
| Transferred to Packing Department in December | ||
| Inventory in process, December 31 | ||
| Total units to be assigned costs | ||
| Cost Information | ||
| Unit costs: | ||
| Costs | ||
| Total costs for December in Roasting Department | $ | |
| Total equivalent units | ||
| Cost per equivalent unit | $ | |
| Costs charged to production: | ||
| Inventory in process, December 1 | $ | |
| Costs incurred in December | ||
| Total costs accounted for by the Roasting Department | $ | |
| Costs allocated to completed and partially completed units: | ||
| Transferred to Packing Department in December | $ | |
| Inventory in process, December 31 | ||
| Total costs assigned by the Roasting Department | ||
In: Accounting
Cost of Production Report: Average Cost Method
Sunrise Coffee Company roasts and packs coffee beans. The process begins in the Roasting Department. From the Roasting Department, the coffee beans are transferred to the Packing Department. The following is a partial work in process account of the Roasting Department at December 31:
| ACCOUNT Work in Process-Roasting Department | ACCOUNT NO. | |||||||
| Date | Item | Debit | Credit | Balance | ||||
| Debit | Credit | |||||||
| Dec. | 1 | Bal., 13,200 units, 80% completed | 37,092 | |||||
| 31 | Direct materials, 228,400 units | 365,440 | 402,532 | |||||
| 31 | Direct labor | 199,051 | 601,583 | |||||
| 31 | Factory overhead | 286,439 | 888,022 | |||||
| 31 | Goods transferred, 230,300 units | ? | ? | |||||
| 31 | Bal., ? units, 30% completed | ? | ||||||
Required:
Prepare a cost of production report, using the average cost method, and identify the missing amounts for Work in Process—Roasting Department. If required, round your cost per equivalent unit answer to two decimal places.
| Sunrise Coffee Company | ||
| Cost of Production Report-Roasting Department | ||
| For the Month Ended December 31 | ||
| Unit Information | ||
| Units to account for during production: | ||
| Inventory in process, December 1 | ||
| Received from materials storeroom | ||
| Total units accounted for by the Roasting Department | ||
| Units to be assigned costs: | ||
| Whole Units | Equivalent Units of Production | |
| Transferred to Packing Department in December | ||
| Inventory in process, December 31 | ||
| Total units to be assigned costs | ||
| Cost Information | ||
| Unit costs: | ||
| Costs | ||
| Total costs for December in Roasting Department | $ | |
| Total equivalent units | ||
| Cost per equivalent unit | $ | |
| Costs charged to production: | ||
| Inventory in process, December 1 | $ | |
| Costs incurred in December | ||
| Total costs accounted for by the Roasting Department | $ | |
| Costs allocated to completed and partially completed units: | ||
| Transferred to Packing Department in December | $ | |
| Inventory in process, December 31 | ||
| Total costs assigned by the Roasting Department | $ | |
In: Accounting