With two examples each, distinguish between the following pairs of terms

a. i. Probability and non-probability sampling                                                        [ 4 Marks ]                             

ii. Open-ended and closed-ended questions                                                      [ 4 Marks ]                              

3. Accessible and target population                                                                  [ 4 Marks ]                            
4. Likert scale and Ranking questions [ 4 Marks ]                                                                                                
5. Multiple choice and contingent questions. [ 4 Marks ]                                                                                       

Calculating Probability

1. Without looking up their actual birth dates, calculate the probability that Abraham Lincoln and John F. Kennedy were both born in leap years.
2. Without looking up their actual birth dates, calculate the probability that Abraham Lincoln, John F. Kennedy, Ronald Reagan, and George W. Bush were all born in leap years.

Coin 1 comes up heads with probability 0.6 and coin 2 with probability 0.5. A coin is continually flipped until it comes up tails, at which time that coin is put aside and we start flipping the other one. (a) What proportion of flips use coin 1? (b) If we start the process with coin 1 what is the probability that coin 2 is used on the fifth flip? (c) What proportion of flips land heads?

Expected returns

Stocks A and B have the following probability distributions of expected future returns:

1. Calculate the expected rate of return, r_B, for Stock B (r_A = 10.10%.) Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answer to two decimal places.
   %

2. Calculate the standard deviation of expected returns, σ_A, for Stock A (σ_B = 26.59%.) Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answer to two decimal places.
   %

3. Now calculate the coefficient of variation for Stock B. Round your answer to two decimal places.

4. Is it possible that most investors might regard Stock B as being less risky than Stock A?

   1. If Stock B is more highly correlated with the market than A, then it might have a higher beta than Stock A, and hence be less risky in a portfolio sense.
   2. If Stock B is more highly correlated with the market than A, then it might have a lower beta than Stock A, and hence be less risky in a portfolio sense.
   3. If Stock B is more highly correlated with the market than A, then it might have the same beta as Stock A, and hence be just as risky in a portfolio sense.
   4. If Stock B is less highly correlated with the market than A, then it might have a lower beta than Stock A, and hence be less risky in a portfolio sense.
   5. If Stock B is less highly correlated with the market than A, then it might have a higher beta than Stock A, and hence be more risky in a portfolio sense.

EXPECTED RETURNS

Stocks A and B have the following probability distributions of expected future returns:

1. Calculate the expected rate of return, r_B, for Stock B (r_A = 11.80%.) Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answer to two decimal places.
   %

2. Calculate the standard deviation of expected returns, σ_A, for Stock A (σ_B = 21.10%.) Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answer to two decimal places.
   %

3. Now calculate the coefficient of variation for Stock B. Round your answer to two decimal places.

4. Is it possible that most investors might regard Stock B as being less risky than Stock A?

   1. If Stock B is more highly correlated with the market than A, then it might have a lower beta than Stock A, and hence be less risky in a portfolio sense.
   2. If Stock B is more highly correlated with the market than A, then it might have the same beta as Stock A, and hence be just as risky in a portfolio sense.
   3. If Stock B is less highly correlated with the market than A, then it might have a lower beta than Stock A, and hence be less risky in a portfolio sense.
   4. If Stock B is less highly correlated with the market than A, then it might have a higher beta than Stock A, and hence be more risky in a portfolio sense.
   5. If Stock B is more highly correlated with the market than A, then it might have a higher beta than Stock A, and hence be less risky in a portfolio sense.

URGENT

a) samples of rejuvenated mitochondria are mutated (defective) with probability 0.2.find the probability you need to examine at least 6 samples to find 2 samples containing mutations.report answers to 3 decimal places.(try to type your answer)

b) what is the first,second,third quartile, and the outlier of 15,29,30,34,35,36,37,37,37,40,42,42,44,44,45,46,49,51,53,54?(try to type your answer)

c) the claim is that the IQ scores of statistics professors are normally distributed, with a mean less than 126. A sample of 17 professors had a mean IQ score of 125 with a standard deviation of 10. find the value of the test statistic?

Suppose Mary can have good health with probability 0.8 and bad health with probability 0.2. If the person has a good health her wealth will be $256, if she has bad health her wealth will be $36. Suppose that the utility of wealth come from the following utility function: U(W)=W^0.5 Answer each part:

A. Find the reduction in wealth if Mary bad health.

B. Find the expected wealth of Mary if she has no insurance.

C. Find her utility if she has bad health and she has no insurance.

D. Find her utility if she has good health and she has no insurance.

E. Find the expected utility of Mary if she has no insurance.

F. Find the certain equivalent of the lottery.

G. If she has full insurance, find the payment the insurance company made to her if she has bad health.

H. Find the maximum premium she is willing to pay for full insurance.

I. Find the fair premium if she is full insured.

J. Find her expected utility if she paid the fair premium and has full insurance.

The following probability distributions of returns for two stocks have been estimated:
Probability Stock A Stock B
0.3 12% 8%
0.4 8 4
0.3 6 3
What is the coefficient of variation for the stock that is less risky (assuming you use the coefficient of variation to rank riskiness).

The following probability distributions of returns for two stocks have been estimated:

Probability; Stock A; Stock B

0.3; 12%; 5%

0.4; 8; 4

0.3; 6; 3

What is the coefficient of variation for the stock that is less risky (assuming you use the coefficient of variation to rank riskiness).

3.62

0.28

0.66

5.16

0.19

EXPECTED RETURNS

Stocks A and B have the following probability distributions of expected future returns:

1. Calculate the expected rate of return, r_B, for Stock B (r_A = 13.20%.) Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answer to two decimal places.
   %

2. Calculate the standard deviation of expected returns, σ_A, for Stock A (σ_B = 18.62%.) Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answer to two decimal places.
   %

3. Now calculate the coefficient of variation for Stock B. Round your answer to two decimal places.

4. Is it possible that most investors might regard Stock B as being less risky than Stock A?

   1. If Stock B is less highly correlated with the market than A, then it might have a higher beta than Stock A, and hence be more risky in a portfolio sense.
   2. If Stock B is more highly correlated with the market than A, then it might have a higher beta than Stock A, and hence be less risky in a portfolio sense.
   3. If Stock B is more highly correlated with the market than A, then it might have a lower beta than Stock A, and hence be less risky in a portfolio sense.
   4. If Stock B is more highly correlated with the market than A, then it might have the same beta as Stock A, and hence be just as risky in a portfolio sense.
   5. If Stock B is less highly correlated with the market than A, then it might have a lower beta than Stock A, and hence be less risky in a portfolio sense.