In Lesson Ten you’ve worked with techniques for conducting hypothesis tests for two means or two proportions. Work through the following exercise.

Two types of medication for hives are being tested. The manufacturer claims that the new medication B is more effective than the standard medication A and undertakes a comparison to determine if medication B produces relief for a higher proportion of adult patients within a 30-minute time window. 20 out of a random sample of 200 adults given medication A still had hives 30 minutes after taking the medication. 12 out of another random sample of 200 adults given medication B still had hives 30 minutes after taking the medication. The hypothesis test is to be carried out at a 1% level of significance.

State the null and alternative hypotheses in words and in statistical symbols. (3 points)

What statistical test is appropriate to use? Explain the rationale for your answer. (3 points)

Would the test be right-tailed, left-tailed or two-tailed? Explain the rationale for your answer. (3 points)

Describe an outcome that would result in a Type I error. Explain the rationale for your answer. (3 points)

Describe an outcome that would result in a Type II error. Explain the rationale for your answer. (3 points)

Political Science - In California, our state legislators are term-limited to a total of 12 years in the state Assembly and/or state Senate. No such limits apply at the federal level (congress). Members of congress can serve as long as they win reelection. Briefly describe in your opinion, whether or not you think term limits are a good idea and explain why.

2. When 1-methylcyclopentane (below) is treated with bromine in the presence of light, two and only two structural isomers are obtained; one is about 90% of the product mixture and the other about 10%. (Ignore sterochemistry for this problem)

a. Draw the major and minor isomers.

b.Provide a complete and detailed mechanism for the formation of the major product. Label each step. Be sure to use proper mechanism arrows!

c. Why are there only two products formed? Explain your answer with a drawing.

You work for an unemployment agency that distributes unemployment checks to unemployed workers in your state. Your boss recently learned that the president proposed a 21 percent increase in the minimum wage, and she wants you to provide her with an estimate of the number of additional workers who will file for unemployment compensation claims next year if the bill passes. Based on library research at a nearby university, you learn that about 200,000 workers in your state earn at or below the current minimum wage. Further library research turns up a study that reports the own price elasticity of demand for minimum wage earners to be −0.30. Based on your findings, how many additional workers do you think will file unemployment claims in your state?

ASSEMBLY PROGRAM!!! QtSpim

Sorting Data

Add the Bubble Sort to minMaxArray.asm to sort the array into ascending order. Use the Bubble Sort algorithm from the lecture. You can use either Base Addressing or Indexed Addressing for the arrays.

For this assignment, make sure you prompt the user for the numbers. Do not hard-code them in the data section.

NOTE: Declare the array last in the Data section.

Assume you are an SMC Hotel Manager for and an Interview has been conducted for You

Answer the following questions in Brief

4. State and explain any three (3) significant errors you identified during the audit of SMC hotel?

5. Discuss any 2 situations in which the auditor can be sued or liable?

6. State and explain any 3 qualities of an auditor?

7. Explain how you used interviews and listening skills during your audit of SMC hotel?

Please state which function of money is being used by each of the following activities: Unit of Account (Standard of Value, Medium of Exchange or Store of Value.  Please explain the reasoning behind each answer.

(a) Brenda puts $600 into her cookie jar for a rainy day.

(b) Brenda records the money she has spent on gasoline this year.   

(c) Brenda buys a $100 Savings Bond.

(d) Brenda uses $2,400 to pay her rent.

2. (4 points)

(a) Please state what assets are part of the money measurement called M1.

(b) Please state what assets are part of the money measurement called M2

3. (8 points) Explain what impact each of the following actions has on M1 and M2 both.

Please give the reasoning for each answer.

(a) Mary puts $400 in cash into her Savings Account.

(b) Sam transfers $40 from his Checking Account into his Savings Account.

(c) Chen takes $60 out of his Savings Account at the ATM machine.

(d) Brenda puts $50 in cash into her cookie jar at home for a rainy day.

4. (3 points)

(a) Assume that a one year bond that has no interest coupon payment with a maturity value (face value) of $2,000 sold for $1,700. Show the interest rate that this bond will pay when it matures.

(b) If the prices of similar bonds are selling next month for $1,900, show the interest rate that these bonds pay when they mature.

(c) Based on your answers in (a) and (b) above, describe the relationship between the price of bonds and the interest rate.

5. (10 points)

Your friend owns a cabin in the mountains in Big Bear California that he inherited from his mother. Your friend likes to visit that cabin during the year whenever he wants to. Thus, he leaves it vacant when he is not there. Your friend says that it is an inexpensive way to have short vacations: visit a place he owns.

Please explain why your friend is wrong in stating that this is an inexpensive way to have short vacations.

6. (3 points)

(a) Please provide a description of Bank Runs.

(b) Explain the main cause of Bank Runs.

(c) Why do you think we no longer see many Bank Runs today.

7. (10 points)

Please explain what backing U.S. Federal Reserve Notes have today and why people accept them for payment for goods and services.

8. (Question 8 has two parts)

Part 1 of Question 8 (12 points)

Below is the Balance Sheet for the Bank of Upland as of October 1, 2017. The required reserve ratio is 5%. Using this information and the Balance Sheet below answer the following questions.

(a) Calculate the Bank of Upland’s Total Reserves as of October 1, 2017 (please show/explain how you got your answer)

b) Calculate the Bank of Upland’s Required Reserves as of October 1, 2017 (please show/explain how you got your answer).

c) Calculate the Bank of Upland’s Excess Reserves as of October 1, 2017 (please show/explain how you got your answer).

d) Determine the amount of Bank of Upland’s Total Reserves which can legally be loaned out as of October 1, 2017 (please show/explain how you got your answer).

e) Calculate the Bank of Upland’s Money Creating Potential throughout the entire Banking System as of October 1, 2017 (please show/explain how you got your answer).

Part 2 of Question 8 (17 points)

Start with the same Balance Sheet and required reserve ratio found in Part 1 above, and using the fact that the Federal Reserve had just sold $120 million worth of Treasury Bonds (T-bonds) to the Bank of Upland at the end of business on October 1, 2017 (no other transaction occurred at the Bank of Upland on October 1, 2017), answer the following questions.

a) Fill in the Bank of Upland’s Balance Sheet numbers as of the start of business on October 2, 2017 for the categories found below. Start with the numbers in Part 1 above and incorporate the fact that the Federal Reserve (using Open Market Operations) had just sold $120 million worth of Treasury Bonds (T-bonds) to the Bank of Upland. Using a Word Table might help.

b) Calculate the Bank of Upland’s Total Reserves as of October 2, 2017 (please show/explain how you got your answer).

c) Calculate the Bank of Upland’s Required Reserves as of October 2, 2017 (please show/explain how you got your answer).

d) Calculate the Bank of Upland’s Excess Reserves as of October 2, 2017 (please show/explain how you got your answer).

e) Calculate the Bank of Upland’s Money Creating Potential throughout the entire Banking System as of October 2, 2017 (please show/explain how you got your answer).

f) Explain the reason the Federal Reserve would Sell these T-bonds to the Bank of Upland and explain what the Federal Reserve is worried about. (In other words, what economic condition is the Fed trying to avoid and how would the bond purchase help the Fed to avoid this economic condition.)You must use numbers that you calculated above to support your answer to receive credit.

g) Explain how the Fed would use two other monetary tools to help support its Open Market Operation above. Explain how these tools would be used and how they would have an impact on the Marcoeconomy.

Discuss how beta of a corporation is assessed by analysts. Discuss how leverage can influence beta of corporation to yield leveraged beta. Provide a fictitious example for clarity. Use Yahoo finance or any credible source to find rate of return of a security in the past 20 years, and use this data to estimate the beta of the corporation by the two different methods. How does your estimated value compares to the value provided by the source? Make sure to incorporate the effect of leverage if the corporation is leveraged. Provide your explanations and definitions in detail and be precise. Provide references for the content.

Question 1

1. Give the full scientific name of one of the protist species that causes malaria. (1 mark)
2. Briefly explain how the complexity of the malaria life cycle influences the host’s immune response.
3. Name one diagnostic test appropriate for use in the diagnosis of a current malaria infection and explain how it works.
4. State two strategies to prevent malaria.

Question 2

1. New variants of influenza can be generated by processes known as antigenic drift and antigenic shift. Distinguish between these two processes.
2. How might antigenic drift affect the design of a vaccination programme for influenza?
3. RT-PCR can be used to identify an influenza infection. State one other diagnostic test for influenza and describe how it can be used to determine the subtype of influenza.

Question 3

Read the following three statements and then answer the question below.

• In 2019, the UK lost its ‘measles-free’ status.
• The basic reproduction number for measles (R0) is given as between 12 and 18, in different studies.
• The immunisation rate in the UK for measles dipped to a low point in 2003 to 80% coverage and since then has risen to 91% in 2019.

Explain, using calculations, the causal link between these three statements and briefly discuss whether there is any prospect of the UK regaining its ‘measles-free’ status in the next 5 years.

Question 4

Cholera is an acute diarrhoeal disease endemic in some areas but prone to resurgences in pandemics.

1. What is the primary cause of death in cases of cholera?
2. What is the normal habitat of Vibrio cholerae? (1 mark) Describe one way in which people can become infected (1 mark) and one step that an individual could take to minimise that risk of infection (1 mark)
3. A stockpile of oral cholera vaccine is maintained by the WHO for use in humanitarian crises and outbreaks. From your knowledge of the biology of cholera infection, and referring to aspects of the appropriate immune response, explain why oral vaccines are used.
4. A freak weather event on a large tropical island destroys housing and leads to the local population being rehoused in a cramped refugee camp, where a cholera epidemic soon occurs. Apart from distributing oral cholera vaccine, what additional public health measures should be taken in the refugee camp to limit further infection and/or deaths from cholera?

Question 5

1. Your friend is suffering from a fever and respiratory symptoms. She visits her GP and requests antibiotics. Explain why antibiotics may not be appropriate for her infection.
2. Describe the effects of the overuse of antibiotics on the bacterial population in humans.
3. In order to distinguish between viral and bacterial infections some GPs now use a rapid point-of-care (POC) test for levels of C-reactive protein (CRP). Explain the role of CRP in the immune response and its relevance to use in this test.
4. In a hospital setting, treatment with antibiotics is a risk factor for infection with Clostridium difficile. Explain why Clostridium difficile is commonly acquired in hospitals.

Question 6

1. The cytokine IFNγ is produced by Th1 cells. Outline three different functions of IFNγ in inflammation and/or the immune response.
2. Name one cytokine that is produced specifically by Th2 cells and state what effect it has on its target cell(s).
3. What advantage is there for the host in having two distinct patterns of immune response, controlled by Th1 and Th2 cells?