The contingent valuation method is, in general, superior to indirect methods for valuing non-market environmental goods and services because it is the only technique that can incorporate use as well as non-use values. Discuss (approximately 800 words)

ACC 154- Managerial Accounting

Cost-Volume-Profit Analysis Excel Assignment

Introduction:

Congratulations! You have finally been promoted to the position of Division Manager with your long time employer Solar Co., a manufacturer of solar panels.  It is now your responsibility to take the lead for corporate planning, analysis and oversight of the company’s soleproduct- solar panels. Much of the company’s future success or failure rides with your insight and leadership.  

Your analysis for the coming year is extremely challenging given current economic conditions, random government programs and competition from lower cost non-U.S. manufacturers.  You will be required to forecast changes in the company’s fixed and variable costs for 2019 to determine its break even point, and then proceed to completing its Master Budget for 2016 based upon these forecasts.

As a wholly owned subsidiary of a large diversified company, management is under pressure to deliver an increase of 8 % over 2018’s Income Before Taxes.

Situation as of Year-End 2018:

Sales Price:  1 (one) Solar Panel sells for $400.

Sales Volume: 200,000 Solar Panels were sold this past year.

Current capacity: 220,000 units (there is no plan (or budget) to expand operating capacity for 2018)

Fixed Costs:

            ManufacturingOverhead:

                        Facility Rent:$400,000

Management Salaries: $1,200,000

Depreciation, machinery: $40,000

                        Maintenance and repair:  $60,000

                        Other overhead expenses:  $24,000

Selling and Administrative Costs:

Taxes and insurance:  $600,000

Sales salaries:  $180,000

Variable Costs:

Manufacturing Costs:

                        Materials: $180 per Solar Panel

                        Labor:$70 per Solar Panel

                        Employee Benefits: $20 per Solar Panel

                        Utilities:  $5 per Solar Panel

Selling and Administrative Costs:

Delivery expenses:  $60 per Solar Panel

Sales commissions:  $15 per Solar Panel

You have pondered the future for Solar Co. and have identified three very possible scenarios in which your company may have to operate:

Scenario 1:  The government institutes a program to support wind power that makes wind power relatively less expensive than other sources of energy.

Scenario 2:  One of raw materials used to make a solar panel increases dramatically forcing Solar Co. to increase their selling price per unit.

Scenario 3:  The “go green” mantra catches on (supported by government consumer tax credits) increasing demand for the company’s solar panels.

REQUIRED: Cost-Volume-Profit Analysis Current vs Projected

1.  2018 CVP:Using the Excel spreadsheet file perform the following calculations using the information as of the end of 2018:

(8 Points)

1. Contribution Margin
2. Break Even in Units
3. Break Even in Dollars
4. Total Sales
5. Income Before Taxes
6. Margin of Safety in Dollars
7. Margin of Safety in Units
8. Degree of Operating Leverage

2. Projected 2019 CVP:Selectone of the three scenarios on the previous page and then provide the following projected calculations for 2019:

(8 Points)

1. Contribution Margin
2. Break Even in Units
3. Break Even in Dollars
4. Total Sales
5. Income Before Taxes
6. Margin of Safety in Dollars
7. Margin of Safety in Units
8. Degree of Operating Leverage
   
   
   
   
   

River Ltd enters into a non-cancellable lease agreement with Machinery Ltd on 1 January 2017. River Ltd’s financial year ends on 31 December. The lease consists of the following: Date of inception: 1/1/2017 Duration of lease: 5 years Life of leased asset: 6 years Guaranteed residual value (Added to final payment): $40,000 Implicit rate of interest: 8% Fair value at the inception of the lease $346,640 There are to be 5 annual payment of $90,000, the first being made on 31 December 2017. Included within the $90,000 lease payment is an amount of $10,000 representing payment to the Lessor Machinery Ltd for the insurance and maintenance of the equipment. The equipment is to be depreciated on a straight-line basis. Required: a) Verify the implicit rate of interest is correct against Fair Value. b) Develop a table that shows the payment schedule to determine the interest expense for each year. c) Prepare the journal entries for River Ltd. using the Net Method at the following date. • 1/1/2017 • 31/12/2017 • 31/12/2018 (11 marks. Word limit: n/a) Please provide unique answer than others.

DU Journeys enters into an agreement with Traveler Inc. to lease a car on December 31, 2016. The following information relates to this agreement.

1.    The term of the non-cancelable lease is 3 years with no renewal or bargain purchase option. The remaining economic life of the car is 3 years, and it is expected to have no residual value at the end of the lease term.

2.    The fair value of the car was $15,000 at commencement of the lease.

3.    Annual payments are required to be made on December 31 at the end of each year of the lease, beginning December 31, 2017. The first payment is to be of an amount of $5,552.82, with each payment increasing by a constant rate of 5% from the previous payment (i.e., the second payment will be $5,830.46 and the third and final payment will be $6,121.98).

4.    DU Journeys' incremental borrowing rate is 8%. The rate implicit in the lease is unknown.

5.    DU Journeys uses straight-line depreciation for all similar cars.

Instructions

(a) Prepare DU Journeys' journal entries for 2016, 2017, and 2018.

How do i find the present value of the 3 yearly payments? I searched this question already and am confused on the answers i have found.

Assume that the following facts pertain to a non-cancelable lease agreement between Coco Inc. and Bubs, Corp, a Lessee.

Inception date

January 1, 2017

Residual value of equipment at end of lease term, unguaranteed

$50,000

Lease term

6 years

Economic life of leased equipment

8 years

Fair value of asset at January 1, 2017

$400,000

Lessor's implicit rate

12%

Lessee's incremental borrowing rate

10%

The lessee assumes responsibility for all executory costs, which are expected to amount to $2,000 per year. The asset will revert to the lessor at the end of the lease term. The lessee uses the straight-line depreciation method for all equipment.

Create an amortization schedule that would be suitable for the lessee for the lease term.

Prepare journal entries for the lessee for 2017 and 2018 to record the lease agreement and all expenses related to the lease. Assume the Lessee's annual accounting period ends on December 31 and that reversing entries are used when appropriate.

Analyze the specific outcomes and write an analysis directed toward the team at Coco Inc. describing what the numbers mean and how they relate to the business.

Exercise 21A-5 a-c

Sage Hill Leasing Company signs an agreement on January 1, 2017, to lease equipment to Cole Company. The following information relates to this agreement.

a. Assuming the lessor desires a 8% rate of return on its investment, calculate the amount of the annual rental payment required.

b. Prepare an amortization schedule that is suitable for the lessor for the lease term.

c. Prepare all of the journal entries for the lessor for 2017 and 2018 to record the lease agreement, the receipt of lease payments, and the recognition of revenue. Assume the lessor’s annual accounting period ends on December 31, and it does not use reversing entries.

Exercise 21A-10 a-d

The following facts pertain to a non-cancelable lease agreement between Cullumber Leasing Company and Marin Company, a lessee.

The collectibility of the lease payments by Cullumber is probable.

Prepare a lease amortization schedule for Marin for the 5-year lease term.

Prepare the journal entries on the lessee’s books to reflect the signing of the lease agreement and to record the payments and expenses related to this lease for the years 2017 and 2018. Marin’s annual accounting period ends on December 31. Reversing entries are used by Marin. (Credit account titles are automatically indented when amount is entered. Do not indent manually. Round answers to 2 decimal places, e.g. 5,275.15.)

A company database needs to store information about employees (identified by ssn, with salary and phone as attributes), departments (identified by dno, with dname and budget as attributes), and children of employees (with name, age, and relationship to the employee as attributes). Employees work in departments; each department is managed by an employee; a child must be identified uniquely by name when the parent (who is an employee; assume that only one parent works for the company) is known. We are not interested in information about a child once the parent leaves the company.

Please provide me SQL statements to create the corresponding relations and capture as many of the constraints as possible.

1. Use PubMed or another abstract database to find an academic journal article on a health topic of interest to you. Read the article to find the answers to these questions: (a) What was the main study question? (b) Who participated in the study, where did it take place, and when was it conducted? (c) What study design was used? and (d) What was the answer to the main study question?

2. Find a recent news story from the popular press about a newly released health research report. Look up and read the scientific article on which the news report was based. Was the news story accurate? Did it leave out any critical information?

3. Do you identify with a particular ethnic group? Do you know of any health conditions that you are at special risk for because of your ethnic background? Are these conditions genetic? Are they related to health behaviors?

4. What are some of the conditions related to poverty that increase the risk of infectious diseases? Noncommunicable disease? Neuropsychiatric disorders? Injuries?

1. Use PubMed or another abstract database to find an academic journal article on a health topic of interest to you. Read the article to find the answers to these questions:

(a) What was the main study question?

(b) Who participated in the study, where did it take place, and when was it conducted?

(c) What study design was used?

(d) What was the answer to the main study question?

2. Find a recent news story from the popular press about a newly released health research report. Look up and read the scientific article on which the news report was based. Was the news story accurate? Did it leave out any critical information?

3. Do you identify with a particular ethnic group? Do you know of any health conditions that you are at special risk for because of your ethnic background? Are these conditions genetic? Are they related to health behaviors?

4. What are some of the conditions related to poverty that increase the risk of infectious diseases? Noncommunicable disease? Neuropsychiatric disorders? Injuries?