Python Please

Simulating a random walk in two dimensions.

For this part, you will use a two-dimensional grid where the x axis goes from -50 to +50 and the y axis also goes from -50 to +50. The particle will start at the middle of the left edge (x, y) = (−50,0), and we’ll put the outlet/absorber in the middle of the right edge (x, y) = (+50,0). Again, the particle will diffuse around randomly between these points and when the absorbing point at (x, y) = (+50,0) is reached, the simulation ends. At each time step, the particle can move one step on the grid and your simulation will update the particle’s x and y positions accordingly. Here are the rules for the random walk:

At each time step:

1. If the particle is not at an edge, it can take a step of one grid spacing in any of four directions: ±x, ±y; these should all be equally probable.

2. If the particle is at one of the edges, but not at the absorber, it cannot pass out of the box. It should have a 50% probability of taking a step perpendicularly away from the wall, and a 25% chance of stepping in either of the directions along the wall.

3. If the particle is at a corner, it has a 50% chance of going in either of the two directions along the walls.

4. If the particle touches the absorbing point at (x, y) = (+50,0), the random walk ends.

Part 2. Simulate a single 2d random walk until absorption.

D. (20 pts) Write a program that executes one ‘walk’ and calculates the number of steps the particle takes before being absorbed – the residence time of our two-dimensional lake for that tracer. You will be assessed on whether you have correctly implemented the walking rules above.

E. (10 pts) Make a plot of the trajectory taken by the particle (positions in x,y).

a. Label the x and y axes appropriately, and give the plot a title

b. Indicate the starting position with a black asterisk and the end position with a red asterisk.

F. (5 pts) Print the time (i.e. number of steps) it took for the particle to be absorbed.

3. A project with an up-front cost at t=0 of $1500 is being considered by Nationwide PharmaceuticalCorporation (NPC). (All dollars in this problem are in thousands.) The project’s subsequent cash flows arecritically dependent on whether a competitor’s product that is now under development is approved by the Food and Drug Administration. If the FDA rejects the competitive product upon the completion of its development, NPC’s product will have high sales and cash flows, but if the competitive product is approved, that will negatively impact NPC. There is a 75% chance that the competitive product will be rejected, inwhich case NPC’s expected cash flows will be $550 at the end of each of the next seven years (t = 1 to 7). There is a 25% chance that the competitor’s product will be approved, in which case the expected cashflows will be only $20 at the end of each of the next seven years (t = 1 to 7). NPC will know only sometime later whether the competitor’s product is going to be approved.

NPC will proceed with the investment today to take advantage of the untapped market potential and at theend of the project’s life, after finding out about the FDA’s decision about the demand for competitor’sproduct, they will decide whether or not to renew the patent and rerun the project. The project rerun’s up- front cost (at t = 7) will remain at $1,500, and the subsequent cash flows will remain unchanged and will be received for seven additional years (t = 8 ... 14). They will only rerun the project if the rerun of the project adds value.

Assuming that all cash flows are discounted at 10%, use the black-Scholes model to estimate the value of the option. Assume that the variance from the project’s rate of return is 0.2524 and the risk-free rate is 7%. (5 points)

a. What is the present value of end-of-year cash flows of $7,000 per year, with the first cash flow received five years from today and the last one 40 years from today? Assume interest rate of 10%.

1. $41,271.67
2. $44,496.49
3. $45,733.15
4. $46,264.30
5. $50,218.30

b. What is the value of a 30-year annuity that pays $1250 a year? The annuity’s first payment will be received on year 11. Also, assume that the annual interest rate is 6 percent for years 1 through 10 and 7 percent hereafter.

1. $14,271.67
2. $15,511.30
3. c. $12,733.15
4. $9,969.81
5. $8,661.43

You are presenting a class in hacking at CCSU. You find code online that that has been used to exploit weaknesses in an information system to download information from that system. You have an agreement with CCSU that allows you to be a “white hat hacker” to identify weaknesses in its security systems. During the class you run the software which actually penetrates the CCSU system, and the school newspaper runs an article. It turns out the code was written by another “white hat” hacker. She files suit against you for copyright infringement. Looking at the relevant factors, can you argue that your use is protected under the fair use doctrine?

Your firm has a client who has been a management accountant for many years and is now also teaching part-time at TAFE and has recently acquired a rental property. We prepared his Tax Return, sent it out for signature. He has sent the Tax Return back to us unsigned, saying that we had made an error in claiming a tax deduction for the interest and expenses for the first four months that he owned the rental property, as it was not earning income at the time, as it runs counter to the matching principle. Required: Your manager has asked you to prepare an essay exploring this issue. Explaining to the client diplomatically that he is in error

A Toyota Prius is a full hybrid electric automobile that costs $30,000 with 55 mpg. A Toyota Yaris is a normal car that runs on gasoline, and costs $15,000 with 35 mpg. After 100,000 miles, the Prius requires a battery replacement that costs $3,000. Suppose you drive 10 miles per day and 1 gallon of gas costs $4. How much would you have to spend on gas for each car after 10 years? Which car would cost you more money after 10 years? How much different are the gas prices between the Prius and the Yaris (10 miles per day x 10 years)?

Q) You have been asked to develop a program which processes C++ null-terminated strings to extract character and numerical data separately. Assume that the users runs the application (examTest.exe) from the command line as follows: examTest.exe X-Axis:10,Y-Axis:17,Z-Axis:-6 Your application should step through the input arguments and extract the values of the XAxis, Y-Axis and Z-Axis commands. The user must always enter the arguments in the specified order, however your application should check they are correct. At the end of your application, the values of X-Axis, Y-Axis and Z-Axis should be stored as separate integers.

21.- Explain and give examples of each of the four key elements included in digital marketing. For each element, explain the flow of information between consumers and firms or organizations.

22.- The following data are collected after a firm runs a search marketing campaign. The average margin per transaction generated from the search marketing program is $200.

Determine each of the following metrics for the program detailed above:

1. Click-through rate
2. Conversion rate
3. Cost per click
4. Cost per sale or transaction
5. Profit from the search ad program
6. Search ad return on investment

Jack Stewart is an employee of Dr. Sloan’s medical practice, where he earns a salary of $100,000 in 2019. He also runs his own business on the side and earns $50,000 of net self-employment income in 2019. How much Self-Employment (SE) tax does Jack owe for 2019 related to his $50,000 self-employment income?

Considering the SE tax you calculated for Jack Stewart in the previous question, and also that Jack, who files single, paid $4,000 in student loan interest and made a $7,000 cash contribution to a qualified charity, what is Jack’s 2019 AGI? (His gross income was $150,000) (12 points)