1. Under coverage is a problem that occurs in surveys when some groups in the population are underrepresented in the sampling frame used to select the sample.  We can check for under coverage by comparing the sample with known facts about the population.
   1. Suppose we take an SRS of n = 500 people from a population that is 25% Hispanic.  How many Hispanics are expected in a given sample? 125
   2. What is the standard deviation for the number of Hispanics in a sample? 9.682
   3. Can the normal approximation to the binomial be used to help make probabilistic statements about samples from this population? The normal approximation to the binomial can be used to help make probabilistic statements about samples about this population because npq (93.75) is greater than 5 which is what is needed in order to make probabilistic statements.
   4. Would a sample mean with 100 Hispanic people be different from the population mean?  Give the p-value and explain your reasoning.
   5. What is the confidence interval for the sample mean of 100?
   6. Does the confidence interval agree with your p-value, explain your reasoning.
   7. Would you suspect undercoverage in a sample with 100 Hispanics?  Explain your reasoning.

Use R.  Provide Solution and R Code within each problem.

For this section use the dataset “PlantGrowth”, available in base R (you do not need to download any packages).

a.Construct a 95% confidence interval for the true mean weight.

b.Interpret the confidence interval in 1. in the context of the problem.

c.Write down the null and alternative hypothesis to determine if the mean weight of the plants is less than 5.

d.Conduct a statistical test to determine if the mean weight of the plants is less than 5. Use α = 0.05.

i.Pvalue

ii.Conclusion

1. Explain the conflict between regionalism and the GATT/WTO system. Make sure your answer addresses trade creation versus trade diversion

2. Explain the two major reasons why the GATT/WTO process has stalled. Who is harmed by a “nonfunctioning” global trade negotiating system? What would it take to reinvigorate the process?

3.  Through what processes did cartels try to manipulate the price of commodities? State and briefly explain two mechanisms.

1.5a. Explain why, in our model of an isolated market, the intersection of demand and supply curves may be thought of as an equilibrium.

b. Draw a diagram in which equilibrium arises without the intersection of demand and supply curves at a price of zero. Make your diagram large, label all curves and axes, and identify the equilibrium point. 2 1.6. Suppose you observed that in the market for wheat, 20 million bushels were sold during the first week in September for $1.00 per bushel, and that during the second week in September 25 million bushels were sold at a price of $1.25 per bushel. a. Construct a model of the market (not of consumer or firm behavior) to explain what happened. Be sure to state all of the assumptions you make. If you draw a diagram in your answer, make it large and label all curves, axes, and points. b. Use your model to explain (i) how price and quantity were determined each week and (ii) why the price of wheat went up $.25 from one week to the next.

PLEASE READ AND ANSWER

ACCOUNTING STARBUCKS 10-K (2016-2018)

Review the 2016-2018 10-Ks, Part 1, Items 1, 1A, 2, 3, and Part II, Items 7 and 8. Part I contains a discussion on the business model, risk factors, properties, and legal issues. Part II contains Management’s Discussion and Analyses, the financial statements and the notes to the financial statements. All these statements are referred to as management assertions. Parts I and II contain discussions on many types of risk that the business may be exposed to. You should read through all these areas. Once your team has read through Parts I and II, you are to answer a set of questions at the end of this section of deliverable two. The following narrative elaborates on each area you are to read.

Part 1, Item 1. Business

In this discussion, Starbucks discusses its business model, how it segments it financial information, and how it categorizes and earns revenue.

Part 1, Item 1A. Risk Factors

In this discussion, Starbucks discusses the risks that it has identified as material and has decided to share with the public. Although a company such as Starbucks has to disclose risks, the SEC madates a separate section to discuss risks. However, risks can be identified by reading other areas of the Annual Report and observations of its store operations.

Starbucks identifies the following 15 material risks:

1. Economic conditions in the U.S. and international markets could adversely affect our business and financial results.

2. Our success depends substantially on the value of our brands and failure to preserve their value, either through our actions or those of our business partners, could have a negative impact on our financial results.

3. Incidents involving food or beverage-borne illnesses, tampering, adulteration, contamination or mislabeling, whether or not accurate, as well as adverse public or medical opinions about the health effects of consuming our products, could harm our business.

4. The unauthorized access, use, theft or destruction of customer or employee personal, financial or other data or of Starbucks proprietary or confidential information that is stored in our information systems or by third parties on our behalf could impact our reputation and brand and expose us to potential liability and loss of revenues.

5. We rely heavily on information technology in our operations and growth initiatives, and any material failure, inadequacy, interruption or security failure of that technology could harm our ability to effectively operate and grow our business and could adversely affect our financial results.

6. We may not be successful in implementing important strategic initiatives or effectively managing growth, which may have an adverse impact on our business and financial results.

7. We face intense competition in each of our channels and markets, which could lead to reduced profitability.

8. We are highly dependent on the financial performance of our Americas operating segment.

9. We are increasingly dependent on the success of certain international markets in order to achieve our growth targets.

10. Increases in the cost of high-quality arabica coffee beans or other commodities or decreases in the availability of high-quality arabica coffee beans or other commodities could have an adverse impact on our business and financial results.

11. Our financial condition and results of operations are sensitive to, and may be adversely affected by, a number of factors, many of which are largely outside our control.

12. Interruption of our supply chain could affect our ability to produce or deliver our products and could negatively impact our business and profitability.

13. Failure to meet market expectations for our financial performance and fluctuations in the stock market as a whole will likely adversely affect the market price and volatility of our stock.

14. The loss of key personnel or difficulties recruiting and retaining qualified personnel could adversely impact our business and financial results.

15. Failure to comply with applicable laws and changing legal and regulatory requirements could harm our business and financial results.

Part 1, Item 2. Properties

In this discussion, Starbucks discloses select properties that it owns, providing locations, sizes and purposes. This information can help a reader understand what properties may be at risk and how Starbuck’s operations could be affected if something were to happen to one or more properties.

Part 1, Item 2. Legal Proceedings

Starbucks elaborates on their legal proceedings in Item 15, Commitments and Contingencies. Many companies do the same.

Part II, Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analyses

This discussion is management’s interpretation of the results of its operations. An important point to be made is that this is management’s interpretations, not anyone elses. Management of companies tend to highlight the positive and suppress the negative. They tend to guide the discussion they way they want. In this section, you may get a better idea what risks management may find important and those they may try to minimize. For your purposes, it is filled with good information that may help you further understand the trends in the horizontal, vertical, and ratio analysis that you performed.

Part II, Item 8. Index to the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

In this discussion, management further clarifies information contained in the income statement, balance sheet and statement of cash flows. Starbucks discloses eighteen notes. However, for purposes of this project we are only going to focus on notes 1, 5, 7, 8, 9, and 15. In Note 1, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, only focus on the discussion about the business, estimates, cash and cash equivalents, Receivables, net of Allowance for Doubtful Accounts, Property, Plant and Equipment, and Revenue Recognition. Note 5 discusses inventories in detail and will give you insight on where Starbucks get inventory and how it categorizes it. Note 7 contains Supplemental Balance Sheet Information, which discusses Property, Plant and Equipment, and Accrued Liabilities. Note 9 discusses Debt (Liabilities). In this section, Starbucks discusses in a lot of detail how it funds its operations. This discussion is involved. You may want to read it just to see how complex accounting for debt can be and the risks that Starbucks takes to pay back financing agreements. Item 15 discusses Commitments and Contingencies. What is important in this section is the legal proceedings, which is a gold mine for identifying potential risks.

Then, after you read those sections you have to answer the following 5 questions, as a Q&A, not an essay, about a paragraph for each question:

1) Of the 15 risks that Starbuck’s management discloses, which one do you think could most adversely affect the balance sheet and why?

2. Of the 15 risks that Starbuck’s management discloses, which one do you think could most adversely affect the income statement and why?

3. Of the 15 risks that Starbuck’s management discloses, which one do you think could most adversely affect the Cash Flow Statement and why?

4. Risk number 10 above states “Increases in the cost of high-quality arabica coffee beans or other commodities or decreases in the availability of high-quality arabica coffee beans or other commodities could have an adverse impact on our business and financial results.” Which ratios would be adversely affected if increases in cost or supply chain disruptions occurred for arabica beans? Explain why.

5. Compare your readings of management’s assertions and your findings of your vertical, horizontal, ratio and chart analysis. Discrepancies may exist between what the ratios are indicating and what management is telling you. Is management telling the public one thing, but the financial information indicates another? Explain to the best of your ability.

THANK YOU SO MUCH!

Children's Literature Course Reflection

Please reflect on our time together. Write a college-level essay that discusses what you've learned about yourself and children's literature. You may refer to your Discussions, class notes, or completed assignments. Your paper should be 500+ words and completed using APA format.

Consider using the following as section headers:

• Should children's literature should be studied by all adults?
• Before this class I thought . . . . now I know that . . . .
• Now that I've reflected on children's literature, my classroom/home will always . . .
• My favorite genre is . . .
• I wish I had learned more about . . . .
• I will always/never do round robin reading.
• I will share XXX with my family/students
• I will apply what I learned in this class by . . .
• If I had $500 to spend on books, I would include XXX in my collection...
• Respectful changes that can be made to this class are....
• Be sure to keep _____________ as a part of this class because...

Question 3)The final grades in Math class of 80 students at State University are recorded in the accompanying table.

A.The given data set is in ascending order. If class interval size is 3 for the constructed 14 classes, find “m”.(Note: This section is not related with section B)

B.Construct a frequency table with 8 classes and find its frequencies.

i)Find median class

ii)Sketch the ogive curves by using either the cumulative frequency or the cumulative relative frequency.

iii)Using the ogive curve find the following probabilities:

P(x<76.5)=

P(x>88.5)=

P(x>84)=

P(x<90)=

P(74<x<92)=

P(x=78)=

iv)Find interquartile range (IQR)

v)Sketch box and whisker plot.

vi)Comment on skewness.

vii)The standard deviation and mean of another math class of 49 students from Technology University is 10.3 and 88.6, respectively. Compare the Math class in State University with Math class in Technology University, which one is more consistent? In other words which Math class has less spread of values around its mean? Show your work and explain why?Note: You can find the necessary parameters for the State University either from raw data given or from the frequency table you constructed.

In flies, eye color is a sex-linked trait. At this locus, the wild-type allele results in red eye color and the mutant results in white eye color. Start with the P generation in which one parent has red eyes and the second parent has white eyes, and discuss offspring and crosses in the F1 and F2 generations in the following two conditions: 1. male with white eyes and female with red eyes; 2. male with red eyes and female with white eyes. After doing that, compare that with what would be the case if red vs white eye color was autosomal.