1. Amino acid symbols and properties. Complete the table. Spend several minutes looking at Table 3-1 first. Then try to fill in the below by memory. Then try to remember those you forgot. The one and two letter codes are how parts of genome sequence are reported. You will need to understand this language to interpret these data, which are increasingly used in medicine and research. These symbols are used in many subsequent lecture as well.

Case on Job-Order Costing and Pricing Decisions

Nutratask, Inc., is a pharmaceutical manufacturer of amino-acid-chelated minerals and vitamin supplements. The company was founded in 1974 and is capable of performing all manufacturing functions, including packaging and laboratory functions. Currently, the company markets its products in the United States, Canada, Australia, Japan, and Belgium.

Mineral chelation enhances the mineral's availability to the body, making the mineral a more effective supplement. Most of the chelates supplied by Nutratask are in powder form, but the company has the capability to make tablets or capsules.

The production of all chelates follows a similar pattern. Upon receiving an order, the company's chemist prepares a load sheet (a bill of materials that specifies the product, the theoretical yield, and the quantities of materials that should be used). Once the load sheet is received by production, the materials are requisitioned and sent to the blending room. The chemicals and minerals are added in the order specified and blended together for two to eight hours, depending on the product. After blending, the mix is put on long trays and sent to the drying room, where it is allowed to dry until the moisture content is 7 to 9 percent. Drying time for most products is from one to three days.

After the product is dry, several small samples are taken and sent to a laboratory to be checked for bacterial level and to determine whether the product meets customer specifications. If the product is not fit for human consumption or if it fails to meet customer specifications, additional materials are added under the direction of the chemist to bring the product up to standard. Once the product passes inspection, it is ground into a powder of different meshes (particle sizes) according to customer specifications. The powder is then placed in heavy cardboard drums and shipped to the customer (or, if requested, put in tablet or capsule form and then shipped).

Since each order is customized to meet the special needs of its customers, Nutratask uses a job-order costing system. Recently, Nutratask received a request for a 300-kilogram order of potassium aspartate. The customer offered to pay $8.80/kg. Upon receiving the request and the customer's specifications, Lanny Smith, the marketing manager, requested a load sheet from the company's chemist. The load sheet prepared showed the following material requirements:

The theoretical yield is 300 kg.

Lanny also reviewed past jobs that were similar to the requested order and discovered that the expected direct labor time was 16 hours. The production workers at Nutratask earn an average of $12.50 per hour.

Purchasing sent Lanny a list of prices for the materials needed for the job.

Overhead is applied using a companywide rate based on direct labor dollars. The rate for the current period is 110 percent of direct labor dollars.

Whenever a customer requests a bid, Nutratask usually estimates the manufacturing costs of the job and then adds a markup of 30 percent. This markup varies depending on the competition and general economic conditions. Currently, the industry is thriving, and Nutratask is operating at capacity.

Required:

1. Prepare a job-order cost sheet for the proposed job. If required, round your answers to the nearest cent. If an answer box does not require an entry, leave it blank.

For the following: When required, round your answers to the nearest cent.

What is the expected per-unit cost including the markup (the price charged)?
$__ per unit

Should Nutratask accept the price offered by the prospective customer?

No

2. Suppose Nutratask and the prospective customer agree on a price of cost plus 30 percent. What is the gross profit that Nutratask expects to earn on the job? Round your intermediate and final answers to the nearest cent.
$___

3. Suppose that the actual costs of producing 300 kg of potassium aspartate were as follows: Round your intermediate and final answers to the nearest cent.

What is the actual per-unit cost?
$__ per unit

The bid price is based on expected costs. How much did Nutratask gain (or lose) because of the actual costs differing from the expected costs?
Loss     $__

There is always a catch. When it comes to investing the catch is risk. In an earlier week we talked about borrowing money as a leap of faith. The lender expects you to repay the loan - but they can't know for sure. They can "secure" their loan against what you borrowed for - the car or the house. For the lender, there is the risk though that they don't get the full value back. If you invest in shares - you are the last one to get paid. Everybody else gets paid before the shareholder. So they take a big leap of faith! So debt (bonds, fixed interest securities) is lower risk than shares - but lower returns as well. That's the catch. If you expect high returns you are going to have to stomach higher risk - the roller coaster of returns is steeper. So how much risk can you tolerate? The text emphasizes that when you are investing you need to consider the risk of your human capital. How risky do you consider your human capital? Is you human capital higher/lower than the average? Why ?

The great English economist Lionel Robbins defined economics as "Economics is the science which studies human behaviour as a relationship between ends and scarce means which have alternative uses." This means that economists looks at our limited resources - like money, time, energy, intelligence etc. - and how we decide what the best choices are for how to use them, with the goal of maximizing the benefits. As you can see, this opens up almost all of human activity to study by economics.

For this first assignment you are to describe 3-4 areas of human behavior not typically associated with economics and how economics can be used to help understand the reasons for the choices made. Along with the text, you are welcome to use any resources you want. Your work should be 3-4 pages long, double spaced, and adhere to APA standards. All direct quotes, references etc. must be clearly cited in accordance with APA guidelines. Work submitted must be primarily in your own words. Submitting the writing of other students is unacceptable.

1. Genetic variation is the difference in DNA sequences between individuals within a population. The human genome has about 3 × 10⁹ base pairs of DNA, and between any two humans, the amount of genetic variation is about 0.1%. In other words, about 1 bp in every 1,000 bp of DNA will be different between two random individuals. Any two individuals have about 6 × 10⁶ base pairs that are different. Therefore, we can say that there is considerable genetic variation in humans and it is important to understand every kind of genetic variation and to develop specialized techniques to analyze these variations. Only then, we can identify and relate these variations with human health and disease.

1. Please consider our whole genome and write and briefly explain every possible type of human genetic variation that you can think of.
2. Choose two variations from part (i) and state two different techniques to identify these two variations. Please explain briefly how these techniques can detect these variations.
3. What may be the effect of genetic variations, if they are found in protein coding regions of genes?

You are the Executive Director of Human Resources for the College of New Caledonia. There is a global pandemic called COVID-19 causing unprecedented disruption to society, business operations, and global economies. Every one is feeling the impacts and no one is immune to this including your organization CNC. The President of the College of New Caledonia has asked you as the Executive Director of Human Resources to prepare a Human Resources Pandemic Plan for the organizations COVID-19 response. To create a comprehensive plan, you are required to pay particular attention to a few key details that will impact employees.

In your plan, briefly discuss the following topics (and provide your reasoning):

1,Compensation plans for employees - is peoples pay changing as a result of disrupted work?

2.Employee benefits and services plans for employees - is this changing as a result of disrupted work?

3.Health and Safety decisions made to protect employees.

4.Union partners collaboration and communication – what is the plan for how you work with the unions?

5.What will happen if employees are non compliant with recommendations or are not able to work to expected standards?

word limit should be 1500 to 2000

A team of visiting polio eradication workers were informed during their orientation session that population-wide studies done in their host country showed that the risk of polio in villages of that country was strongly epidemiologically associated with the village’s economic/human development circumstances, which ranged greatly from village to village.  In some villages, residents lived in hand-constructed huts with no running water, no latrines or sewage disposal areas, and no electricity.  In other places, residents lived in wooden or adobe homes which, though modest by Western standards, had all of the above services in place and whose street side craft shops and food markets did a brisk business, catering both to locals and visitors.

Knowing this information, the team went into several villages and attempted to assign a “human development rating” to each family.  This was based on that family’s income situation, access to running water, access to elementary school for their children, and the condition of the home. To their surprise, they found that families in all the villages had no difference in polio risk based on the family’s human development rating.

A team of visiting polio eradication workers were informed during their orientation session that population-wide studies done in their host country showed that the risk of polio in villages of that country was strongly epidemiologically associated with the village’s economic/human development circumstances, which ranged greatly from village to village.  In some villages, residents lived in hand-constructed huts with no running water, no latrines or sewage disposal areas, and no electricity.  In other places, residents lived in wooden or adobe homes which, though modest by Western standards, had all of the above services in place and whose street side craft shops and food markets did a brisk business, catering both to locals and visitors.

Knowing this information, the team went into several villages and attempted to assign a “human development rating” to each family. This was based on that family’s income situation, access to running water, access to elementary school for their children, and the condition of the home. To their surprise, they found that families in all the villages had no difference in polio risk based on the family’s human development rating.