Look at situation where there are 2 molecules of the same protein, which means same primary sequence. In addition they fold at the same time in the same funnel. Each protein, which is represented by a marble, is predicted to take a special path as it moves down the funnel during the folding process. While it folds, it is possible that the two proteins collide on the way down the funnel, and as a result of this collision, one or both of those proteins misfolds (forms a kinetic trap). As with any collision, energy is exchanged between the colliding molecules, and we can assume that the energy changes as a result of the collision contribute to potential misfolding. How can one represent how energy changes (thermodynamic state functions) in the funnel model as collision has to take place for both proteins to account for the resulting misfolds?

1. Jami and Fred are two neighbors and they are trying to decide if they should put a hedge between their two yards to increase their privacy. The cost of the hedge would be $1,000. Jami values the hedge at $800 and Fred values the hedge at $600. If there is no hedge the status quo remains and they each have net benefits of zero. The plan would be for each neighbor to contribute half of the cost for the hedge. Whoever calls the landscaper will have to pay at the time of the service and collect the other neighbors contribution on their own.

1. Would either person be willing to pay for the service on their own? Explain whether or not this example illustrates the point that public goods tend to be underprovided.
2. Create a payoff matrix for this game.
3. Write down the outcomes of all four of the potential moves.
4. What is the Nash Equilibrium for this game?
5. Is this an example of a “prisoner’s dilemma” game? Explain.

1. a. Consider the following sequences, which are pieces of a larger, independently folding polypeptide. Which sequence is more likely to form an alpha helix, and which is more likely to form a beta-hairpin—a two-stranded antiparallel beta-sheet in which the strands are separated by a turn?

Sequence A: I F I C T T G P N A T V I C V F V

Sequence B: M D R L M E A M A K L D H L L A E

b. How do the structures of the residues I, V, and T versus L and M contribute to the conformational preferences of these two sequences?

c. Which residues likely form the turn between the stands in the beta-hairpin? Why are these residues suited for this structure?

Covid 19: One of the problems that arises with patients suffering from COVID 19 is due to accumulation of fluid in their lungs. This makes it very difficult to breathe. You have walked into the emergency room and the interns are arguing about osmosis, diffusion and the symptoms of Covid. One of the interns is arguing that there is no link between the sysmptoms of Covid and osmosis and the other is saying yes there is. Since they know you are taking physiology this summer they turn to you ask you for your opinion.

1. Since Covid starts as a respiratory infection, is there a symptom and/or condition that would involve water movement and what would that be? (2 pt)

2. What would cause water to move to cause this condition or symptom? (2 pt)

3.How would our innate immune response contribute to this issue?

Immunology

Describe the two signals needed to activate B and T cells Describe the structure of a lymph node and relate this structure to the function of the lymph node in concentrating antigen and initiating an immune response.

Explain how an ELISA is used to quantify antibody concentrations and measure an immune response.

Understand how to interpret FACS data including side vs forward scatter, MFI values and multicolor staining profiles Distinguish between how B and T cells recognize antigens.

Describe the 4 mechanisms which contribute to B cell receptor diversity Detail the molecular regulation of VDJ recombination

Describe the formation of SMACs and their role in T cell activation What are ITAMs and what role do they play in the initiation of B and T cell recepetor signaling?

Figure Four is a distributor of pharmaceutical products. Its ABC system has five​ activities:

Rick​ Flair, the controller of Figure Four​, wants to use this ABC system to examine individual customer profitability within each distribution market. He focuses first on the Ma and Pa​ single-store distribution market. Using only two customers helps highlight the insights available with the ABC approach. Data pertaining to these two customers in August 2013 are as​ follows:

The Computer Warehouse sells computer hardware, software, and supplies (such as paper). Individual customers just walk into the store, select merchandise, and must pay for their purchases in full before leaving the store. Corporate customers, however, call in orders in advance, so that the items are waiting to be picked up. Corporate customers may charge their purchases to their account. The Computer Warehouse mails corporate customers monthly statements that summarize all purchases made the prior month. Corporate customers pay the entire balance, as listed on the monthly statement, with one check or EFT transaction.

The Computer Warehouse purchases its inventory from more than a dozen different vendors. Orders are placed via telephone, fax, or on the supplier’s Web site. Most orders are delivered the next day. Most orders are filled completely in one shipment, but sometimes a supplier is out of stock of a particular item. In such situations, the bulk of the order is shipped immediately and the out-of-stock item is shipped separately as soon as it arrives (such shipments of back orders are never combined with any new orders placed by the Computer Warehouse). The Computer Warehouse pays for some of its purchases COD but usually pays by the 10th of the month for all purchases made the prior month. None of its suppliers allows it to make installment payments.

Requirements (Only Q3 and Q4)

1. Draw an REA Diagram for Computer Warehouse revenue cycle, complete with cardinalities.

2. Draw an REA Diagram for Computer Warehouse expenditure cycle, complete with cardinalities.

3. Draw an integrated REA diagram for the above two cycles, complete with proper cardinalities.

4. Develop a set of tables to implement the integrated REA diagram you developed earlier for the Computer Warehouse in a relational database. Specify a primary key for each table, and suggest at least one other attribute that should be included in each table.

Q1) The Buffet Company produces and sells Parrot-head t-shirts. Income statements for two activity levels are provided below:

Required:

1. Identify the mixed expenses.
2. Use the high-low method to separate the mixed costs into variable and fixed components.
3. Prepare a contribution margin income statement at the 50,000 unit level.

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Q2) The Mean Cleaning Machine (MCM) Company and the Acme Cleaning Service provide janitorial services to commercial and residential customers in a major metropolitan area. MCM pays its employees $10 per hour for commercial jobs and $12.50 per hour for residential jobs. Acme pays its workers salaries. Acme’s total labor costs run $200,000 per year. Both companies charge their commercial customers an average of $15 per hour and the residential customers $25 per hour.

Required:

1. Prepare a contribution margin income statement for each company assuming they provide 15,000 hours of service to commercial customers and 4,000 hours of service to residential customers during the period and incurred no other expenses than those mentioned above.
2. A new service has recently entered the market specializing in residential cleaning at substantial lower rates. Both MCM and Ace are contemplating getting out of the residential business. Prepare a contribution margin income statement for each company assuming they do exit the residential business.
3. Which company will fare better if the residential business is eliminated? Why?

QUESTION 2

1. VF is a small accounting firm supporting wealthy individuals in their preparation of annual income tax statements. Every December, VF sends out a short survey to their customers, asking for the information required for preparing the tax statements. Based on 24 years of experience, VF categorizes their cases into the following groups:

   • Group 1 (new customers, easy): 25 percent of cases

   • Group 2 (new customers, complex): 20 percent of cases

   • Group 3 (repeat customers, easy): 30 percent of cases

   • Group 4 (repeat customers, complex): 25 percent of cases

   Here, “easy” versus “complex” refers to the complexity of the customer’s earning situation. In order to prepare the income tax statement, VF needs to complete the following set of activities. Processing times (and even which activities need to be carried out) depend on which group a tax statement falls into. All of the following processing times are expressed in minutes per income tax statement.  

   Group	Filing	Initial Meeting	Preparation	Senior Accountant Review	Writing
   1	20	30	120	20	50
   2	40	90	300	60	80
   3	20	No	150	5	60
   4	40	No	200	30	60

   The activities are carried out by the following three persons:

   • Administrative support person: filing and writing.

   • Senior accountant (who is also the owner): initial meeting, review by senior accountant.

   • Junior accountant: preparation.

   Assume that all three persons work eight hours per day and 22 days a month. For the following questions, assume the product mix as described above. Assume that there are 50 income tax statements arriving each month.

e. What is the implied utilization rate for the senior account? (Round your answer to the nearest whole number and ignore the percentage sign. For example, if your answer is 0.45 or 45%, fill in 45; if your answer is 0.76 or 76%, fill in 76.

(Problems 1.19, 1.23 and 2.4. from KNN) The director of admissions of a small college selected 120 students at random from the new freshman class in a study to determine whether a student’s grade point average (GPA) at the end of the freshman year (Y) can be predicted from the ACT test score (X).

3.897 21
3.885 14
3.778 28
2.540 22
3.028 21
3.865 31
2.962 32
3.961 27
0.500 29
3.178 26
3.310 24
3.538 30
3.083 24
3.013 24
3.245 33
2.963 27
3.522 25
3.013 31
2.947 25
2.118 20
2.563 24
3.357 21
3.731 28
3.925 27
3.556 28
3.101 26
2.420 28
2.579 22
3.871 26
3.060 21
3.927 25
2.375 16
2.929 28
3.375 26
2.857 22
3.072 24
3.381 21
3.290 30
3.549 27
3.646 26
2.978 26
2.654 30
2.540 24
2.250 26
2.069 29
2.617 24
2.183 31
2.000 15
2.952 19
3.806 18
2.871 27
3.352 16
3.305 27
2.952 26
3.547 24
3.691 30
3.160 21
2.194 20
3.323 30
3.936 29
2.922 25
2.716 23
3.370 25
3.606 23
2.642 30
2.452 21
2.655 24
3.714 32
1.806 18
3.516 23
3.039 20
2.966 23
2.482 18
2.700 18
3.920 29
2.834 20
3.222 23
3.084 26
4.000 28
3.511 34
3.323 20
3.072 20
2.079 26
3.875 32
3.208 25
2.920 27
3.345 27
3.956 29
3.808 19
2.506 21
3.886 24
2.183 27
3.429 25
3.024 18
3.750 29
3.833 24
3.113 27
2.875 21
2.747 19
2.311 18
1.841 25
1.583 18
2.879 20
3.591 32
2.914 24
3.716 35
2.800 25
3.621 28
3.792 28
2.867 25
3.419 22
3.600 30
2.394 20
2.286 20
1.486 31
3.885 20
3.800 29
3.914 28
1.860 16
2.948 28

1.Obtain the least squares estimates of β₀ and β₁ , and state the estimated regression function. You may use the R commands:  

> gpa.model<-lm(GPA~ACT,data=gpa)

> summary(gpa.model)

Estimate for β₀=____ (round answer to 5 decimal places. If the answer is 0.12345, please DO enter the zero before the decimal point)

Estimate for β₁=____(round answer to 5 decimal places. If the answer is 0.12345, please DO enter the zero before the decimal point)

2.

1. b. Plot the estimated regression function and the data. Does the estimated regression function appear to fit the data well?

   > plot(GPA~ACT,data=gpa)

   > abline(gpa.model)

   Yes

     No

3. Obtain a point estimate of the mean freshman GPA for students with ACT test score X=30. Round answer to 5 decimal places.

4.obtain the residuals ei.

>gpa.model$residuals

Enter here the residual corresponding to the 15th observation=____ (round answer to 5 decimal places. )

Do they sum to zero? use the function sum(), see if you get something close to zero.

Answer: ____(Yes/No)

5.Estimate for σ² =____ Round answers to 5 decimal places. Enter 0 before decimal point.

Estimate for  σ = ____ Round answers to 4 decimal places. Enter 0 before decimal point.

Obtain a 99 percent confidence interval for β1. You can use the following command. You need to write the level as a number, not a percent.

>confint(gpa.model,level= )

Lower bound = ____, Upper bound = ____ Round answers to 5 decimal places. Write the 0 before the decimal point.

Does it include zero? ____(Yes/No)

7.

We would like to test whether or not a linear association exists between student’s ACT Score (X) and GPA at the end of the freshman year (Y). State the hypothesis of the test:

8.

Test, using a t-test, whether or not a linear association exists between student’s ACT Score (X) and GPA at the end of the freshman year (Y). Using a level of significance of .01, compute the following.

The test statistic is: T = ____ Round answer to 2 decimals.

The p-value is = ____ Round answer to 5 decimals.

9.After testing whether or not a linear association exists between student’s ACT Score (X) and GPA at the end of the freshman year (Y), write down the conclusion of the test.